scholarly journals Midsagittal Anatomy of Lumbar Lordosis in Adult Egyptians: MRI Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmonem A. Hegazy ◽  
Raafat A. Hegazy
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Lower Lumbar

Despite the increasing recognition of the functional and clinical importance of lumbar lordosis, little is known about its description, particularly in Egypt. At the same time, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been introduced as a noninvasive diagnostic technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the lumbar lordosis using midsagittal MRIs. Normal lumbar spine MRIs obtained from 93 individuals (46 males, 47 females; 25–57 years old) were evaluated retrospectively. The lumbar spine curvature and its segments “vertebrae and discs” were described and measured. The lumbar lordosis angle (LLA) was larger in females than in males. Its mean values increased by age. The lumbar height (LH) was longer in males than in females. At the same time, the lumbar breadth (LB) was higher in females than in males. Lumbar index (LI = LB/LH × 100) showed significant gender differences (P<0.0001). Lordosis was formed by wedging of intervertebral discs and bodies of lower lumbar vertebrae. In conclusion, MRI might clearly reveal the anatomy of the lumbar lordosis. Use of LI in association with LLA could be useful in evaluation of lumbar lordosis.

scholarly journals Assessment of the functional state of the spine in athletes and ballet dancers with lumbosacral pain syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
S. P Mironov ◽  
M. B Tsykunov ◽  
G. M Burmakova
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Bioelectric Activity ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Facet Syndrome ◽  
Lower Lumbar

The paper presents the data of evaluation of dysfunction in lumbosacral pain in 898 athletes, ballet and circus artists aged 15 to 45 years. The median age was 25.8 year. 537 men and 361 women. In 409 people, pain syndrome is caused by osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine. 238 patients were diagnosed with spondylolysis of the lower lumbar vertebrae, 172 with facet syndrome, spondylarthrosis and 79 with pathology of the ligaments of the lumbosacral spine. Asymmetry in strength, tone of muscles-stabilizers of the spine and their bioelectric activity, which are eliminated in the course of treatment, was noted.

Morphological changes of intervertebral disc in relation with curve severity of patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis – a T2-weighted MRI study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KH Yeung ◽  
GCW Man ◽  
ALH Hung ◽  
TP Lam ◽  
JCY Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Wedge Angle ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Distance Ratio ◽  
Volumetric Images ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Curve Severity ◽  
Mri Study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological changes of intervertebral discs (IVD) and vertebral bodies (VB) in AIS girls according to the subgroups with different curve severity by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study included 33 age-matched female controls and 76 AIS girls with a right-sided thoracic curvature. Wedge angle, height ratio and distance ratio of VB and IVD were measured on the best midline coronal and sagittal planes from reformatted MRI spine. Volumes of VB, IVD and nucleus pulposus (NP) were evaluated on volumetric images. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction was used. There was significant difference in wedge angle and height ratio of VB and IVD between AIS and controls. In severe-AIS, the position of NP was significantly shifted to the convexity when compared with non-severe AIS and controls. Whereas, the volume of IVD and NP in severe-AIS was found to be significantly smaller. On top of coronal wedging of VB and IVD, there was significantly reduced volume of IVD and NP in severe-AIS patients, despite T2 signal of IVD was preserved. The current findings indicate that early mechanical effects on the discs and vertebrae in adolescent scoliotic spine is evident on quantitative imaging. Importantly, these patients may be vulnerable to disc degeneration if no operative treatment is prescribed.

The change of whole lumbar segmental motion according to the mobility of degenerated disc in the lower lumbar spine: a kinetic MRI study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1893-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hun Lee ◽  
Scott D. Daffner ◽  
Jeffrey C. Wang ◽  
Barry C. Davis ◽  
Ahmet Alanay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Segmental Motion ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Lower Lumbar

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of individual parameters of the sum of the sizes intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine in juvenile males and males of the first mature age in norm

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
V.P. Danylevych ◽  
Yu.Y. Guminskyi ◽  
V.O. Tykholaz ◽  
Y.O. Bezsmertnyi ◽  
S.V. Pavlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anterior Posterior

