scholarly journals Cadmium Increases the Sensitivity of Adolescent Female Mice to Nicotine-Related Behavioral Deficits

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Philip Adeyemi Adeniyi ◽  
Babawale Peter Olatunji ◽  
Azeez Olakunle Ishola ◽  
Duyilemi Chris Ajonijebu ◽  
Olalekan Michael Ogundele
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Nicotine Administration ◽  
Cadmium Treatment ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
Behavioural Tests ◽  
Albino Strain

This study investigates spatial and nonspatial working memory, anxiety related behavior, and motor activities in cadmium and/or nicotine exposed female adolescent mice. P28 female adolescent mice (albino strain) were divided into four groups of five (n=5) mice each. A set of mice (Nic) received subcutaneous nicotine (2.0 mg/kg) while a separate set (Cd) was treated with 2.0 mg/kg cadmium (subcutaneous). For the combined treatments of cadmium and nicotine, we administered 2.0 mg/kg Nicotine and 2.0 mg/kg of Cd. Subsequently, a separate group of animals (n=5; control) received normal saline. The total duration of treatment for all groups was 28 days (P28–P56). At P56, the treatment was discontinued, after which the animals were examined in behavioural tests. Nicotine and cadmium increased the metabolism and food intake in the female adolescent mice. This also corresponded to an increase in weight when compared with the control. However, a combined nicotine-cadmium treatment induced a decline in weight of the animals versus the control. Also, nicotine administration increased the motor function, while cadmium and nicotine-cadmium treatment caused a decline in motor activity. Both nicotine and cadmium induced a reduction in memory index; however, nicotine-cadmium treatment induced the most significant decrease in nonspatial working memory.

Treatment of aggressive prostate cancers in real life: Initiation, schedule, and management of triptorelin treatment (TALISMAN)—Design of the study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. TPS173-TPS173
Author(s):  
Thierry Lebret ◽  
Jerome Rigaud ◽  
Gilles Crehange ◽  
Nathalie Pello Leprince Ringuet ◽  
Anne-Sophie Grandoulier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Tumor Aggressiveness ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Holistic Management

TPS173 Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) treatment management mostly depends on tumor aggressiveness and patient frailty. Guidelines recommend an intensification of treatment in high risk PCa, with a longer duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and, for more advanced cases, an administration for life, on top of which additional treatments may be proposed. This implies a holistic management of the patient, including management of comorbidities and ADT side effects. Triptorelin is a widely used gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). Generating data on the use of triptorelin in real life will help physicians to analyze the parameters influencing the choice of the planned duration of treatment. Methods: This prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study is conducted in France. Patients are recruited by urologists, radiation oncologists and medical oncologists. Main inclusion criteria are a histologically confirmed PCa, eligible for triptorelin therapy in its label, with a planned total duration of triptorelin treatment of at least 12 months. Decision of triptorelin treatment is made before the inclusion in the study, in the routine practice. 3 visits are planned: V1 (baseline), V2 (at 6 months), V3 (at 12 months). Primary objective of the study is to describe the proportion of patients treated continuously with triptorelin during 12 months following treatment initiation. 786 patients are planned to be enrolled, this will allow to estimate the proportion of patients treated continuously with triptorelin during 12 months following treatment initiation for an expected proportion of 80% with a precision of 3 % taking into account a drop out rate of 15%. Main secondary objectives are to describe the planned total duration of triptorelin treatment and main reason of choice, to identify parameters (tumor aggressiveness criteria, patient frailty...) associated with this planned duration, to describe the formulation and route of administration of triptorelin and reasons of choice, to identify parameters associated with this choice, to describe the change from baseline in quality of life evaluated through QLQ-PR25 questionnaire, and to describe the safety of triptorelin in the real world setting. An interim analysis on baseline data will be performed once 50% of patients are enrolled. It will focus on planned total duration of triptorelin at initiation, main reasons of choice according to circumstances of prescription, formulation and route of administration, and their reasons of choice. Clinical trial information: NCT04593420.

