scholarly journals Towards the Automated Analysis and Database Development of Defibrillator Data from Cardiac Arrest

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trygve Eftestøl ◽  
Lawrence D. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Minimal Set ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Sequence Representation ◽  
Available Information

Background.During resuscitation of cardiac arrest victims a variety of information in electronic format is recorded as part of the documentation of the patient care contact and in order to be provided for case review for quality improvement. Such review requires considerable effort and resources. There is also the problem of interobserver effects.Objective.We show that it is possible to efficiently analyze resuscitation episodes automatically using a minimal set of the available information.Methods and Results.A minimal set of variables is defined which describe therapeutic events (compression sequences and defibrillations) and corresponding patient response events (annotated rhythm transitions). From this a state sequence representation of the resuscitation episode is constructed and an algorithm is developed for reasoning with this representation and extract review variables automatically. As a case study, the method is applied to the data abstraction process used in the King County EMS. The automatically generated variables are compared to the original ones with accuracies≥90%for 18 variables and≥85%for the remaining four variables.Conclusions.It is possible to use the information present in the CPR process data recorded by the AED along with rhythm and chest compression annotations to automate the episode review.

scholarly journals Techniques for Mitigating the Effects of Smoke Taint While Maintaining Quality in Wine Production: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1672
Author(s):  
Ysadora A. Mirabelli-Montan ◽  
Matteo Marangon ◽  
Antonio Graça ◽  
Christine M. Mayr Marangon ◽  
Kerry L. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Global Perspective ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Initial Severity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Available Information

Smoke taint has become a prominent issue for the global wine industry as climate change continues to impact the length and extremity of fire seasons around the world. Although the issue has prompted a surge in research on the subject in recent years, no singular solution has yet been identified that is capable of maintaining the quality of wine made from smoke-affected grapes. In this review, we summarize the main research on smoke taint, the key discoveries, as well as the prevailing uncertainties. We also examine methods for mitigating smoke taint in the vineyard, in the winery, and post production. We assess the effectiveness of remediation methods (proposed and actual) based on available research. Our findings are in agreement with previous studies, suggesting that the most viable remedies for smoke taint are still the commercially available activated carbon fining and reverse osmosis treatments, but that the quality of the final treated wines is fundamentally dependent on the initial severity of the taint. In this review, suggestions for future studies are introduced for improving our understanding of methods that have thus far only been preliminarily investigated. We select regions that have already been subjected to severe wildfires, and therefore subjected to smoke taint (particularly Australia and California) as a case study to inform other wine-producing countries that will likely be impacted in the future and suggest specific data collection and policy implementation actions that should be taken, even in countries that have not yet been impacted by smoke taint. Ultimately, we streamline the available information on the topic of smoke taint, apply it to a global perspective that considers the various stakeholders involved, and provide a launching point for further research on the topic.

Lesions along the upper motor neuronal pathway with locked-in features after lightning strike and cardiac arrest: A case-review analysis

Brain Injury ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303
Author(s):  
Susanne Abdulla ◽  
Anton Conrad ◽  
Karl-Peter Schwemm ◽  
Mark P. Stienstra ◽  
Edward L. Gorsselink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Neuronal Pathway

scholarly journals Improved Process Monitoring Scheme Using Multi-Scale Independent Component Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Ramakrishna Kini ◽  
Muddu Madakyaru
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Independent Component Analysis ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Independent Component ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Non Gaussian

AbstractThe task of fault detection is crucial in modern chemical industries for improved product quality and process safety. In this regard, data-driven fault detection (FD) strategy based on independent component analysis (ICA) has gained attention since it improves monitoring by capturing non-gaussian features in the process data. However, presence of measurement noise in the process data degrades performance of the FD strategy since the noise masks important information. To enhance the monitoring under noisy environment, wavelet-based multi-scale filtering is integrated with the ICA model to yield a novel multi-scale Independent component analysis (MSICA) FD strategy. One of the challenges in multi-scale ICA modeling is to choose the optimum decomposition depth. A novel scheme based on ICA model parameter estimation at each depth is proposed in this paper to achieve this. The effectiveness of the proposed MSICA-based FD strategy is illustrated through three case studies, namely: dynamic multi-variate process, quadruple tank process and distillation column process. In each case study, the performance of the MSICA FD strategy is assessed for different noise levels by comparing it with the conventional FD strategies. The results indicate that the proposed MSICA FD strategy can enhance performance for higher levels of noise in the data since multi-scale wavelet-based filtering is able to de-noise and capture efficient information from noisy process data.