In nowadays, an important area in medicine is the early preclinical identification of the parameters deviations from the norm, where mathematical modeling can help, which should be used to calculate individual linear parameters of internal structures based on external parameters of the body. The aim of the study was to calculate the individual total linear measures of the lumbar intervertebral discs in juniors and men of the first adulthood (17-28 years) in norm. The total size of the each intervertebral discs were calculated a sum of the anterior-posterior diameter, frontal diameter and vertical sizes of each lumbar intervertebral discs, which were measured by MRI. The next step was to calculate the relative proportional nonlinear somato-disc rates (based on body weight and body length) for each individual examined. Mathematical processing of the measured parameters and the relative values of the somato-disc relationships was carried out by the statistical data processing program “STATISTICA 6.1” using parametric methods. The correct distribution of the variational series indicators, mean values and their standard errors were evaluated. Based on relative values the mathematical model was created to obtain individual values of the TS of the lumbar intervertebral discs. Subsequently, we compared the measured total discs sizes of the anterior-posterior, frontal diameters and vertical sizes of the lumbar intervertebral discs with a mathematically calculated value for each lumbar intervertebral discs. The significant difference between the mathematically calculated and measured values of the total intervertebral discs’ sizes of the didn’t exceed 10%. Determination of the standard linear dimensions of the intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine using CT and MRI and comparison with theoretically calculated indices will make it possible to diagnose early manifestations of the lumbar intervertebral discs pathology.

scholarly journals Surgical treatment of lower lumbar spine pathology in children and adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Krutko ◽  
Abdugafur J. Sanginov ◽  
Morgan B. Giers ◽  
Alina А. Alshevskaya ◽  
Andrei V. Moskalev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Posterior Approach ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Neurosurgical Department ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine ◽  
Spine Pathology ◽  
Lower Lumbar

Introduction. Analysis of the modern literature shows that the number of children complaining of low back pain of varying intensity in the spine increases annually. Publications on the surgical treatment of juvenile osteochondrosis were scarce. Currently, there are no algorithms for choosing a surgical treatment for children and adolescents with lumbar spine pathology, particularly high-grade listhesis, methods and terms of surgical treatment, and the use of reduction maneuvers remain debatable. There are no high-quality evidence studies. Aim. This study aimed to summarize the experience of treatment of children and adolescents with pathology of the lower lumbar spine. Material and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of the treatment outcomes in patients with lower lumbar spine pathology who were younger than 18 years and who underwent surgery in the Neurosurgical Department No. 2 of the Tsiv’yan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics between 2008 and 2018. The mean age of the patients was 15.5 years. We structured pathologies and interventions in children and adolescents and evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of treatment and the rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results and discussion. From 2008 to 2018, 11,428 patients with degenerative spine disease and isthmic/dysplastic spondylolisthesis underwent surgery at the Neurosurgical Department No. 2. Of these, 55 (0.5%) patients were younger than 18 years. In all patients, surgical treatment led to pain relief and physical activity recovery. Decompression/stabilization surgery through the posterior approach enabled formation of an artificial block in 100% of cases. The rate of surgical treatment complications was 8.6% and 28.6% in children and adolescents with herniated lumbar intervertebral discs and spondylolisthesis, respectively. Conclusion. Surgical treatment of children and adolescents with pathology of the lower lumbar spine demonstrated an excellent clinical outcome. Disc herniation did not recur 4.9 years after decompression surgery for herniated lumbar intervertebral discs. Decompression/stabilization surgery through the posterior approach in children and adolescents with spondylolisthesis facilitated abolition of pain, regression of neurological disorders, full recovery of physical activity, and formation of a reliable artificial block. Potential complications were resolved without consequences and did not downplay the importance of surgical techniques in the treatment of this group of patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Possibilities of B-Mode Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs Protrusion in Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizvan Ya Abdullaiev ◽  
Ilgar G Mammadov ◽  
Tatyana A Dudnik ◽  
Roman R Abdullaiev
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Longitudinal Section ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Axial Section ◽  
Disc Protrusion ◽  
Canal Width

