scholarly journals Early Stage Design Decisions: The Way to Achieve Sustainable Buildings at Lower Costs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Bragança ◽  
Susana M. Vieira ◽  
Joana B. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Sustainability Performance ◽  
Early Stage Design ◽  
Key Indicators

The construction industry attempts to produce buildings with as lower environmental impact as possible. However, construction activities still greatly affect environment; therefore, it is necessary to consider a sustainable project approach based on its performance. Sustainability is an important issue to consider in design, not only due to environmental concerns but also due to economic and social matters, promoting architectural quality and economic advantages. This paper aims to identify the phases through which a design project should be developed, emphasising the importance and ability of earlier stages to influence sustainability, performance, and life cycle cost. Then, a selection of sustainability key indicators, able to be used at the design conceptual phase and able to start predicting environmental sustainability performance of buildings is presented. The output of this paper aimed to enable designers to compare and evaluate the consequences of different design solutions, based on preliminary data, and facilitate the collaboration between stakeholders and clients and eventually yield a sustainable and high performance building throughout its life cycle.

scholarly journals Flexibility in Early Stage Design of U.S. Navy Ships: An Analysis of Options

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Jonathan Page
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Engineering Changes ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Early Stage Design

This paper is a summary of my thesis work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). It explores design options for naval vessels and provides a framework for analyzing their benefit to the Navy. Future demands on Navy warships, such as new or changing missions and capabilities, are unknowns at the time of the ship's design. Therefore, ships often require costly engineering changes throughout their service life. These are expensive both fiscally – because the Navy pays for engineering and installation work – and operationally – because either a warship cannot carry out a desired mission need or is carrying out a mission for which it was not initially designed. One method of addressing uncertainty in capital assets is imbedding flexibilities in their architecture. The paper offers early stage design suggestions on flexibilities for naval platforms to incorporate preplanned repeats of the platform with new or different missions. A conceptual platform created – the SCAMP – includes each of these suggestions in its architecture. Then, the paper summarizes an analysis framework similar to real options to evaluate the value of including these expansion options in early stage design versus traditional design methods and their products. The analysis uses a version of the MIT Cost Model for early stage ship design to determine acquisition and life cycle costs. The model was modified to support this analysis by allowing a simulation of possible mission changes with their severity distributed stochastically over a realistic time horizon. Subsequently, the model calculates these effects on life cycle cost. The most important result is the value of the framework for evaluating these managerial options. This framework can be extended to the subsystem level or to the system-of-systems level. In this application, the model predicts that, on average, a flexible platform should not only cost less to build, but also reduce modernization costs by 9% per ship over its life cycle. Therefore, counter-intuitively, building a lesscapable ship with the flexibility to expand capabilities or switch missions actually provides greater expected utility during its service life.

Assessing the environmental sustainability of early stage design for bioprocesses under uncertainties: An analysis of glycerol bioconversion

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 1245-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina L. Gargalo ◽  
Peam Cheali ◽  
John A. Posada ◽  
Ana Carvalho ◽  
Krist V. Gernaey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Early Stage Design

Simulation-Supported Early Stage Design Optimisation for a Case Study of Life Cycle Oriented Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören Eikemeier ◽  
Ardeshir Mahdavi ◽  
Robert Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Design Optimisation ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Early Stage Design

To reduce the energy and resource consumption in the building sector this study is focusing on a design optimisation of life cycle oriented buildings. In order to optimise the performance of the buildings and in consequence also to achieve improved results for the mandatory Austrian energy certificate a simulation-based rapid design approach is used for the early stage design phase of the buildings, in particular for the architectural design of the buildings.Methods like the Window to Wall Ratio, at the very beginning of the design process, a parametric simulation with EnergyPlus or a more detailed optimisation approach with GenOpt are integrated in this study applied to example buildings. The results are showing that the method can be used in a circular approach for improving the heating demand of the Austrian energy certificate for this case study by more than 25 % compared to the preliminary design

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF STRUCTURED LIGHT SCANNING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE DIGITISATION OF PHYSICAL PROTOTYPES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Owen Freeman Gebler ◽  
Mark Goudswaard ◽  
Ben Hicks ◽  
David Jones ◽  
Aydin Nassehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Model Quality ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Structured Light Scanning ◽  
Early Stage Design

AbstractPhysical prototyping during early stage design typically represents an iterative process. Commonly, a single prototype will be used throughout the process, with its form being modified as the design evolves. If the form of the prototype is not captured as each iteration occurs understanding how specific design changes impact upon the satisfaction of requirements is challenging, particularly retrospectively.In this paper two different systems for digitising physical artefacts, structured light scanning (SLS) and photogrammetry (PG), are investigated as means for capturing iterations of physical prototypes. First, a series of test artefacts are presented and procedures for operating each system are developed. Next, artefacts are digitised using both SLS and PG and resulting models are compared against a master model of each artefact. Results indicate that both systems are able to reconstruct the majority of each artefact's geometry within 0.1mm of the master, however, overall SLS demonstrated superior performance, both in terms of completion time and model quality. Additionally, the quality of PG models was far more influenced by the effort and expertise of the user compared to SLS.

scholarly journals Multi-objective Early-stage Design of Automotive Hybrid Assembly Lines

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Colledani ◽  
L. Bolognese ◽  
D. Ceglarek ◽  
F. Franchini ◽  
C. Marine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Hybrid Assembly ◽  
Assembly Lines ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Early Stage Design

Some Guidance for Hull Form Selection for SWATH Ships

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 239-252
Author(s):  
G. Robed Lamb
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Hull Form ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Seakeeping Performance ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Early Stage Design

Even though in 1987 there were only a dozen SWATH (smali-waterplane-area twin-hull) craft and ships afloat around the world, word of their markedly superior seakeeping performance is spreading rapidly. The number of SWATH vessels is likely to double within five years. As in many other areas of technology, the United States and Japan are the acknowledged leaders in the development and practical application of the SWATH concept. This paper reviews the characteristics of existing SWATH craft and ships from the standpoint of the stated seakeeping objective. Hull form differences between four SWATH craft and ships, including the Navy's SSP Kairnalino, are analyzed and interpreted. Important considerations for the early-stage design of a SWATH ship are discussed. Differences in the range of feasible hull form geometries for coastal areas and unrestricted ocean operations, and for low-speed versus moderately high-speed applications, are pointed out.

Selecting a Compressor Meridional Topology: Axial, Mixed, Radial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Smyth ◽  
Robert J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
New Products ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Blade Design ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Specific Speed ◽  
Early Stage Design ◽  
Smith Chart

Abstract This paper proposes a new duty-based Smith Chart as part of an improved method of selecting the geometric topology of compressors (axial, mixed or radial) in the earliest stage of design. The method has a number of advantages over previous methods: it is based on the non-dimensional flow and the non-dimensional work, which aligns with the aerodynamic function of the compressor and is therefore more intuitive than specific speed and specific diameter. It is based on a large number of consistently designed compressor rotors which have been computationally predicted using RANS CFD. Most importantly, it provides the designer not only with a choice of topology but also with the complete meridional geometry of the compressor, its blade design and the number of blades. This fidelity of geometry at the very early stage of design allows the designer to undertake a true systems design optimization (noise, manufacturing, packaging constraints and cost). This has the major advantage of significantly reducing early stage design times and costs and allows the designer to explore completely new products more quickly.

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