scholarly journals Selecting Optimal Combination of Data Channels for Semantic Segmentation in City Information Modelling (CIM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1367
Author(s):  
Yuanzhi Cai ◽  
Hong Huang ◽  
Kaiyang Wang ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Lei Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Redundant Data ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Efficient Data

Over the last decade, a 3D reconstruction technique has been developed to present the latest as-is information for various objects and build the city information models. Meanwhile, deep learning based approaches are employed to add semantic information to the models. Studies have proved that the accuracy of the model could be improved by combining multiple data channels (e.g., XYZ, Intensity, D, and RGB). Nevertheless, the redundant data channels in large-scale datasets may cause high computation cost and time during data processing. Few researchers have addressed the question of which combination of channels is optimal in terms of overall accuracy (OA) and mean intersection over union (mIoU). Therefore, a framework is proposed to explore an efficient data fusion approach for semantic segmentation by selecting an optimal combination of data channels. In the framework, a total of 13 channel combinations are investigated to pre-process data and the encoder-to-decoder structure is utilized for network permutations. A case study is carried out to investigate the efficiency of the proposed approach by adopting a city-level benchmark dataset and applying nine networks. It is found that the combination of IRGB channels provide the best OA performance, while IRGBD channels provide the best mIoU performance.

scholarly journals Comparative Life Cycle Impact Assessment between the Productions of Zinc from Conventional Concentrates Versus Waelz Oxides Obtained from Slags

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Voicu-Teodor Muica ◽  
Alexandru Ozunu ◽  
Zoltàn Török
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Impact Assessment ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Zinc Metal ◽  
Real Process ◽  
Life Cycle Impact

(1) Background: The importance of Zinc in today’s world can hardly be exaggerated—from anticorrosion properties, to its durability, aesthetic, and even medicinal uses—zinc is ever-present in our daily lives ever since its discovery in ancient times. The natural, essential, durable, and recyclable features of zinc make it a prized material with uses in many applications across a wide array of fields. The purpose of this study was to compare two life cycle impact assessments of zinc production by using two different main raw materials: (A) zinc concentrates (sulfide ore) and (B) Waelz oxides (obtained through recycling existing imperial smelting process furnace slags). The Waelz oxide scenario was based on a case study regarding the existing slag deposit located in Copsa Mica town, Sibiu county, Romania. (2) Methods: consequential life cycle impact assessment methods were applied to each built system, with real process data obtained from the case study enterprise. (3) Results: Overall, the use of slags in the Waelz kiln to produce zinc oxides for use in the production of zinc metal is beneficial to the environment in some areas (acidification, water, and terrestrial eutrophication), whereas in other areas it has a slightly larger impact (climate change, photochemical ozone formation, and ozone depletion). (4) Conclusions: The use of slags (considered a waste) is encouraged to produce zinc metal, where available. The results are not absolute, suggesting the further need for fine-tuning the input data and other process parameters.

scholarly journals Biological Risk in Italian Prisons: From the COVID-19 Management to the Development of a Standardized Model for Emergency Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10353
Author(s):  
Cristiano Franchi ◽  
Ezio Giacalone ◽  
Daniele Di Giovanni ◽  
Stefania Moramarco ◽  
Mariachiara Carestia
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
National Standards ◽  
General Description ◽  
Detention Facility ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
Available Information