Objective: To improve the efficiency of lumbar intervertebral discs protrusion by determining the ultrasound biomarkers. Materials and Methods: The study included 68 patients with the disc protrusion and 65 healthy adolescents with normal lumbar intervertebral discs and neurologic status aged 16-18 years. Ultrasonography (USG) was performed at the level of disks L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5, L5-S1 in longitudinal and transverse projections. In longitudinal section was measured height of lumbar vertebrae and intervertebral discs, in axial section – the sagittal sizes of intervertebral discs and spinal canal, width of spinal nerve canals, thickness of the yellow ligament. Results: In 31 (45,6±6,0%) cases the protrusion was paramedian, in 16 (23,5±5,1%) – posterolateral, in 13 (19,1±4,8) – median and in 8 (11,8±3,9%) – circular types. The paramedian protrusion was significantly more frequently recorded than the posterolateral (P<0,05), median and circular (p <0.001) types. In 7 (10,3±3,7% ) cases the protrusion was localized at the level of L2-L3, in 13 (19,1 ±4,8%) – L3-L4, in 27 (39,7±5,9%) - at the level of L4-L5 and in 21 (30,9±5,6%) – at the level of L5-S1 respectively. There were no significant differences in the frequency of occurrence between L2-L3 and L3-L4, as well as L4-L5 and L5-S1. The lower located lumbar discs were significantly more affected than the upper ones (P<0,05; P<0,001).Conclusions: In adolescents in the lumbar spine, paramedian protrusion are most commonly found, which are most often localized at the level of both L4-L5 and L5-S1. The greatest  narrowing and deformation of the spinal nerve canal is observed by posterolateral and paramedian protrusion. The greatest thickness of the yellow ligament, radiculopathy  is observed at level of L5-S1 protrusion. 

scholarly journals The Spinal Curvature of Three Different Sitting Positions Analysed in an Open MRI Scanner

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Baumgartner ◽  
Roland Zemp ◽  
Renate List ◽  
Mirjam Stoop ◽  
Jaroslav Naxera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Spinal Mobility ◽  
Kinematic Effect ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lower Lumbar

Sitting is the most frequently performed posture of everyday life. Biomechanical interactions with office chairs have therefore a long-term effect on our musculoskeletal system and ultimately on our health and wellbeing. This paper highlights the kinematic effect of office chairs on the spinal column and its single segments. Novel chair concepts with multiple degrees of freedom provide enhanced spinal mobility. The angular changes of the spinal column in the sagittal plane in three different sitting positions (forward inclined, reclined, and upright) for six healthy subjects (aged 23 to 45 years) were determined using an open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. An MRI-compatible and commercially available office chair was adapted for use in the scanner. The midpoint coordinates of the vertebral bodies, the wedge angles of the intervertebral discs, and the lumbar lordotic angle were analysed. The mean lordotic angles were16.0±8.5∘(mean ± standard deviation) in a forward inclined position,24.7±8.3∘in an upright position, and28.7±8.1∘in a reclined position. All segments from T10-T11 to L5-S1 were involved in movement during positional changes, whereas the range of motion in the lower lumbar segments was increased in comparison to the upper segments.

scholarly journals A three-dimensional multibody computational model of lumbar spine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roozbeh Seradj Zadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Biomechanical Models ◽  
Custom Made

The lower back is the most sensitive part of the human spine and over loading and bad posture during lifting can damage this area of the body. The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae, which are responsible for carrying the weight of the upper body and loads. Intervertebral discs allow articulation between vertebrae. These discs are primarily made of non-homogeneous soft tissue, which allows the vertebrae to move and flex in all directions. Biomechanical models have been developed in the past decades to model and to predict the behavior of the spine in response to different loads. With the advances in computer modeling technology, analytical methods have become more popular in modeling the spine. These models are more cost effective and practical compared to the early models and use of human volunteers and cadavers. Unfortunately due to the complexity of the spine, most of the models failed to offer an accurate estimation of reaction moments and forces. Most models also use proprietary and custom-made software which makes it difficult for other researchers to use and modify them. This thesis reports the development and verification of a multi-body computational model of the lumbar spine. The model comprises five lumbar vertebrae (L1 to L5) and pelvis (S1). The vertebrae are connected to each other by invertebral discs, which consist of an anatomically correct kinematic and dynamic constraints. This combination represents a six degree-of-freedom mobility and enables the model to accommodate flexion, lateral bending, and axial rotation. The model is validated by carrying out a series of case studies including experimental motion studies. It is also used for preliminary evaluation of an ergonomical device called the dynamic trunk support (DTS), developed at Ryerson, School of Occupational and Public Health, in conjunction with the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering department. The results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

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