scholarly journals Pravastatin Improves Glucose Regulation and Biocompatibility of Agarose Encapsulated Porcine Islets following Transplantation into Pancreatectomized Dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence S. Gazda ◽  
Horatiu V. Vinerean ◽  
Melissa A. Laramore ◽  
Richard D. Hall ◽  
Joseph W. Carraway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Porcine Islets ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Insulin Requirements ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Tissue Surfaces ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Pancreatectomized Dogs

The encapsulation of porcine islets is an attractive methodology for the treatment of Type I diabetes. In the current study, the use of pravastatin as a mild anti-inflammatory agent was investigated in pancreatectomized diabetic canines transplanted with porcine islets encapsulated in agarose-agarose macrobeads and given 80 mg/day of pravastatin (n=3) while control animals did not receive pravastatin (n=3). Control animals reached preimplant insulin requirements on days 18, 19, and 32. Pravastatin-treated animals reached preimplant insulin requirements on days 22, 27, and 50. Two animals from each group received a second macrobead implant: control animals remained insulin-free for 15 and 21 days (AUC = 3003 and 5078 mg/dL/24 hr days 1 to 15) and reached preimplant insulin requirements on days 62 and 131. Pravastatin treated animals remained insulin-free for 21 and 34 days (AUC = 1559 and 1903 mg/dL/24 hr days 1 to 15) and reached preimplant insulin requirements on days 38 and 192. Total incidence (83.3% versus 64.3%) and total severity (22.7 versus 18.3) of inflammation on tissue surfaces were higher in the control group at necropsy. These findings support pravastatin therapy in conjunction with the transplantation of encapsulated xenogeneic islets for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Extracts of Gymnema Sylvestre in Streptozotocin Induced Type I Diabetes in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishtha R. Mahida ◽  
G. . Mandali ◽  
Vijaysinh V. Sindha ◽  
S. K. Raval
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Hypolipidemic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Altered Glucose

Gymnema sylvestre of the family Asclepiadaceae is one of the most important medicinal plants of the central eco-region. It is popularly known as Gurmar, which means “sugar killer”. Extract of leaves is reported to have tannins, gum, flavonoids, proteins and saponins. It has displayed a wide array of pharmacological activities. This study was aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Gymnema sylvestre extract in experimentally induced diabetes in rats. Diabetes was produced in adult Wistar rats with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) @ 60 mg/kg b.wt. intraperitoneally. After the confirmation of diabetes on 7th day (sugar >200 mg/dl), alcoholic and aqueous extracts of G. sylvestre (400 mg/kg) were administered orally to the experimental rats from 8th day and continued for 42 days thereafter. The antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity was estimated by measuring blood glucose, lipid profile and histopathological examination of various tissues from all the groups. Administration of STZ resulted in a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in blood glucose and lipid profile and histopathological alterations in Diabetic control group as compared to healthy control group. Gymnema treatment demonstrated significant (p less than 0.01) antidiabetic effect indicated by restoration of blood glucose compared to STZ control group. The study concluded that extracts of Gymnema sylvestre improved the altered glucose and lipid profile in diabetic rats, suggesting that the Gymnema Sylvestre extracts exhibit the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity.

scholarly journals Clinical and cytological characteristic of a condition of the oral cavity at pregnant women with various types of a diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Yu Orekhova ◽  
Anna A Aleksandrova ◽  
Ludmila A Aleksandrova ◽  
Ramila S Musaeva ◽  
Gulrukhsor Kh Tolibova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology

Introduction. More and more researches dedicated to the communication of diseases of the oral cavity of pregnant women with diabetes. It is proved that the intensity of caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) increase significantly during pregnancy, while the presence of comorbidities, such as diabetes, increase these indexes.Aim. The aim of the work was to study the dental status of pregnant women with diabetes.Materials and methods. The study compared women with gestational diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes, to a control group of pregnant women without diabetes. In addition to clinical research methods, liquid-based cytology of the contents of the gingival sulcus was performed.Results. The results of clinical and laboratory studies have shown that inflammatory diseases of periodontium and teeth within pregnant women with diabetes are more common than within the pregnant women without this disease. It should be noted that the frequency of occurrence and severity of these diseases in the pregnant women with type I diabetes is higher than in the other groups.Conclusion. Pregnant women with diabetes are at risk for dental disease and require more attention from dentists, endocrinologists and obstetricians. The use of liquid-based cytology method helps in the diagnosis of inflammatory periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals Diabetic polyneuropathy: features of the clinical picture and electroneuromyographic parameters in the presence of comorbidity

