scholarly journals A Machine Learning Approach for Specification of Spinal Cord Injuries Using Fractional Anisotropy Values Obtained from Diffusion Tensor Images

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunheang Tay ◽  
Jung Keun Hyun ◽  
Sejong Oh
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Images ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Extracellular Structures ◽  
Echo Planar

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) uses in vivo images that describe extracellular structures by measuring the diffusion of water molecules. These images capture axonal movement and orientation using echo-planar imaging and provide critical information for evaluating lesions and structural damage in the central nervous system. This information can be used for prediction of Spinal Cord Injuries (SCIs) and for assessment of patients who are recovering from such injuries. In this paper, we propose a classification scheme for identifying healthy individuals and patients. In the proposed scheme, a dataset is first constructed from DTI images, after which the constructed dataset undergoes feature selection and classification. The experiment results show that the proposed scheme aids in the diagnosis of SCIs.

scholarly journals Fast diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of the whole cervical spinal cord using point spread function corrected echo planar imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Lundell ◽  
Dorothy Barthelemy ◽  
Fin Biering-Sørensen ◽  
Julien Cohen-Adad ◽  
Jens Bo Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Point Spread Function ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Fast Diffusion ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Point Spread ◽  
Spread Function ◽  
Echo Planar

scholarly journals Spontaneous acute and chronic spinal cord injuries in paraplegic dogs: a comparative study of in vivo diffusion tensor imaging

Spinal Cord ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1108-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Wang-Leandro ◽  
M K Hobert ◽  
N Alisauskaite ◽  
P Dziallas ◽  
K Rohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Diffusion Tensor

In vivo echo-planar imaging of rat spinal cord

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1249-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Fenyes ◽  
Ponnada A. Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Echo Planar Imaging ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Echo Planar

scholarly journals Targeted axonal import (TAxI) peptide delivers functional proteins into spinal cord motor neurons after peripheral administration

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 2514-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew L. Sellers ◽  
Jamie M. Bergen ◽  
Russell N. Johnson ◽  
Heidi Back ◽  
John M. Ravits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
Administration Routes ◽  
Macromolecular Drugs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Potential

A significant unmet need in treating neurodegenerative disease is effective methods for delivery of biologic drugs, such as peptides, proteins, or nucleic acids into the central nervous system (CNS). To date, there are no operative technologies for the delivery of macromolecular drugs to the CNS via peripheral administration routes. Using an in vivo phage-display screen, we identify a peptide, targeted axonal import (TAxI), that enriched recombinant bacteriophage accumulation and delivered protein cargo into spinal cord motor neurons after intramuscular injection. In animals with transected peripheral nerve roots, TAxI delivery into motor neurons after peripheral administration was inhibited, suggesting a retrograde axonal transport mechanism for delivery into the CNS. Notably, TAxI-Cre recombinase fusion proteins induced selective recombination and tdTomato-reporter expression in motor neurons after intramuscular injections. Furthermore, TAxI peptide was shown to label motor neurons in the human tissue. The demonstration of a nonviral-mediated delivery of functional proteins into the spinal cord establishes the clinical potential of this technology for minimally invasive administration of CNS-targeted therapeutics.

scholarly journals Biomaterial Approaches to Modulate Reactive Astroglial Response

2018 ◽  
Vol 205 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 372-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Zuidema ◽  
Ryan J. Gilbert ◽  
Manoj K. Gottipati
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Glial Scar ◽  
Secondary Injury ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Preclinical Animal Models

Over several decades, biomaterial scientists have developed materials to spur axonal regeneration and limit secondary injury and tested these materials within preclinical animal models. Rarely, though, are astrocytes examined comprehensively when biomaterials are placed into the injury site. Astrocytes support neuronal function in the central nervous system. Following an injury, astrocytes undergo reactive gliosis and create a glial scar. The astrocytic glial scar forms a dense barrier which restricts the extension of regenerating axons through the injury site. However, there are several beneficial effects of the glial scar, including helping to reform the blood-brain barrier, limiting the extent of secondary injury, and supporting the health of regenerating axons near the injury site. This review provides a brief introduction to the role of astrocytes in the spinal cord, discusses astrocyte phenotypic changes that occur following injury, and highlights studies that explored astrocyte changes in response to biomaterials tested within in vitro or in vivo environments. Overall, we suggest that in order to improve biomaterial designs for spinal cord injury applications, investigators should more thoroughly consider the astrocyte response to such designs.

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