Possibilities of intestinal dysfunction treatment in period of convalescence of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
D. A. Khavkina ◽  
P. V. Chukhliaev ◽  
T. A. Ruzhentsova
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Immunocompetent Organs ◽  
The Moment

The article presents a clinical example of the treatment of persistent intestinal dysfunction in a patient with a relapse and in the period of COVID-19 convalescence. Differential approaches to the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders in patients with COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 infection and with a high risk of pseudomembranous colitis are considered. The role of bacteriophages in restoring the normal function of the gastrointestinal tract is considered. The total duration of treatment of a patient with a gastrointestinal disorder on the background of relapse and subsequent convalescence of COVID-19 from the moment of treatment was 8 weeks with the active use of anti-inflammatory, sorbing, anticoagulant, antiviral and antibacterial therapy. A significant contribution to the process of clinical improvement was made by the use of intestinal bacteriophage, reducing the risk of pseudomembranous colitis.Conclusions. COVID-19 is a disease characterized by a multisystem lesion and long-term consequences for immunocompetent organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. This fact forces us to reconsider some aspects of traditional therapy for intestinal dysfunction and provides opportunities for new, less aggressive treatments.

scholarly journals CLINICAL EVALUATION OF AYURVEDIC FORMULATION OF COLICARMIN PLUS SYRUP ON COLIC, GRIPING PAIN, INDIGESTION, NAUSEA, VOMITING, AND OTHER DIGESTIVE DISORDERS IN PAEDIATRICS AND GERIATRICS PATIENTS.

2016 ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Devendra Mishra ◽  
Girish H Patel ◽  
Rupali Gathani
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Label Study ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Digestive Disorders

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Objective: An open label study to assess the effect of colicarmin plus syrup on colic and griping pain, indigestion, nausea and vomiting in children,<br />and geriatric patients.<br />Methods: (a) A study was conducted on 75 number of patients to evaluate the effect of colicarmin plus syrup on colic and griping pain, indigestion,<br />nausea and vomiting in children, and adults, (b) mostly these children were selected from different classes of families, (c) all the patients were checked<br />on the 1<br />st<br />, 2<br />nd<br />, and 3<br />rd<br /> week after starting the therapeutic dose.<br />Dosage schedule: (a) Children: 1 Teaspoonful thrice a day after meals, (b) adults: 2 Teaspoonful twice to thrice a day after meals.<br />Results: (a) Colic and griping pain: In the total duration of treatment, no of patients recovering were 23-on 1<br />st<br /> week, 4-on 2<br /> week,<br />overall result is 93.54%, (b) indigestion: In the total duration of treatment, no of patients recovering were 26-on 1<br />st<br />nd<br /> week, and 3-on 3<br /> week, 3-on 2<br /> week, and 1-on<br />3<br />rd<br /> week, the overall result is 93.75%, (c) nausea and vomiting: In the total duration of treatment, no of patients recovering were 8-on 1<br /> week, 2-on<br />2<br />nd<br /> week, and 1-on 3<br />rd<br /> week, the overall result is 91.33%.<br />Conclusion: Based on the study, we can conclude that colicarmin plus syrup is an Ayurvedic formulation with benefits such as digestive, carminative,<br />anthelmintic, antiflatulent, antispasmodic, and devoid of side effects.<br />Keywords: Digestive, Carminative, Anthelmintic, Antiflatulent and Antispasmodic.<br />nd</p><p>st</p><p>rd</p>

scholarly journals Distraction Lengthening of First Metacarpal in Traumatic Thumb Amputations

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
Abid Saleem ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Parmod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Thumb Reconstruction ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Process Duration ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Introduction Based on the level of the thumb loss, phalangization, toe-to-thumb transfer, pollicization, and distraction callotasis of the first metacarpal are the various options available for reconstruction. The aims of the study were to observe the length gained in the distraction process, duration of treatment required, functional recovery in the form of pinch strength, sensations, and patient satisfaction. Patients and Methods It was a prospective study of 10 patients of thumb amputation, conducted from January 2014 to July 2015. The patients’ age, mode of injury, level of amputation, and advantages and disadvantages of distraction callotasis were evaluated. Results The most common etiology of thumb loss was domestic accidents while working with a chaff cutter. The total duration of treatment was 124 (93–165) days and the mean gain in length was 25 (20–28) mm. The pinch strength increased from a mean of 0.91 to 2.06 kg, i.e., a 44.17% improvement from preoperative pinch strength. All of our patients retained their sensations of the reconstructed thumb post distraction. Conclusions Among many options for thumb reconstruction, distraction callotasis is a simple and safer option in the selective group of patients who are not keen on toe-to-thumb transfer which provide a significant improvement. The longer duration of treatment is the disadvantage associated with the need for proper counselling beforehand.

