scholarly journals Pentachlorophenol Degradation byJanibactersp., a New Actinobacterium Isolated from Saline Sediment of Arid Land

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel Khessairi ◽  
Imene Fhoula ◽  
Atef Jaouani ◽  
Yousra Turki ◽  
Ameur Cherif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Extreme Habitats

Many pentachlorophenol- (PCP-) contaminated environments are characterized by low or elevated temperatures, acidic or alkaline pH, and high salt concentrations. PCP-degrading microorganisms, adapted to grow and prosper in these environments, play an important role in the biological treatment of polluted extreme habitats. A PCP-degrading bacterium was isolated and characterized from arid and saline soil in southern Tunisia and was enriched in mineral salts medium supplemented with PCP as source of carbon and energy. Based on 16S rRNA coding gene sequence analysis, the strain FAS23 was identified asJanibactersp. As revealed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, FAS23 strain was found to be efficient for PCP removal in the presence of 1% of glucose. The conditions of growth and PCP removal by FAS23 strain were found to be optimal in neutral pH and at a temperature of 30°C. Moreover, this strain was found to be halotolerant at a range of 1–10% of NaCl and able to degrade PCP at a concentration up to 300 mg/L, while the addition of nonionic surfactant (Tween 80) enhanced the PCP removal capacity.

scholarly journals Bacteria Associated with Winter Wheat Degrade Fusarium Mycotoxins and Triazole Fungicide Residues

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1673
Author(s):  
Urszula Wachowska ◽  
Katarzyna Kucharska ◽  
Wioletta Pluskota ◽  
Sylwester Czaplicki ◽  
Kinga Stuper-Szablewska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fungicide Residues ◽  
Spike Disease ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is the most dangerous spike disease of wheat, and triazole fungicides are generally recommended for FHB control. Bacteria isolates obtained from wheat grain were identified as members of the genus Sphingomonas based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The degradation of propiconazole and trichothecenes was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Two field experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the biological treatment. All of the tested Sphingomonas isolates produced surfactin. Moreover, all strains were effective in degrading propiconazole and exhibited inhibitory effects on pathogens that cause FHB in wheat. Sphingomonas isolate S11 was selected for the field experiment because it inhibited the development of F. culmorum colonies in vitro by 48.80%, and degraded propiconazole in 15.13% after 48 h. The application of Sphingomonas S11 suspension during the growing season of winter wheat decreased the deoxynivalenol (DON) content of grain inoculated with F. culmorum more than 22-fold. Sphingomonas sp. strain S11 applied after fungicides also decreased the contamination of grain with fungi of the genus Fusarium and their mycotoxins. The analyzed bacteria can be potentially used to protect wheat against FHB pathogens, increase yields and improve grain quality by eliminating dangerous mycotoxins and propiconazole residues.

Dyadobacter soli sp. nov., a starch-degrading bacterium isolated from farm soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2577-2582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myungjin Lee ◽  
Sung-Geun Woo ◽  
Joonhong Park ◽  
Soon-Ae Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Low Levels

A Gram-negative, non-motile, aerobic bacterial strain, designated MJ20T, was isolated from farm soil near Daejeon (South Korea) and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain MJ20T belongs to the family Cytophagaceae, class Sphingobacteria, and was related most closely to Dyadobacter fermentans DSM 18053T (98.9 % sequence similarity), Dyadobacter beijingensis JCM 14200T (98.0 %) and Dyadobacter ginsengisoli KCTC 12589T (96.4 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain MJ20T was 48.5 mol%. The detection of MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and a fatty acid profile with summed feature 4 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1 ω5c as major components supported the affiliation of strain MJ20T to the genus Dyadobacter. The new isolate exhibited relatively low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness with respect to D. fermentans DSM 18053T (mean±sd of three determinations, 47±7 %) and D. beijingensis JCM 14200T (38±8 %). On the basis of its phenotypic and genotypic properties together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain MJ20T (=KCTC 22481T =JCM 16232T) should be classified in the genus Dyadobacter as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Dyadobacter soli sp. nov. is proposed.

scholarly journals Purification, Stability, and Mineralization of 3-Hydroxy-2- Formylbenzothiophene, a Metabolite of Dibenzothiophene

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 821-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Bressler ◽  
Phillip M. Fedorak
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Mixed Microbial Culture ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Degrading Bacterium

ABSTRACT 3-Hydroxy-2-formylbenzothiophene (HFBT) is a metabolite found in many bacterial cultures that degrade dibenzothiophene (DBT) via the Kodama pathway. The fate of HFBT in cultures and in the environment is unknown. In this study, HFBT was produced by a DBT-degrading bacterium and purified by sublimation. When stored in organic solvent or as a crystal, the HFBT slowly decomposed, yielding colored products. Two of these were identified as thioindigo and cis-thioindigo. The supernatant of the DBT-degrading culture contained thioindigo, which has not been reported previously as a product of DBT biodegradation. In mineral salts medium, HFBT was sufficiently stable to allow biodegradation studies with a mixed microbial culture over a 3- to 4-week period. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses showed that HFBT was removed from the medium. 2-Mercaptophenylglyoxalate, detected as benzothiophene-2,3-dione, was found in an HFBT-degrading mixed culture, and the former appears to be a metabolite of HFBT. This mixed culture also mineralized HFBT to CO2.

scholarly journals Lysinibacillus cresolivorans sp. nov., an m-cresol-degrading bacterium isolated from coking wastewater treatment aerobic sludge

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 4250-4255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Ren ◽  
Shao-yi Chen ◽  
Hai-yan Yao ◽  
Liu-jie Deng
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Aerobic Treatment ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Aerobic Sludge

