scholarly journals Technology Efficacy in Active Prosthetic Knees for Transfemoral Amputees: A Quantitative Evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M. El-Sayed ◽  
Nur Azah Hamzaid ◽  
Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Keyword(s):  
Sensory System ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Strategic Integration ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Prosthetic Knees ◽  
Transfemoral Prosthesis

Several studies have presented technological ensembles of active knee systems for transfemoral prosthesis. Other studies have examined the amputees’ gait performance while wearing a specific active prosthesis. This paper combined both insights, that is, a technical examination of the components used, with an evaluation of how these improved the gait of respective users. This study aims to offer a quantitative understanding of the potential enhancement derived from strategic integration of core elements in developing an effective device. The study systematically discussed the current technology in active transfemoral prosthesis with respect to its functional walking performance amongst above-knee amputee users, to evaluate the system’s efficacy in producing close-to-normal user performance. The performances of its actuator, sensory system, and control technique that are incorporated in each reported system were evaluated separately and numerical comparisons were conducted based on the percentage of amputees’ gait deviation from normal gait profile points. The results identified particular components that contributed closest to normal gait parameters. However, the conclusion is limitedly extendable due to the small number of studies. Thus, more clinical validation of the active prosthetic knee technology is needed to better understand the extent of contribution of each component to the most functional development.

Myoelectric Torque Control of an Active Transfemoral Prosthesis During Stair Ascent

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl D. Hoover ◽  
Kevin B. Fite ◽  
George D. Fulk ◽  
Donald W. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Control ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Motion Capture Data ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Joint Kinetics ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Stiffness And Damping ◽  
Transfemoral Prosthesis

This paper presents experimental results of a myoelectric impedance controller designed for reciprocal stair ascent with an active-knee powered transfemoral prosthesis. The controller is modeled from non-amputee (normal) motion capture data, estimating knee torque with a linear two-state (stance/swing) impedance control form that includes proportional myoelectric torque control. The normal gait model is characterized by small stiffness and damping in both stance and swing, a low angle set-point in stance, a high angle set-point in swing, and proportional myoelectric control in stance but not swing. Clinical tests with a single unilateral transfemoral amputee indicate good performance of the controller; however, subject feedback suggests a reduction in the extensive myoelectric torque parameter and the need for constant, balanced myoelectric torque parameters in both stance and swing. Average prosthesis knee joint kinetics from a stairwell test using the amputee-tuned controller compare favorably with non-amputee gait data.

ESTABLISHING THE NORMAL GAIT OF CHINESE YOUTH BASED ON THE PLANTAR PRESSURE TEST: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150038
Author(s):  
LONG-BIN SHEN ◽  
HUI OUYANG ◽  
YI-XUAN HUANG ◽  
RUI PAN ◽  
JIAN-LIANG LU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Chinese Youth ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
System Data

Objective: This study will measure the geometric and pressure centerlines of the foot’s plantar region in healthy Chinese youth to construct a gait norm. Methods: In the present experiment, 203 healthy college students and postgraduates (90 males and 113 females) were recruited as subjects. Their average age was [Formula: see text] years old, average height was [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm, and average weight was [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kg. A double-blind method was used in this experiment. The plantar pressure and gait parameters of time and space among subjects were tested using a gait and balance function-training evaluation system. Data were collected using five pressure-sensor plates, based on the distribution in the geometric and pressure centers of the foot’s plantar area, according to the calculation formula of biomechanics. Results: From 20 selected subjects, the experiment gathered a total of 197 data points from the plantar pressure during walking. The results defined the foot’s centerline of maximum pressure while walking and showed that the pressure and geometric centerlines tended to converge and overlap in normal youth, irrespective of gender. In addition, differences were found between the foot’s centerline of pressure and the geometric and pressure centerlines of the plantar. Conclusion: This study showed that the plantar’s pressure and geometric centerlines can be used as a reference to assess normal gait in Chinese youth.

Functional Results in Periacetabular Osteotomy: Is it Possible to Obtain a Normal Gait after the Surgery?