scholarly journals GSK3β inhibition restores cortical gamma oscillation and cognitive behavior in a mouse model of NMDA receptor hypofunction relevant to schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. 2207-2218
Author(s):  
Kazuhito Nakao ◽  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Kiran Sapkota ◽  
Bailey C. Hagler ◽  
Robert N. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Gamma Oscillation ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Patch Clamp Recording ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Gamma Power ◽  
Sensory Evoked

Abstract Cortical gamma oscillations are believed to be involved in mental processes which are disturbed in schizophrenia. For example, the magnitudes of sensory-evoked oscillations, as measured by auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) at 40 Hz, are robustly diminished, whereas the baseline gamma power is enhanced in schizophrenia. Such dual gamma oscillation abnormalities are also present in a mouse model of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction (Ppp1r2cre/Grin1 knockout mice). However, it is unclear whether the abnormal gamma oscillations are associated with dysfunction in schizophrenia. We found that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is overactivated in corticolimbic parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons in Grin1 mutant mice. Here we addressed whether GSK3β inhibition reverses both abnormal gamma oscillations and behavioral deficits with high correlation by pharmacological and genetic approach. We demonstrated that the paralog selective-GSK3β inhibitor, but not GSK3α inhibitor, normalizes the diminished ASSRs, excessive baseline gamma power, and deficits in spatial working memory and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle in Grin1 mutant mice. Cell-type specific GSK3B knockdown, but not GSK3A knockdown, also reversed abnormal gamma oscillations and behavioral deficits. Moreover, GSK3B knockdown, but not GSK3A knockdown, reverses the mutants’ in vivo spike synchrony deficits. Finally, ex vivo patch-clamp recording from pairs of neighboring cortical pyramidal neurons showed a reduction of synchronous spontaneous inhibitory-postsynaptic-current events in mutants, which was reversed by GSK3β inhibition genetically and pharmacologically. Together, GSK3β inhibition in corticolimbic interneurons ameliorates the deficits in spatial working memory and PPI, presumably by restoration of synchronous GABA release, synchronous spike firing, and evoked-gamma power increase with lowered baseline power.

scholarly journals Choice of tactics of surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis and its complications

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-445
Author(s):  
B.S. Zaporozhchenko ◽  
K.V. Kravets ◽  
I.E. Borodaev ◽  
D.A. Bondarets ◽  
D.A. Bondarets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Acute Cholecystitis ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
Surgical Tactics

Acute cholecystitis ranks second in the incidence of urgent surgical diseases in hospitals in Ukraine. Despite a marked improvement in the treatment results, the lethality after emergency operations (9,4-37%) for acute cholecystitis complicated by peritonitis remains several times higher than with routine surgical interventions. Objectives — development of rational surgical tactics and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of acute cholecystitis and its complications in patients of different age groups, with different pathomorphological forms of acute cholecystitis. The result of treatment of 203 patients was presented: 75 (37,5%) were operated on an emergency basis, 73 (36,5%) urgently, and 52 (26%) in a deferred period. 173 (86.5%) patients were operated using laparoscopic technologies. Intraoperative cholangiography was performed in 16 (9,3%) patients during laparoscopic interventions. In 17 (8,5%) patients, “open” operations were performed. All patients underwent drainage of the abdominal cavity with one or more drains in view of the presence of peritonitis. The average duration of the preoperative period was 1.5 days, the total duration of treatment with LC was 4.5 days, and the total duration of treatment with OC was 10.8 days. So, in the early stages of the development of acute cholecystitis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is effective. The use of lifting systems for laparoscopic cholecystectomy is advisable in elderly and senile patients, with concomitant diseases of the heart and lungs.

