scholarly journals Performance of Water-Based Liquid Scintillator: An Independent Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Beznosko ◽  
A. Batyrkhanov ◽  
A. Duspayev ◽  
A. Iakovlev ◽  
M. Yessenov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Scintillation Light ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Measurement Analysis ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Large Water

The water-based liquid scintillator (WbLS) is a new material currently under development. It is based on the idea of dissolving the organic scintillator in water using special surfactants. This material strives to achieve the novel detection techniques by combining the Cerenkov rings and scintillation light, as well as the total cost reduction compared to pure liquid scintillator (LS). The independent light yield measurement analysis for the light yield measurements using three different proton beam energies (210 MeV, 475 MeV, and 2000 MeV) for water, two different WbLS formulations (0.4% and 0.99%), and pure LS conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA, is presented. The results show that a goal of ~100 optical photons/MeV, indicated by the simulation to be an optimal light yield for observing both the Cerenkov ring and the scintillation light from the proton decay in a large water detector, has been achieved.

scholarly journals Characterization of water-based liquid scintillator for Cherenkov and scintillation separation

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Caravaca ◽  
B. J. Land ◽  
M. Yeh ◽  
G. D. Orebi Gann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Scintillation Light ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Simple Extrapolation

AbstractThis paper presents measurements of the scintillation light yield and time profile for a number of concentrations of water-based liquid scintillator, formulated from linear alkylbenzene (LAB) and 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO). We find that the scintillation light yield is linear with the concentration of liquid scintillator in water between 1 and 10% with a slope of $$127.9\pm 17.0$$ 127.9 ± 17.0 ph/MeV/concentration and an intercept value of $$108.3\pm 51.0$$ 108.3 ± 51.0 ph/MeV, the latter being illustrative of non-linearities with concentration at values less than 1%. This is larger than expected from a simple extrapolation of the pure liquid scintillator light yield. The measured time profiles are consistently faster than that of pure liquid scintillator, with rise times less than 250 ps and prompt decay constants in the range of 2.1–2.85 ns. Additionally, the separation between Cherenkov and scintillation light is quantified using cosmic muons in the CHESS experiment for each formulation, demonstrating an improvement in separation at the centimeter scale. Finally, we briefly discuss the prospects for large-scale detectors.

scholarly journals PROSPECT – A precision reactor oscillation and spectrum experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 2060001
Author(s):  
N. S. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Reactor Antineutrino

PROSPECT is a reactor antineutrino experiment whose primary goals are to search for short-baseline neutrino oscillations and perform a precise measurement of the [Formula: see text]U reactor antineutrino energy spectrum. Since March 2018, PROSPECT has operated a 4 ton antineutrino detector less than 10 m from the 85 MW High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Operating in this environment with tight space constraints and limited overburden to attenuate cosmic ray backgrounds is a significant technical challenge. The PROSPECT detector design uses efficient optical segmentation and a 6Li-doped liquid scintillator with good light yield and pulse-shape discrimination properties to achieve excellent energy reconstruction and background rejection in a compact, space efficient system. Initial results from PROSPECT have demonstrated the ability to detect 100 s of antineutrino events per day with good signal-to-background in this aboveground location and perform precise measurements of the HFIR antineutrino energy spectrum.

Measurements of Scintillation Light Yield Non-proportionality in NaI(Tl) Detector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahinur Rahman ◽  
Wayne D. Hutchison ◽  
Lindsey Bignell ◽  
Gregory Lane ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Recoil Energy ◽  
Detector Response ◽  
Scintillation Light ◽  
Coincidence Technique ◽  
Background Rejection ◽  
Ionization Density ◽  
Background Events

Abstract The SABRE (Sodium-iodide with Active Background Rejection) experiment consists of 50 kg of ultrapure NaI(Tl) crystal contained within a 10.5 ton liquid scintillator (LS) veto detector, and will search for dark matter interactions in the inner NaI(Tl) detector. The relative scintillation light yield in NaI(Tl) scintillator for different incident particle energies is not constant and is important for characterizing the detector response. The relative scintillation light yield in two different NaI(Tl) scintillators was measured with a 10 µCi 137Cs radioactive source using the Compton coincidence technique (CCT) for scattering angles 30? - 135? using electron energies ranging from 60 to 500 keVee, and these measurements are compared to the previously published results. Light yield was proportional within 3.5% at energies between 60 and 500 keVee, but non-proportionality increases drastically below 60 keVee which might be due to the non-uniform ionization density and multiple Compton scattering background events in the scintillator. An improved experimental setup with ultrapure NaI(Tl) scintillator and proper coincidence timing of radioactive events could allow scintillation light yield measurement at lower electron recoil energy. The obtained light yield non-proportionality results will be useful for the SABRE dark matter detector experiment.

