scholarly journals Ethanolic Extract ofButea monospermaLeaves Elevate Blood Insulin Level in Type 2 Diabetic Rats, Stimulate Insulin Secretion in Isolated Rat Islets, and Enhance Hepatic Glycogen Formation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Bin Samad ◽  
Ashraf Ul Kabir ◽  
Ninadh Malrina D'Costa ◽  
Farjana Akhter ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Antihyperglycemic Activity ◽  
Isolated Rat Islets ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Glycogen Formation ◽  
Isolated Rat

We measured a vast range of parameters, in an attempt to further elucidate previously claimed antihyperglycemic activity ofButea monosperma. Our study clearly negates the possibility of antidiabetic activity by inhibited gastrointestinal enzyme action or by reduced glucose absorption. Reduction of fasting and postprandial glucose level was reconfirmed (P<0.05). Improved serum lipid profile via reduced low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) was also reestablished (P<0.05). Significant insulin secretagogue activity ofB. monospermawas found in serum insulin assay ofB. monospermatreated type 2 diabetic rats (P<0.01). This was further ascertained by our study on insulin secretion on isolated rat islets (P<0.05). Improved sensitivity of glucose was shown by the significant increase in hepatic glycogen deposition (P<0.05). Hence, we concluded that antihyperglycemic activity ofB. monospermawas mediated by enhanced insulin secretion and enhanced glycogen formation in the liver.

scholarly journals Nigella sativa stimulates insulin secretion from isolated rat islets and inhibits the digestion and absorption of (CH2O)n in the gut

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M.A. Hannan ◽  
Prawej Ansari ◽  
Afra Haque ◽  
Afrina Sanju ◽  
Abir Huzaifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Rat Islets ◽  
Isolated Rat Islets ◽  
Carbohydrate Digestion ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Isolated Rat ◽  
Gi Motility

Abstract Nigella sativa seeds are traditionally reputed as possessing anti-diabetic properties. As a result, we aim to explore the mechanism of its anti-hyperglycemic activity. The present study uses various experimental designs including gastrointestinal (GI) motility, intestinal disaccharidase activity and inhibition of carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the gut. The animals used as type 2 diabetic models were induced with streptozotocin to make them as such. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed to confirm that the animals were indeed diabetic. The extract reduced postprandial glucose, suggesting it interfered with glucose absorption in the gut. It also improved glucose (2.5g/kg, b/w) tolerance in rats. Furthermore, treatment with N. sativa produced a significant improvement in GI motility, while reduced disaccharidase enzyme activity in fasted rats. The extract produced a similar effect within an acute oral sucrose (2.5g/kg, b/w) load assay. Following sucrose administration, a substantial amount of unabsorbed sucrose was found in six different parts of the GI tract. This indicates that N. sativa has the potentiality to liberate GI content and reduce or delay glucose absorption. A potential hypoglycemic activity of the extract found in insulin release assay, where the extract significantly improved insulin secretion from isolated rat islets. These concluded present findings give rise to the implication that N. sativa seeds are generating postprandial anti-hyperglycemic activity within type 2 diabetic animal models via reducing or delaying carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the gut as well as improving insulin secretion in response to the plasma glucose.

scholarly journals Sorbitol increases muscle glucose uptake ex vivo and inhibits intestinal glucose absorption ex vivo and in normal and type 2 diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Ifeanyi Chukwuma ◽  
Md. Shahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intestinal Glucose Absorption ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Isolated Rat

Previous studies have suggested that sorbitol, a known polyol sweetener, possesses glycemic control potentials. However, the effect of sorbitol on intestinal glucose absorption and muscle glucose uptake still remains elusive. The present study investigated the effects of sorbitol on intestinal glucose absorption and muscle glucose uptake as possible anti-hyperglycemic or glycemic control potentials using ex vivo and in vivo experimental models. Sorbitol (2.5% to 20%) inhibited glucose absorption in isolated rat jejuna (IC50= 14.6% ± 4.6%) and increased glucose uptake in isolated rat psoas muscle with (GU50= 3.5% ± 1.6%) or without insulin (GU50= 7.0% ± 0.5%) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, sorbitol significantly delayed gastric emptying, accelerated digesta transit, inhibited intestinal glucose absorption, and reduced blood glucose increase in both normoglycemic and type 2 diabetic rats after 1 h of coingestion with glucose. Data of this study suggest that sorbitol exhibited anti-hyperglycemic potentials, possibly via increasing muscle glucose uptake ex vivo and reducing intestinal glucose absorption in normal and type 2 diabetic rats. Hence, sorbitol may be further investigated as a possible anti-hyperglycemic sweetener.

Evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of Cocos nucifera Linn. on streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Naskar ◽  
Upal K. Mazumder ◽  
Goutam Pramanik ◽  
Malaya Gupta ◽  
R.B. Suresh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antihyperglycemic Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Acute regulation of pancreatic islet microcirculation and glycaemia by telmisartan and ramipril: discordant effects between normal and Type 2 diabetic rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 125 (9) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Olverling ◽  
Zhen Huang ◽  
Thomas Nyström ◽  
Åke Sjöholm
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Diabetic patients are often treated with an ACEi (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) or angiotensin receptor antagonist against hypertension or albuminuria. These drugs also have a positive impact on glucose tolerance, but the mechanism for this remains elusive. Hypothesizing a positive non-additive effect, we studied whether the angiotensin receptor antagonist telmisartan or the ACEi ramipril acutely influence insulin secretion and glycaemia in vivo in healthy and Type 2 diabetic rats through effects on islet blood perfusion. Telmisartan and ramipril were injected intravenously into anaesthetized non-diabetic Wistar rats or Type 2 diabetic GK (Goto–Kakizaki) rats. In non-diabetic Wistar rats, neither whole PBF (pancreatic blood flow) nor IBF (islet blood flow) were significantly influenced by telmisartan and ramipril, alone or in combination. Renal blood flow was enhanced significantly by telmisartan and ramipril when used in combination, whereas ABF (adrenal blood flow) was not affected by any of the drugs. Telmisartan and ramipril both significantly increased serum insulin levels, but did not influence glycaemia. In Type 2 diabetic GK rats, both whole PBF and IBF were significantly decreased by telmisartan and ramipril, but only when used in combination. Renal blood flow was enhanced significantly by telmisartan and ramipril alone, but not when used in combination, whereas ABF was not affected by any of the drugs. Telmisartan and ramipril both significantly decreased serum insulin levels, and non-additively elevated blood glucose levels. In conclusion, the present study suggests that a local pancreatic RAS (renin–angiotensin system), sensitive to acute administration of telmisartan and ramipril, controls pancreatic IBF and insulin secretion and thereby has an impact on glucose tolerance. Our findings indicate unexpected significant differences in the effects of these agents on islet microcirculation, in vivo insulin secretion and glycaemia between healthy and Type 2 diabetic rats.

Anti-inflammatory and insulin secretory activity in experimental type-2 diabetic rats treated orally with magnesium

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abayomi Oluwatosin Ige ◽  
Olanrewaju Amos Ajayi ◽  
Eunice Olufunke Adewoye
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
Experimental Type ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus causes low-grade chronic inflammation which leads to the development of long-term complications. Oral magnesium (Mg) intake amongst other effects was reported to reduce the levels of inflammatory markers. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and insulin secretory activities in experimental type-2 diabetic rats (n=32) orally treated with Mg. Methods Experimental type-2 diabetic rats were induced with high fat diet and alloxan (50 mg/kg, single i.p.) for over 10 weeks prior to the experimental procedures. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 equal groups: control, untreated experimental diabetics, and experimental diabetics treated orally with either metformin (Met) (250 mg/kg), or Mg (250 mg/kg), respectively, for 14 days. The blood glucose (BG) levels were monitored before experimental induction of diabetes and thereafter on days 1, 7, 10, and 14, respectively. Serum insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipid profile were assessed using laboratory kits while pancreatic beta cell function (BCF) and insulin resistance were estimated using homeostasis model assessment equations. Results Significant increase in the BG level was observed in all experimental diabetic groups on day 1 compared to controls. On day 14, BG, BCF, triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels were increased while the high-density lipoprotein level was reduced in untreated diabetics compared to other groups. Insulin and insulin resistance were increased in all groups compared to control. Serum insulin and IL-6 were reduced while CRP was elevated in diabetic treated groups (Met and Mg) compared to untreated diabetics. Conclusions This study shows a hypoglycemic, lipid regulatory, insulin stimulatory, and anti-inflammatory effect of oral Mg treatment in experimental type-2 diabetic rats.

The Therapeutic Role of Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene in Hyperlipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Yuan ◽  
Yongjian Liu ◽  
Tingting Sun ◽  
Yongping Xu ◽  
Jianhuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic
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