scholarly journals Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis in a Child with Mondini Dysplasia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Eda Kepenekli-Kadayifci ◽  
Ayşe Karaaslan ◽  
Serkan Atıcı ◽  
Adem Binnetoğlu ◽  
Murat Sarı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Developmental Abnormality ◽  
Mondini Dysplasia ◽  
Csf Leakage ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Mondini dysplasia, also known as Mondini malformation, is a developmental abnormality of the inner and middle ears that can cause hearing loss, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, and recurrent bacterial meningitis (RBM), which is defined as two or more episodes of meningitis separated by a period of convalescence and the complete resolution of all signs and symptoms. An accurate diagnosis of the underlying pathology is crucial to prevent further episodes from occurring. Herein, we present a three-year-old boy with RBM and unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. During the evaluation to determine the etiology of the RBM, cystic malformation in the cochlea and vestibular dilatation consistent with Mondini dysplasia were detected via computerized tomography (CT) of the temporal bone.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage and Middle Ear Encephalocele in Seven Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 372-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh B. Patel ◽  
Jed A. Kwartler ◽  
Richard M. Hodosh ◽  
Soly Baredes
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Recurrent Meningitis ◽  
Lumbar Drain ◽  
Csf Leakage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Isolated cases of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage with and without middle ear encephalocele have been reported. These leaks are usually accompanied by episodes of recurrent meningitis, hearing loss, or chronic headache. In this article, we report seven new cases of spontaneous CSF leakage. Six of these patients had conductive hearing loss and serous otitis media, and three had recurrent meningitis. Prior to a definitive diagnosis, six patients had received myringotomy tubes, which produced profuse clear otorrhea. Three patients had positive beta-2 transferrin assays. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a defect in the temporal bone tegmen. A combined transmastoid and middle fossa surgical approach with a three-layer closure was used to repair the tegmen defect. All patients had a lumbar drain placed prior to surgery. In addition to describing the seven new cases, we review the history of CSF leakage and discuss diagnostic methods, surgical findings, and our recommendations for management.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal fluid MinION sequencing of 16S rRNA gene for rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial meningitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-496
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thu Hong ◽  
Ho Dang Trung Nghia ◽  
Tran Tan Thanh ◽  
Nguyen Phu Huong Lan ◽  
Nguyen Thi Han Ny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Rrna Gene

Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea in Association with a Congenital Defect of the Cochlear Aqueduct and Mondini Dysplasia

Neurosurgery ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Sung Park ◽  
Harold J. Hoffman ◽  
Robin P. Humphreys ◽  
Sylvester H. Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Cystic Dilatation ◽  
Cochlear Aqueduct ◽  
Mondini Dysplasia ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea ◽  
Suboccipital Approach

Abstract Unrecognized spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea led to recurrent bacterial meningitis in three children. The underlying cause of the spontaneous CSF otorrhea was proved to be a congenital cystic dilatation of the cochlear aqueduct and Mondini dysplasia of the temporal bone. The CSF leak recurred in all patients after an initial surgical attempt to close the defects through a tympanotomy. A suboccipital approach was used successfully to obliterate the CSF fistulas in two children; a translabyrinthine approach was used in the other. A search of the literature revealed that Mondini dysplasia is a congenital anomaly that can commonly cause spontaneous CSF otorrhea in children. The authors discuss the management of this uncommon entity on the basis of a literature review and their own experience.

scholarly journals Community-acquired Bacterial Meningitis in Adults With Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2256-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liora ter Horst ◽  
Matthijs C Brouwer ◽  
Arie van der Ende ◽  
Diederik van de Beek
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Recurrent Meningitis ◽  
Previous Surgery ◽  
Csf Leakage

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a risk factor for developing bacterial meningitis. Methods We analyzed episodes of community-acquired bacterial meningitis associated with CSF leakage from a prospective nationwide cohort study. Results CSF leakage was identified in 65 episodes of 2022 episodes (3%) in 53 patients. The cause of CSF leakage was identified in 49 of 65 episodes (75%), which most commonly consisted of ear-nose-throat surgery (19 of 49 episodes [29%]) and remote head trauma (15 of 49 episodes [23%]). The episode was a recurrent meningitis episode in 38 patients (59%). Of the recurrent episodes, 27 had known CSF leakage (71%) of whom 20 (53%) had previous surgery aiming to close the leak. Nine patients (38%) with known CSF leakage had been vaccinated (23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in 9 patients, meningococcal serogroup C vaccine in 2, meningococcal serogroup A and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine each in 1 patient). Streptococcus pneumoniae was cultured in 33 episodes (51%) and H. influenzae in 11 episodes (17%). The most common pneumococcal serotypes were 3 (4 episodes), 35B, 9N, 38, and 15C (each 2 episodes). Haemophilus influenzae was unencapsulated in all 10 episodes with known capsule type. The outcome was unfavorable in 8 episodes (12%) and no patient died. Conclusions Bacterial meningitis in patients with CSF leakage has a high recurrence rate, despite surgical repair or vaccination, and outcome is generally favorable. CSF leakage should be suspected in patients with bacterial meningitis presenting with liquorrhea, recurrent meningitis, or with disease caused by H. influenzae.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal fluid MinION sequencing of 16S rRNA gene for rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial meningitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
H. Nguyen ◽  
N. Ho Dang Trung ◽  
T. Tan Tran ◽  
L. Nguyen Phu Huong ◽  
N. Nguyen Thi Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Rrna Gene

