scholarly journals Assessment of Tritium Activity in Groundwater at the Nuclear Objects Sites in Lithuania

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Vigilija Cidzikienė ◽  
Vaidotė Jakimavičiūtė-Maselienė ◽  
Raselė Girgždienė ◽  
Jonas Mažeika ◽  
Rimantas Petrošius
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Tritium Activity ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
Groundwater Characterization ◽  
Main Factor

The assessment of nuclear objects sites in Lithuania, including groundwater characterization, took place in the last few years. Tritium activity in groundwater is a very useful tool for determining how groundwater systems function. Natural and artificial tritium was measured in 8 wells in different layers (from 1.5 to 15 meters depth). The results were compared with other regions of Lithuania also. The evaluated tritium activities varied from 1.8 to 6.4 Bq/L at nuclear objects sites in Lithuania and they are coming to background level (1.83 Bq/L) and other places in Lithuania. The data show, that groundwater at the nuclear power objects sites is not contaminated with artificial tritium. In this work, the vertical tritium transfer from soil water to the groundwater well at nuclear objects site was estimated. The data show that the main factor for vertical tritium transfer to the well depends on the depth of wells.

Terrestrial Distribution of 14C in the Vicinity of Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongtang Wang ◽  
Yuanyi Xiang ◽  
Qiuju Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Heavy Water Reactor ◽  
Rice Samples

We used accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to study radiocarbon-specific activity levels in agricultural and botanical samples (moss and pine needles) distributed within a 6.5-km radius of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The 14C-specific activity in moss samples (ranging from 265.6 to 223.0 Bq/kg C) decreased with increased distance from the stacks of Plant III (heavy water reactor) and reached the background level (223.8 Bq/kg C) at 6.5 km distance. Compared to the pine needles, the moss was a better indicator for investigating the 14C distribution near Qinshan NPP. The 14C-specific activity distribution in moss samples showed that the diffusion of 14C discharged from the Qinshan NPP was affected by both geographical and meteorological factors. Excess 14C-specific activity in the food samples ranged from 8.5 to 13.0 Bq/kg C (except for rice samples), resulting in a minimal radiation dose of 0.5 μSv per year to the public.

scholarly journals 14C Levels in Tree Rings Located Near Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongtang Wang ◽  
Yuanyi Xiang ◽  
Qiuju Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Discharge Management ◽  
Excess Value

Specific activities of radiocarbon in annual tree rings corresponding to 1980-2009 are reported for a pine tree located 2 km from the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (Qinshan NPP), China. While a negligible enhanced 14C activity due to operation of the Qinshan NPP Plant I is evident, a relative increase (1.8–62.6 Bq/kg C) was observed in the specific activity after operation of the Qinshan NPP Plant II in 2002 and Plant III in 2003. The enhanced values were primarily affected by the 14C discharged from Plant III (CANDU-type reactor), and a good correlation was found between the 14C discharged from Plant III in the growing season and the 14C excess value. The excess 14C activities peaked in 2005 (at 302.0 Bq/kg C, which is 62.6 Bq/kg C above the “clean air” 14C level), and then declined due to the improvement in 14C discharge management of Plant III. In 2009, the 14C-specific activity was near the background level.

NEUTRINO MAGNETIC MOMENT RESULTS AT THE KUO-SHENG NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (13n16) ◽  
pp. 1239-1243
Author(s):  
◽  
HAU-BIN LI ◽  
HENRY T. WONG
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radiative Lifetime ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Neutrino Magnetic Moment ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Future Plans

A search of neutrino magnetic moment was carried out at the Kuo-Sheng Nuclear Power Station at a distance of 28 m from the 2.9 GW reactor core. With a high purity germanium detector of mass 1.06 kg surrounded by scintillating NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) crystals as anti-Compton detectors, a detection threshold of 5 keV and a background level of 1 kg -1 kev -1 day -1 at 12-60 keV were achieved. Based on 4712 and 1250 hours of Reactor ON and OFF data, respectively, the limits on the neutrino magnetic moment of [Formula: see text] at 90(68)% confidence level were derived. Indirect bounds of the [Formula: see text] radiative lifetime of [Formula: see text] can be inferred. The present status and future plans are discussed.