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
V. M. Dubynetska
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Abductor Hallucis ◽  
Fiber Damage ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Group B

Knowledges of certain key moments in the clinical course of diabetic polyneuropathy (DP) combined with varied comorbidity will allow the disease to be identified more effectively and treated comprehensively at different stages of onset. The aim of the research: was to investigate and summarize the features of the clinical picture, electroneuromyographic parameters in patients with DP in the presence of comorbidity. Materials and methods. 111 patients aged 19 to 69 years with DP were examined. The patients were divided into two groups: DP due to type I diabetes mellitus (DM) (group A; n = 61) and type II (group B; n = 50). According to the detected comorbidity, the following subgroups were identified: persons with DP as the result of type I, II DM with only one pathology (subgroup 1; n = 53) and the presence of multimorbidity (two or more pathologies) (subgroup 2; n = 21). The control group – 30 healthy persons representative by age and gender, 37 patients with DP without comorbidity. The patients were examined for neurological status, laboratory tests, instrumental examination methods. Results and discussion. In general, among the studied groups, the lowest nerve conduction velocity in the motor fibers was in abductor hallucis, tibialis on the left, extensor digitorum brevis, peroneus on the left and right, in sensory fibers – peroneus superficialis on the left and right, n. suralis on the left and right. Such changes primarily reflect the lesion of the distal extremities, which clinically looks like a distal symmetrical DP. Was dominated axonal and demyelinating type of nerve fiber damage. Conclusions. Comorbidity contributes to the progression of DP and deterioration of its clinical picture, electroneuromyographic rates, even in the presence of a single pathology, low duration of DM and HbA1c level.

scholarly journals No Evidence of Viral Transmission following Long-Term Implantation of Agarose Encapsulated Porcine Islets in Diabetic Dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence S. Gazda ◽  
Horatiu V. Vinerean ◽  
Melissa A. Laramore ◽  
Richard D. Hall ◽  
Joseph W. Carraway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
Type I Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Porcine Islets ◽  
Diabetic Dogs

We have previously described the use of a double coated agarose-agarose porcine islet macrobead for the treatment of type I diabetes mellitus. In the current study, the long-term viral safety of macrobead implantation into pancreatectomized diabetic dogs treated with pravastatin (n=3) was assessed while 2 dogs served as nonimplanted controls. A more gradual return to preimplant insulin requirements occurred after a 2nd implant procedure (days 148, 189, and >652) when compared to a first macrobead implantation (days 9, 21, and 21) in all macrobead implanted animals. In all three implanted dogs, porcine C-peptide was detected in the blood for at least 10 days following the first implant and for at least 26 days following the second implant. C-peptide was also present in the peritoneal fluid of all three implanted dogs at 6 months after 2nd implant and in 2 of 3 dogs at necropsy. Prescreening results of islet macrobeads and culture media prior to transplantation were negative for 13 viruses. No evidence of PERV or other viral transmission was found throughout the study. This study demonstrates that the long-term (2.4 years) implantation of agarose-agarose encapsulated porcine islets is a safe procedure in a large animal model of type I diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Type I Diabetic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Qasem Asgari ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Motazedian ◽  
Amir Khazanchin ◽  
Davood Mehrabani ◽  
Shahrbanou Naderi Shahabadi
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Background. Type I diabetes (TΙDM) is a genetic or autoimmune disorder, which may be stimulated by induced immune system components due to the underlying infectious diseases. This study was undertaken to find out any possible association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and TIDM. Materials and Methods. One hundred and eighty-two blood samples were taken from individuals who were referred to outpatient clinics in Shiraz city, Southern Iran, during a 6-month period. The age of type I diabetic subjects ( n = 91 ) and the control group ( n = 91 ) was identical, which were less than 30 years. The sera were examined for IgG and IgM antibodies by ELISA and correlated with epidemiological factors such as age, sex, and family history of diabetes. Results. Out of 91 diabetic patients, 54 (59.3%) were female and 37 (40.7%) were male. The highest frequency of diabetes belonged to 6-10- and 11-15-year groups ( P = 0.17 ). Toxoplasma infection prevalence in diabetic and control groups was 28.6% and 7.7%, respectively ( P = 0.001 ). A significantly positive family history of diabetes was observed between diabetic patients (31 cases, 34.1%) and the control group (3 cases, 3.3%) ( P = 0.01 ). Interestingly, IgG positivity was seen in 13 cases (41.9%) of patients with positive family history of type I diabetes and 13 cases (21.7%) of subjects with no positive family history of type I diabetes ( P = 0.04 ). Conclusion. Our study showed a higher prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in type I diabetes patients. It is likely that the prevalence of TIDM decreases by increasing hygiene and preventing toxoplasmosis.

Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E, lipoprotein(a), and other lipoproteins in children with type I diabetes

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Salzer ◽  
A Stavljenić ◽  
G Jürgens ◽  
M Dumić ◽  
A Radica
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Diabetic Children

Abstract We assessed the effect of particular apolipoprotein (apo) E phenotypes, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and other lipoproteins on the development of dyslipoproteinemia in 450 patients with type I diabetes, ages 13-14 years. The control group consisted of 450 healthy school children of both sexes, ages 13-14 years. Both groups were found to be normolipidemic, but the concentration of Lp(a) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the diabetic children than in the control group. Apo E 3/2 and apo E 4/4 phenotypes were more frequent in the group of diabetics. Diabetics with the apo E 3/3 phenotype had higher concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and Lp(a), and lower concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) than the apo E 3/3 nondiabetics. For apo E 3/2 phenotypes, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, LDL, apo A-I, and Lp(a) concentrations were higher in the diabetic children than in the control group; for apo E 4/3 phenotypes, this was true for triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol. The distribution of Lp(a) lipoprotein concentrations between 0.01 and > 0.5 g/L indicated a more frequent occurrence of higher Lp(a) values in diabetic children than in the control group. Results of this study indicate that an increased concentration of Lp(a) lipoprotein and apo E 3/2 and apo E 4/3 phenotypes contribute to the expression of dyslipoproteinemia in type I diabetes in childhood.

scholarly journals Platelet Activation and Platelet–Leukocyte Aggregates in Type I Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9_suppl) ◽  
pp. 230S-239S ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. Zahran ◽  
Omnia El-Badawy ◽  
Ismail L. Mohamad ◽  
Deiaaeldin M. Tamer ◽  
Safwat M. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Increased Risk

Hyperglycemia alone may not explain the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with type 2. This study emphases on the evaluation of some platelet activity markers in patients with T1D, with relevance to some metabolic disorders as hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. This study was performed on 35 patients with T1D and 20 healthy controls. All participants were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination and assay of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile. The expression of CD62P and CD36 on platelets and the frequency of platelet–monocyte, and platelet–neutrophil aggregates were assessed by flow cytometry. Patients showed significantly higher expression of CD62P and CD36 than the control group. Platelets aggregates with monocytes were also higher among patients than the control group. Levels of CD36+ platelets, CD62P+ platelets, and platelet–monocyte aggregates revealed significant correlations with the levels of HbA1c, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia accompanying T1D have a stimulatory effect on platelet activation which probably makes those patients vulnerable to CVD than nondiabetics.

Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density in Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus and Relationship to Serum Levels of Osteopontin

Drug Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (09) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forough Saki ◽  
Abdolkarim Sheikhi ◽  
Gholam Omrani ◽  
Hamid Karimi ◽  
Mohammad Dabbaghmanesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density

Abstract Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients are at risk of osteoporosis and fracture due to the osteoblast and osteoclast malfunction. Osteopontin (OPN) as the major non-collagenous bone matrix protein is produced by osteoblasts and osteoclasts and involve in bone resorption, formation and remodeling. To evaluate the serum levels of OPN, bone mineral density (BMD) and correlation in patients with T1DM this study was designed. In this case-control study, 87 children with T1DM and 87 age/sex-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Blood samples were tested for OPN levels by ELISA. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMD. The mean levels of BMD in patients was significantly lower than control group (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between patients and healthy subjects regarding the levels of OPN. However, in patients with high levels of OPN (mean+1.5 standard deviation) the BMD was significantly lower than other patients (p<0.0001). Totally there was a negative correlation between serum levels of OPN and BMD in patients with T1DM (p<0.016). These results indicated that the BMD in T1DM is less than healthy children and elevated level of OPN in patients could be associated with low BMD. A linear negative correlation between serum OPN and total BMD of T1DM patients compared to control group was noticed in this study indicating that the amount of serum OPN could be effective on BMD and a good predicting factor for osteoporosis in patients.

Dietary Carbohydrate, a Big Mac, and Insulin Requirements in Type I Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Vlachokosta ◽  
C. M. Piper ◽  
R. Gleason ◽  
L. Kinzel ◽  
C. R. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Insulin Requirements
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