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming bacterium (designated strain SC03T) was isolated from the aerobic treatment sludge of a coking plant (Shaoguan City, China). The optimal pH and temperature for growth were pH 7.0 and 35 °C. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain SC03T was related to the genus Lysinibacillus and the similarity between strain SC03T and the most closely related type strain, Lysinibacillus macroides LMG 18474T, was 94.4 %. The genomic G+C content of the DNA of strain SC03T was 41.2 mol%. Chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain SC03T to the genus Lysinibacillus. These properties include MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone; iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as major fatty acids; A4α (l-Lys–d-Asp) as the cell-wall peptidoglycan type; and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine plus three unknown phospholipids as polar lipids. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characters enable the differentiation of strain SC03T from recognized Lysinibacillus species. Thus, strain SC03T represents a novel species of the genus Lysinibacillus, for which the name Lysinibacillus cresolivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SC03T ( = NRRL B-59352T = CCTCC M 208210T).

scholarly journals Characterization of Pseudoalteromonas distincta-like sea-water isolates and description of Pseudoalteromonas aliena sp. nov.

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1431-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena P. Ivanova ◽  
Nataliya M. Gorshkova ◽  
Natalia V. Zhukova ◽  
Anatolii M. Lysenko ◽  
Elena A. Zelepuga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis

Seven melanogenic Pseudoalteromonas distincta-like strains, KMM 3562T, KMM 3536, KMM 3537, KMM 3538, KMM 3539, KMM 3615 and KMM 3629, which expressed tyrosinases were isolated from sea-water samples collected from different locations in Amursky Bay (Sea of Japan, Pacific Ocean) and characterized to clarify their taxonomic position. By 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the bacteria were shown to belong to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. The G+C content of the DNAs of the strains was 41–43 mol%. The level of DNA similarity among these strains was conspecific (92–97 %), indicating that they represented a single genospecies. However, DNA from the strains isolated from sea water showed only 63–65 % genetic relatedness with the DNA of the type strain P. distincta. The novel organisms grew mainly between 4 and 30 °C, were neutrophilic and slightly halophilic (four strains had a narrow range of growth between 3 and 6 % NaCl, w/v), were haemolytic and cytotoxic and were able to degrade starch, gelatin and Tween 80. The predominant fatty acids, including 16 : 0, 16 : 1ω7, 17 : 1ω7 and 18 : 1ω7, were typical of the genus Pseudolateromonas. The phylogenetic, genetic and physiological properties of the seven strains placed them within a novel species, Pseudoalteromonas aliena sp. nov., the type strain of which is SW19T (=KMM 3562T=LMG 22059T).

scholarly journals Sphingobium aromaticiconvertens sp. nov., a xenobiotic-compound-degrading bacterium from polluted river sediment

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf-Michael Wittich ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Busse ◽  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
Marja Tiirola ◽  
Monika Wieser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
River Elbe

A bacterial strain capable of degrading some monochlorinated dibenzofurans, designated RW16T, was isolated from aerobic River Elbe sediments. The strain was characterized based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, DNA G+C content, physiological characteristics, polyamines, ubiquinone and polar lipid pattern and fatty acid composition. This analysis revealed that strain RW16T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingobium. The DNA G+C content of strain RW16T, 60.7 mol%, is the lowest yet reported for the genus. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed strain RW16T as an outlier in the genus Sphingobium. The name Sphingobium aromaticiconvertens sp. nov. is proposed for this dibenzofuran-mineralizing organism, with type strain RW16T (=DSM 12677T=CIP 109198T).

scholarly journals Cloacibacillus porcorum sp. nov., a mucin-degrading bacterium from the swine intestinal tract and emended description of the genus Cloacibacillus

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1960-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Looft ◽  
U. Y. Levine ◽  
T. B. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Curved Rods

A novel anaerobic, mesophilic, amino-acid-fermenting bacterium, designated strain CL-84T, was isolated from the swine intestinal tract on mucin-based media. Cells were curved rods (0.8–1.2×3.5–5.0 µm), stained Gram-negative and were non-motile with no evidence of spores. Strain CL-84T produced acetate, propionate, formate and butyrate as the end products of metabolism when grown on serine. Optimum growth occurred at 39 °C and pH 6.5. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 and C16 : 0, distinguishing strain CL-84T from closely related species. The DNA G+C content of strain CL-84T was 55.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain CL-84T shared 90–95 % similarity with characterized genera within the phylum Synergistetes , family Synergistaceae . Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CL-84T was related to, but distinct from, Cloacibacillus evryensis . Based on these findings, we propose that strain CL-84T represents a novel species of the genus Cloacibacillus . We further propose the name Cloacibacillus porcorum sp. nov. be designated for this species. The type strain is CL-84T ( = DSM 25858T = CCUG 62631T). An emended description of the genus Cloacibacillus is provided.

ALCOA 351 SUPRACAST

Alloy Digest ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Aluminum Silicon

Abstract Alcoa 351 SupraCast is a heat-treatable aluminum-silicon-copper alloy that also contains small amounts of magnesium, manganese, vanadium, and zirconium. It is designed for components exposed to elevated temperatures in high performance engines. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Al-466. Producer or source: Alcoa Corporation.

BERYLCO 25S

Alloy Digest ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Wear And Corrosion ◽  
Resistance To Wear

Abstract Berylco 25S alloy is the high-performance beryllium-copper spring material of 2 percent nominal beryllium content. It responds to precipitation-hardening for maximum mechanical properties. It has high elastic and endurance strength, good electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent resistance to wear and corrosion, high corrosion-fatigue strength, good resistance to moderately elevated temperatures, and no embrittlement or loss of normal ductility at subzero temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-3. Producer or source: Beryllium Corporation.

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