Cavitation-Induced Unsteady Flow Characteristics in the First Stage of a Centrifugal Charging Pump

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Shouqi Yuan ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Ji Pei ◽  
Martin Böhle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Impeller Blade ◽  
Frequency Domains ◽  
Vapor Distribution ◽  
Main Factor

Cavitation is the main factor that causes reliability problems in centrifugal charging pumps (CCPs) in nuclear power plants. In this study, the cavitation-induced unsteady flow characteristics of a CPR1000 CCP were investigated by numerical and experimental methods. The vapor distribution in the impeller, velocity fluctuation, and pressure fluctuation results in the time and frequency domains were considered for several typical monitoring points in the impeller and volute. The pressure fluctuations in the impeller occurred at an impeller rotating frequency of fR and its integer harmonics, whereas those in the volute mainly occurred at an impeller blade-passing frequency of fB and its integer harmonics. The absolute error between the simulated and measured NPSHr was 3.6%, and that between the calculated and measured head was 2.9%, validating the simulation of the cavitation performances of a CCP.

scholarly journals Tritium Transport to the Earth Surface with Rainfall

2012 ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power Station ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Tritium Concentration ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Radionuclide Content ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Production Facilities ◽  
Tritium Transport

Data on tritium concentration dynamics in rainfall in the zone of PO “Mayak”, the Beloyarka Nuclear Power Station area and reference territories have been given. It has been stated that the radionuclide content in the rainfall in the areas of nuclear enterprises location can vary within the range of 3–4 orders of magnitude and substantially exceed the reference indicators and technogenic background level. The obtained information is essential for forecasting of the radionuclide supply scale from aerosol exhausts of nuclear power enterprises to the earth surface and pollution of water and air environment within domestic and production facilities.

scholarly journals 14C Levels in Tree Rings Located Near Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongtang Wang ◽  
Yuanyi Xiang ◽  
Qiuju Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Discharge Management ◽  
Excess Value

Specific activities of radiocarbon in annual tree rings corresponding to 1980-2009 are reported for a pine tree located 2 km from the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (Qinshan NPP), China. While a negligible enhanced14C activity due to operation of the Qinshan NPP Plant I is evident, a relative increase (1.8–62.6 Bq/kg C) was observed in the specific activity after operation of the Qinshan NPP Plant II in 2002 and Plant III in 2003. The enhanced values were primarily affected by the14C discharged from Plant III (CANDU-type reactor), and a good correlation was found between the14C discharged from Plant III in the growing season and the14C excess value. The excess14C activities peaked in 2005 (at 302.0 Bq/kg C, which is 62.6 Bq/kg C above the “clean air”14C level), and then declined due to the improvement in14C discharge management of Plant III. In 2009, the14C-specific activity was near the background level.

RESULTS OF MONITORING ON RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION OF COMMERCIAL MARINE ORGANISMS IN THE NORTH-WEST PACIFIC AFTER THE ACCIDENT AT FUKUSHIMA DAI-ICHI NUCLEAR POWER STATION IN 2011

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
G. S. Borisenko ◽  
Yu. I. Zuenko ◽  
E. O. Basyuk
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Contamination ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Radioactive Pollution ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

Results of several years monitoring on radioactive pollution of fisheries objects in the Russian EEZ and adjacent North-West Pacific (fish, crabs, shrimps, marine algae) after the accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in 2011 are generalized. Two catastrophic releases of radioactive isotopes to atmosphere and directly to the ocean happened at Fukushima in late March and early April, 2011. However, not a single case of dangerous pollution of fish or seafoods caught by Russian fishermen was detected. The highest activity of radioisotopes (137Cs up to 8.1 Bq/kg, 134Cs to 6.9 Bq/kg ww) was found for fish (pink salmon juveniles) caught off Kuril Islands in several days after the strongest release of radionuclides into the atmosphere. Soon, in summer 2011, the level of radioactive pollution in this area came close to the regional background level, the pre-accident level was restored in 2012, and the tendency to decreasing of radioactive pollution (that was observed after the nuclear tests termination) was restored in 2013. The observed radioactive contamination of fish, invertebrates and algae tissues is considerably (in 1–2 orders) below the sanitary permissible levels for isotopes of Cs and Sr. Lack of significant consequences of the Fukushima Dai-ichi accident for bioresources of Russian waters is explained by spatial patterns of the water drift from Fukushima coast driven by oceanic currents in spring-summer of 2011 that was directed generally eastward, far from the Russian coasts. There is noted that radioactive contamination of fish tissues is determined by current radiation situation (here and now), no signs of accumulation and transfer of pollution by migratory species are found.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Relationship between Risk Perception and Willingness to Pay for Nuclear Power Plant Risk Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirae Yun ◽  
Sang Hun Lee ◽  
Hyun Gook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Scientific Background ◽  
Contingent Valuation Methods ◽  
The Relationship

With the adoption of new technologies, more risk is introduced into modern society. Important decisions about new technologies tend to be made by specialists, which can lead to a mismatch of risk perception between citizens and specialists, resulting in high social cost. Using contingent valuation methods, this paper analyzes the relationship between willingness to pay (WTP) and the factors expressed through people’s image of nuclear power plants (NPP), their perception of NPP safety, and how these can be affected by their scientific background level. Results indicate that groups with a high scientific background level tend to have low risk perception level, represented through their image and safety levels. Further, the results show that mean WTP is dependent on scientific background and image levels. It is believed that these results could help decision makers address the mismatch of trust between the public and specialists in terms of new policy.

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