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydın Gahramanov ◽  
Fatma İnanıcı ◽  
Ömür Çağlar ◽  
Cemalettin Aksoy ◽  
Ahmet Mazhar Tokgözoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Periacetabular Osteotomy ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Dysplasia Of The Hip

Introduction Gait analysis is one of the poorly understood dimensions of the functional results obtained after periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) due to dysplasia of the hip. Materials and methods Spatiotemporal parameters as well as coronal and sagittal plane kinematics and moments were compared among three demographically similar groups of subjects: (i) 23 patients with excellent results according to the Harris Hip Score (HHS) (mean 6.6 years of follow-up); (ii) 12 patients with good and fair results according to the HHS (mean 9.3 years of follow-up); and (iii) 35 asymptomatic controls. Results 50% of the analysed sagittal plane kinematic parameters were significantly better (p<0.05) in the control group not only for the hip joint but also for the ipsilateral knee and ipsilateral ankle. A vast majority of the other evaluated gait parameters resulted similar among the groups (p>0.05). Conclusions In our experience, most of the gait parameters after PAO are close to those observed in control subjects; however, the obtained pattern cannot be classified as a completely normal gait. The excellence in terms of functional results seems not to be determined by the achievement of this theoretical goal.

scholarly journals Resource Interaction in Smallholder Farms is Linked to Farm Sustainability: Evidence from Indian Sundarbans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupak Goswami ◽  
Sonja Brodt ◽  
Sangita Patra ◽  
Purnabha Dasgupta ◽  
Biswanath Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farm Size ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Strategic Integration ◽  
Indian Sundarbans ◽  
Resource Interactions ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Farm Sustainability

Shrinking farm size and fragile farm resources pose a significant challenge to the sustainability of small-scale farms. Efficient resource utilization in small-scale farms is crucial to achieving farm sustainability through endogenous mechanisms. However, the precise mechanisms to integrate physical resources to achieve farm sustainability are not very clear yet. By capturing the interaction among farm resources as a network phenomenon, we identify the discrete resource interactions (RIs) in different types of small-scale farms of Indian Sundarbans, which are associated with higher farm sustainability. Thirty-two linkages, 11 reciprocal linkages, 22 triads, and three &lsquo;core elements&rsquo; that occurred and cooccurred on highly sustainable farms are found to be critical in achieving farm sustainability. Using the properties of resource interaction networks as explanators of farm sustainability, we anticipate that sustainability in small-scale farms can be achieved by strategically creating new RIs on the farm. However, there may be limitations to such achievement depending on the nature of RI and type of farm. The analytical approach helps to understand the structural basis of sustainability in small-scale farms, and this approach can be used to achieve farm sustainability through the strategic integration of existing farm resources in the smallholder systems.

scholarly journals Influence of speed on gait parameters and on symmetry in transtibial amputees

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Isakov ◽  
H. Burger ◽  
J. Krajnik ◽  
M. Gregoric ◽  
C. Marincek
Keyword(s):  
Heel Strike ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Gait Characteristics ◽  
Load Response ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
In Trans ◽  
High Level ◽  
Transtibial Amputees ◽  
Design Guidance

Normal gait is characterised by a high level of inter-leg symmetry of gait parameters. Therefore, efforts in rehabilitation of amputees are directed at the construction of a prosthesis which provides normal leg function and allows a more symmetrical gait. Analysis of the gait of trans-tibial amputees was performed when they were ambulating at their own freely selected speed and at a faster speed. The effect of speed on selected gait parameters in each leg was evaluated and the influence on symmetry established by comparing the inter-leg changes for each of the selected parameters. The faster gait trail affected significantly all temporal and distance parameters in both legs but not the level of symmetry between legs. At the faster speed, the hip angles at heel-strike and during swing and the knee angle during load response, in the normal leg, and the knee angle during swing in the amputated leg, all increased significantly. Speed of gait significantly affected symmetry between knee angles as reflected by the increased differences measured during load response (from 2.62 ±5.2 to 7.06 ±4.2 degrees) and during toe-off (from 1.80 ±7.4 to 9.50 ±9.1 degrees). Timing and sequence of selected gait events, as related to stride time, were not significantly affected by speed of gait. These results might contribute to a better understanding of gait characteristics in trans-tibial amputees and provide design guidance for prosthetic components.

scholarly journals Instrumented Wireless SmartInsole System for Mobile Gait Analysis: A Validation Pilot Study with Tekscan Strideway