Scintillation detectors

2020 ◽  
pp. 499-542
Author(s):  
Hermann Kolanoski ◽  
Norbert Wermes
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Scintillation Detectors ◽  
Scintillation Light ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Application Field ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Organic Scintillators

The detection of scintillation light, which is generated when an ionising particle passes certain media or when radiation is absorbed, belongs to the oldest detection techniques. Scintillation detectors are read out electronically by employing the photon detectors described in a previous chapter. Scintillators are either made of organic or of inorganic materials (crystals) with essential differences of their properties and application field. For both scintillation mechanisms, the light yield and the time dependence of the signals are explained and the specific application areas pointed out. Typical assemblies of scintillation detectors are presented which include organic scintillators as trigger and timing counters, scintillating fibres for tracking and calorimetry and inorganic crystal arrangements for calorimetry.

scholarly journals JUNO sensitivity to low energy atmospheric neutrino spectra

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Abusleme ◽  
Thomas Adam ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Rizwan Ahmed ◽  
Sebastiano Aiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrino ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Neutrino Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrinos ◽  
Scintillation Light ◽  
Light Pattern

AbstractAtmospheric neutrinos are one of the most relevant natural neutrino sources that can be exploited to infer properties about cosmic rays and neutrino oscillations. The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment, a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector with excellent energy resolution is currently under construction in China. JUNO will be able to detect several atmospheric neutrinos per day given the large volume. A study on the JUNO detection and reconstruction capabilities of atmospheric $$\nu _e$$ ν e  and $$\nu _\mu $$ ν μ  fluxes is presented in this paper. In this study, a sample of atmospheric neutrino Monte Carlo events has been generated, starting from theoretical models, and then processed by the detector simulation. The excellent timing resolution of the 3” PMT light detection system of JUNO detector and the much higher light yield for scintillation over Cherenkov allow to measure the time structure of the scintillation light with very high precision. Since $$\nu _e$$ ν e  and $$\nu _\mu $$ ν μ  interactions produce a slightly different light pattern, the different time evolution of light allows to discriminate the flavor of primary neutrinos. A probabilistic unfolding method has been used, in order to infer the primary neutrino energy spectrum from the detector experimental observables. The simulated spectrum has been reconstructed between 100 MeV and 10 GeV, showing a great potential of the detector in the atmospheric low energy region.

scholarly journals MeV-scale performance of water-based and pure liquid scintillator detectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Land ◽  
Z. Bagdasarian ◽  
J. Caravaca ◽  
M. Smiley ◽  
M. Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Scintillator Detectors

Chemical and orientational imaging of polymeric samples

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
H. Ade ◽  
B. Hsiao ◽  
G. Mitchell ◽  
E. Rightor ◽  
A. P. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Polymeric Samples ◽  
X Ray Absorption

We have used the Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscope at beamline X1A (X1-STXM) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) to acquire high resolution, chemical and orientation sensitive images of polymeric samples as well as point spectra from 0.1 μm areas. This sensitivity is achieved by exploiting the X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) of the carbon K edge. One of the most illustrative example of the chemical sensitivity achievable is provided by images of a polycarbonate/pol(ethylene terephthalate) (70/30 PC/PET) blend. Contrast reversal at high overall contrast is observed between images acquired at 285.36 and 285.69 eV (Fig. 1). Contrast in these images is achieved by exploring subtle differences between resonances associated with the π bonds (sp hybridization) of the aromatic groups of each polymer. PET has a split peak associated with these aromatic groups, due to the proximity of its carbonyl groups to its aromatic rings, whereas PC has only a single peak.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document