Cochlear implantation in children with Mondini dysplasia: our experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
N M Suri ◽  
A R Prasad ◽  
R K Sayani ◽  
A Anand ◽  
G Jaychandran
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
Mondini Dysplasia ◽  
Cochlear Implant Surgery ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Group A ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B ◽  
Post Implantation

Abstract Objective This study details the intra-operative complications, and compares auditory scales post-implantation of either profoundly deaf young children with radiologically normal inner ears (group A) or children with Mondini dysplasia (group B). Methods A retrospective survey was carried out of 338 patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss who underwent cochlear implant surgery from February 2015 to May 2017. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 27 patients each. Both groups were followed up to three years post-implantation. Results Cerebrospinal fluid ooze developed in 12 patients, and 2 patients had a cerebrospinal fluid ‘gusher’, one of which had to be explored within 24 hours. After implant use for one year, both groups had similar speech perception scores. Conclusion The cerebrospinal fluid gusher in Mondini dysplasia should be anticipated and adequately managed intra-operatively. This study highlights the tailoring of a post-implantation rehabilitation programme according to individual needs.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis between the profile of cerebrospinal liquid (CSF) and clinical evolution in patients with bacterial meningitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Kimie Miyahira ◽  
Vania Maria Sabadoto Brienze
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Examination ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: Bacterial meningitis is a serious infection that occurs in the Central Nervous System, which presents important morbidity and mortality, mainly in children. The main bacterial agents causing meningitis in the community are Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Specific signs and symptoms suggest meningitis and cerebrospinal fluid analysis is the main exam leading to diagnosis. Objectives: To analyze the behavior of cerebrospinal fluid during the evolution of the patient with bacterial meningitis. Methods: A retrospective study revised the medical records of patients with bacterial meningitis confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid examination in the Base Hospital of São José do Rio Preto from January 1996 to December 2002. Results: in the 63 Patients, there were 18 cases (28.6%) of S. pneumoniae, 20 cases (31.7%) of H. influenzae, 12 cases (19%) of N.meningitides B and 13 (20.6%) cases of N. meningitidis C. In the 18 patients with pneumococcus, 10 (55.6%) were discharged and 8 (44.4%) died. In the 20 patients with HIB, only 3 (15%) died, there was no death patients with meningococcus B and C. Conclusion: There was no difference statistics in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patients who were discharged and those who died.

Dexamethasone Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis in Infants and Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
In Infants And Children

BACKGROUND Bacterial meningitis affects an estimated 15 000 infants and children in the United States each year. The case-fatality rates for these patients are from 5% to 10%; as many as 20% to 30% of survivors have long-term sequelae, the most common of which is hearing impairment.1 The reported incidence of hearing loss after meningitis has ranged from 5% to 20% of patients, depending on the selection of patients, techniques used to assess hearing, and etiology.2-5 In 1972 to 1977, Dodge and co-workers2 documented hearing loss in 31% of patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis, 10% with Neisseria meningitidis meningitis, and 6% with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment occurred in 14%, 10%, and 3%, respectively. Newer antimicrobial agents with superior bactericidal activity in cerebrospinal fluid have not reduced morbidity and case-fatality rates compared with conventional therapy. The pathophysiologic events believed to contribute to adverse outcome from bacterial meningitis include alteration of cerebral capillary endothelial cells that comprise the blood-brain barrier, cytotoxic and vasogenic cerebral edema, and increased intracranial pressure.6 These events can lead to decreased cerebral perfusion pressure with a resultant diminution in cerebral blood flow causing regional hypoxia and focal ischemia of brain tissue. Because of its anti-inflammatory effects, corticosteroid therapy has been evaluated in experimental meningitis and in infants and children with meningitis. Dexamethasone produced significant reductions in intracranial pressure, brain edema, and lactate concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in experimental H influenzae and S pneumoniae meningitis.7,8 In addition, the administration of dexamethasone was associated with decreased concentrations of prostaglandin E2 in cerebrospinal fluid and lowered mortality and clinically evident neurologic sequelae in rabbits with experimental pneumococcal meningitis.9

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