scholarly journals A prospective study of outcome of double pigtail catheter drainage in the management of breast abscess: analysis of outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 3645
Author(s):  
Dinesh Prasad ◽  
Darshit Kalaria ◽  
Yogesh Satani
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Pigtail Catheter ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Catheter Drainage ◽  
Minimal Scarring ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Breast abscesses, localized collection of pus in the breast, are most common in young lactating women. Traditional treatment of breast abscesses is by surgical incision, digital disruption of septa, evacuation of contents with occasional placement of surgical drains, and administration of systemic antibiotics. Percutaneous large-bore needle aspiration with or without ultrasound guidance is generally employed as the first line treatment of breast abscesses. It is generally done for medium to large sized unilateral abscesses and requires repeated aspirations for complete resolution of the abscess cavity.Methods: We have conducted this prospective study at SMIMER Hospital, Surat, Gujarat, India from January 2020 to January 2021. After ethical approval a group of 25 patients with unilateral breast abscesses irrespective of the lactational status were treated by percutaneous double catheter drains inserted under ultrasound guidance under the effect of local anaesthesia and evaluated for 3 months.Results: The resultant cosmetic effect was good, with no reported recurrence on 3 month follow-up.Conclusions: Double pigtail catheter drainage in appropriately selected cases of beast abscess has superior outcome in compare to published result of other technique for drainage of beast abscess specially in minimal scarring, early resolution of abscess cavity and decreases in the total duration of treatment.

scholarly journals Satisfaction with Orthodontic Care Provided in a University Orthodontic Clinic

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Ioannis Lyros ◽  
Pavi Elpida ◽  
Apostolos I. Tsolakis ◽  
Makou Margarita ◽  
Kyriopoulos John
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
School Level ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Organisation Of Care ◽  
Telephone Interviews

Objective: To evaluate patients’ satisfaction with their orthodontic care at the Department of Orthodontics of University of Athens. Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised of 100 individuals whose orthodontic treatment had been completed during the period May to October 2010. A questionnaire was designed and piloted before the telephone interviews were carried out. Questions concerned socio-demographic characteristics, reason for seeking care at the Dental School, level of satisfaction with treatment outcome, fees paid for treatment, and various aspects of organisation of care provision, assessed on 1-very dissatisfied to 5-very satisfied Likert type items. Results: Satisfaction score was particularly high as far as treatment outcome (53% were “very satisfied” and 31% were “satisfied”), dentist’s response to an emergency (81% were “very satisfied”), and personnel’s behavior at initial examination (81% were “very satisfied”) were concerned. Factors appearing to require improvement were the waiting time from initial examination to the beginning of treatment, the waiting room and the duration of treatment. Overall satisfaction was found to be significantly associated with total duration of treatment, fees paid by patients, treatment outcome, the behaviour of personnel who conducted first clinical examination, and dentist’s response to an emergency. Overall satisfaction was confirmed as the vast majority of patients (97%) would recommend the Orthodontic Clinic. Conclusion: While the Orthodontics Clinic enjoys overall highly satisfied patients, there is scope for improvement of organizational aspects of care provision like the waiting time between the initial examination and the beginning of treatment, the waiting room and the duration of treatment.

The Application of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy with Installation in Diabetic Foot Associated with Phlegmon

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wachal ◽  
Krzysztof Szmyt ◽  
Magda Wachal ◽  
Michał Stanisic
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Tissue Necrosis ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Good General Condition ◽  
Artery Segment

AbstractThe negative pressure wound therapy in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers was used successfully for many years. In the case of complications associated with infection by this type of wound treatment to give very good results. From many years of sustained research on a device that could combine the advantages of the negative pressure wound therapy and drainage flow. Finally, in the last year, the first V.A.C. Ulta (KCI, USA) devices were included to the Polish hospital departments.In this paper we present a case of a patient of successfully using a negative pressure wound therapy with installation via a set of V.A.C. Ulta in the ischemic diabetic foot syndrome complicated by phlegmon and tissue necrosis. The patient was treated in stages. In first stage was performed angioplasty of critically stenosis of the superficial femoral artery segment. Secondly, the resection of the necrotic bone revised fingers and forefoot was conducted, and in the third step the negative pressure wound therapy with installation was used. Finally, the wound was closed by the intermediate thickness skin graft. The total duration of treatment was 21 days. The patient in good general condition with a completely healed wound was discharged. Currently, after the supply with orthopedic equipment, patient regained full mobility.

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