Within the confinements of critical infrastructures, the COVID-19 pandemic is posing a series of challenges to Health Management. In the spotlight of highly contagious and quick spreading diseases within such enclosed facilities, whether it be a detention facility or otherwise, the health and safety of those living within its internment is paramount. This paper aims to highlight the specific challenges and the possible solutions to counteract this problem, starting from the lessons learnt from the Italian prison system case study. Following the general description of the available resources within the Italian prisons, the study aimed at specifically describing the first counteracting measures deployed by the Italian prison authorities during the first phase of the COVID-19 outbreak (February–July 2020). The aim was to propose an integrated plan capable of responding to a biological threat within the prisons. In particular, the study describes the actions and technical features that, in accordance with national and international legal frameworks and the relevant organisational bodies that run the Italian Prison Service, had been adopted in managing, right from the start, the COVID-19 pandemic until Summer 2020. Available information and data showed the ability of the prison administration to comply almost completely with WHO’s technical and human rights recommendations and also, in successfully handling prison emergencies both in terms of the sick and the deceased in line with the epidemiological framework of the general population. In addition, the paper proposes a draft of guidelines that should involve the National Health Service and the Prison Service that are aimed at supporting the local prison facilities with drawing up their own biological incident contingency plans. An approved, legal, standardised plan could increase the awareness of prison managers. It could even increase their self-confidence, in particular, with regard to cases of dispute and their ability to respond to them. In fact, it is valuable and forward-thinking to be able to demonstrate that every endeavour has been taken and that ‘certified’ best practices have been put in place in accordance with the national standards.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of the Factors Affecting Academic Achievement of Undergraduate Students A Case Study of Faculty of Arts and Science Kufrah -Benghazi University

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Muna H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Family Learning ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Difference Test

This study examined the factors affecting the academic achievement of undergraduate students at the faculty of Arts and Science Kufrah -Benghazi University as a case study. This study seeks to identify and analyze some determining factors that influence students' academic achievement in the study area. Four factors namely: psychological, family, learning facilities, and economic; were considered. The sample was randomly selected from the study population. A questionnaire was administered to 240 (90 males,150 females) students as a sample of this study. The responses of the students were analyzed to meet the objectives of the study using (SPSS) and displayed in forms and tables. After collecting the required data on the variables of the study, they were encoded to be entered into the computer to extract the statistical results. Statistical methods within the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) were used to process data obtained by the field study of the sample. To analyze the data mean difference test is used. Results of arithmetic means of the psychological, family, learning facilities, and economic factors were medium. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences in the factors affecting academic achievement among the participants due to some demographic factors such as gender and marital status. following recommendations were made; provide proper learning facilities to the students and also improve the environment of the faculty. Furthermore, the students would perform well if they are properly guided by both their parents and teachers.

scholarly journals Stencil control in the automatic insertion of a PIM Company

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 417-440
Author(s):  
Cláudio César Vasconcelos Barros ◽  
Jonas Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Qr Code ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Bar Code ◽  
Ishikawa Diagram ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Quality Tools ◽  
A Company ◽  
Computerized System

The article evaluated the control of Stencil in the subprocess of Printing of the SMD line of a company located in the Industrial Pole of Manaus (PIM), to provide subsidies to develop a computerized system. With computerization, the focus of employees will be directed to the activities of production and quality of manufactured products, also, the collection of process data, done in real-time, will allow managers to better monitor and take actions in the process. To this end, a case study, bibliographic research of articles, dissertations, and theses involving the theme, and documentary research (forms, records, etc.) with the sectors involved were used. The descriptive statistics method was applied, quality tools were used, aimed at identifying and solving problems such as PDCA, Pareto, Ishikawa Diagram, flow chart, and 5W2H. A study of the activities related to the control of the Stencil was carried out, of the documentation used in the process, as well as of the factors and causes related to the effective Stencil control. Among the results, 24 causes affect the performance of the Stencil control, concluding that the main failures were human, due to the prioritization of production goals by the employees, leaving the other activities in the background, which is why the 24 guidelines proposed for the computerization of this process become relevant, some of which are: defining means to identify each Stencil using a bar code or QR code; do not allow the use of the Stencil if one of the activities unfinished in the process; stop production when an activity is not performed; digitize the documents used in this process; create an automatic notification to those responsible, when an action is necessary, etc.

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