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Arafsha ◽  
Christina Hanna ◽  
Ahmed Aboualmagd ◽  
Sarah Fraser ◽  
Abdulmotaleb El Saddik
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
The University ◽  
Double Support Time

A SmartInsoles Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is designed and implemented for the purpose of measuring gait parameters of multiple users in a restriction-free environment. This CPS comprises a master software installed on a computer and numerous multi-sensory health devices in the form of smart insoles. Each of these insoles contains 12 Force-Sensitive Resistor (FSR) sensors, an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), a WiFi-enabled microcontroller and a battery to power all components. A validation pilot study was completed in collaboration with the Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences at the University of Ottawa by performing 150 trials on 15 healthy subjects. Each subject performed 10 walks on the Tekscan Strideway gait mat system, while simultaneously wearing the designed SmartInsoles CPS. Spatiotemporal data for over 450 unique steps were collected by both systems. These data were analyzed carefully, and a thorough comparison was performed between the results from the two systems. Seven parameters were analyzed in this study: stride time, stance time, swing time, double support time, step time, cadence and gait time. Detailed results in the form of tables, scatterplots, histograms and Bland–Altman graphs were generated. Analysis of the results shows high agreement between the values of the two systems and suggests high accuracy of the implemented CPS as a multi-device, multi-sensory system for gait measurement and analysis.

scholarly journals The influence of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on accelerometric gait analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Joanna Golec ◽  
Krzysztof Wójcik ◽  
Agnieszka Bar ◽  
Elżbieta Szczygieł ◽  
Dorota Czechowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

ACL injuries – next to damage to the collateral ligaments, menisci of the knee – are the most common injuries of the knee joint and very often require surgical treatment. The main aim of the treatment is to restore normal gait pattern. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of reconstructed ACL on selected gait parameters by using an accelerometer system. The study involved 34 people aged 18-54 who were divided in two groups. The first group consisted of 20 people after ACL reconstruction, aged 19-54 years old (mean 29). The second group consisted of 14 healthy people between the age of 18-45 (mean 25.36). Gait analysis in normal and fast rate was performed using the CQMotion Electronik System, MEMS type. Differences in the results were observed in the first group. In 75% of people during normal walking and in 95% during fast walking, a 5% difference between the healthy limb and the limb after ACL reconstruction was observed. The gait rate had influence on acceleration value which was observed in RMS values in both of the groups. The RMS value was different, depending on the gait rate. Accelerometric gait analysis shows that the differences in comparing rate values between limbs are not so great, however, the gait pace has influence on some gait parameters. parameters.

Predicting spatial activity patterns in a neural map from a probabilistic atlas of 3-D reconstructed neurons

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 812-813
Author(s):  
G. Jacobs ◽  
F. Theunissen
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Probabilistic Atlas ◽  
Uniform Sample ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Visualization Techniques

In order to understand how the algorithms underlying neural computation are implemented within any neural system, it is necessary to understand details of the anatomy, physiology and global organization of the neurons from which the system is constructed. Information is represented in neural systems by patterns of activity that vary in both their spatial extent and in the time domain. One of the great challenges to microscopists is to devise methods for imaging these patterns of activity and to correlate them with the underlying neuroanatomy and physiology. We have addressed this problem by using a combination of three dimensional reconstruction techniques, quantitative analysis and computer visualization techniques to build a probabilistic atlas of a neural map in an insect sensory system. The principal goal of this study was to derive a quantitative representation of the map, based on a uniform sample of afferents that was of sufficient size to allow statistically meaningful analyses of the relationships between structure and function.

Deficits in Selective Attention Alter Gait in Frail Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Cornu ◽  
Jean-Paul Steinmetz ◽  
Carine Federspiel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Gait Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Task Conditions

Abstract. A growing body of research demonstrates an association between gait disorders, falls, and attentional capacities in older adults. The present work empirically analyzes differences in gait parameters in frail institutionalized older adults as a function of selective attention. Gait analysis under single- and dual-task conditions as well as selective attention measures were collected from a total of 33 nursing-home residents. We found that differences in selective attention performances were related to the investigated gait parameters. Poorer selective attention performances were associated with higher stride-to-stride variabilities and a slowing of gait speed under dual-task conditions. The present findings suggest a contribution of selective attention to a safe gait. Implications for gait rehabilitation programs are discussed.

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