scholarly journals Detection Efficiency of NaI(Tl) Detector in 511–1332 keV Energy Range

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Akkurt ◽  
K. Gunoglu ◽  
S. S. Arda
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Medical Physics ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Absolute Efficiency ◽  
Analytical Result ◽  
Required Quality ◽  
System Gamma ◽  
Peak To Valley Ratio

As it is important to obtain accurate analytical result in an experimental research, this required quality control of the experimental system. Gamma spectrometry system can be used in a variety of different fields such as radiation and medical physics. In this paper the absolute efficiency, peak to valley ratio, and energy resolution of a3′′×3′′NaI(Tl) detector were determined experimentally for 511, 662, 835, 1173, 1275, and 1332 keV photon energies obtained from22Na,54Mn,60Co, and137Cs radioactive sources.

Guideline for radioimmunotherapy of rituximab relapsed or refractory CD20+ follicular B-cell nonHodgkin´s lymphoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (05) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Behr ◽  
F. Grünwald ◽  
W. H. Knapp ◽  
L. Trümper ◽  
C. von Schilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Medical Physics ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Background Information ◽  
After Care ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Work Up

Summary:This guideline is a prerequisite for the quality management in the treatment of non-Hodgkin-lymphomas using radioimmunotherapy. It is based on an interdisciplinary consensus and contains background information and definitions as well as specified indications and detailed contraindications of treatment. Essential topics are the requirements for institutions performing the therapy. For instance, presence of an expert for medical physics, intense cooperation with all colleagues committed to treatment of lymphomas, and a certificate of instruction in radiochemical labelling and quality control are required. Furthermore, it is specified which patient data have to be available prior to performance of therapy and how the treatment has to be carried out technically. Here, quality control and documentation of labelling are of greatest importance. After treatment, clinical quality control is mandatory (work-up of therapy data and follow-up of patients). Essential elements of follow-up are specified in detail. The complete treatment inclusive after-care has to be realised in close cooperation with those colleagues (haematology-oncology) who propose, in general, radioimmunotherapy under consideration of the development of the disease.

Construction Control As A Strategy For Improving The Quality Of Buildings And Structures

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Control ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Required Quality

In construction production, the safety of constructing buildings and structures is achieved by ensuring the required quality as a result of systematic construction control based on the implementation of a complex of technical, economic and organizational measures at all stages of the object's life cycle. The article deals with the actual problem of improving the quality of construction products-buildings and structures in conjunction with the activities of construction control bodies. The article presents the advanced foreign and domestic experience of ensuring the quality control at the construction sites, providing for the prevention of the underlying causes of defects and increasing the interest of the contractors directly. On the basis of the analysis of the current situation with quality control at the construction market, ways to improve its efficiency by developing a unified system of technological implementation of relevant requirements for the quality of construction products, determining the rational number and business load of construction control engineers, as well as the active activities of self-regulatory organizations in this area are offered.

scholarly journals Performance of the SoLid reactor neutrino detector

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
Maja Verstraeten
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Neutrino Detector ◽  
Channel Response ◽  
In Situ Calibration ◽  
Reactor Neutrino ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Better Than

The SoLid Collaboration is currently operating a 1.6 ton neutrino detector near the Belgian BR2 reactor. Its main goal is the observation of the oscillation of electron antineutrinos to previously undetected flavour states. The highly segmented SoLid detector employs a compound scintillation technology based on PVT scintillator in combination with LiF-ZnS(Ag) screens containing the 6Li isotope. The experiment has demonstrated a channel-to-channel response that can be controlled to the level of a few percent, an energy resolution of better than 14% at 1 MeV, and a determination of the interaction vertex with a precision of 5 cm. This contribution highlights the major outcomes of the R&D program, the quality control during component manufacture and integration, the current performance and stability of the full-scale system, as well as the in-situ calibration of the detector with various radioactive sources.

scholarly journals Limitations in the assessment of radon dose: the role of activity measurements in the human body

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
J. Kalef-Ezra ◽  
S. Valakis
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Medical Physics ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Group I ◽  
Activity Measurements

Radon-222 is classified in the Group I of the human carcinogens. The in situ decay of inhaled 222Rn and its short-lived decay products (T1/2 <30 min) is the main source of radiation burden to the general population of natural origin. The corresponding effective dose is routinely calculated as the product of the 222Rn concentration in air, a predetermined dosimetric constant and a factor that depends on the space type (e.g. residential or public building, cave, mine, etc). However, in practice, there are large spatial and temporal variations in the activity ratio of each progeny to 222Rn in air, the characteristics of the progeny carrying particles and the metabolism of each progeny depending on air quality, as well as differences in the anatomic and physiological characteristics between individuals, that vary substantially even with time. Therefore, the currently employed dosimetric approach may introduce large uncertainties. In the hypothetical case of acute deposition and full retention in the human body of equal activities of all 222Rn progeny, about 93% of the effective dose is due to the decaying 214Po. The 214Po activity can be assessed by measurement of its γ-emitting precursor, 214Bi, which is in full equilibrium with 214Po in the human body. The 214Bi activity can be measured using a high-sensitivity whole-body counter with high counting uniformity, such as the one in use at the Ioannina University Medical Physics Department. Its detection efficiency and its dependence on body shape and size were assessed by Monte Carlo simulations. Measurements carried out in healthy adult volunteers residing at a short distance from the counter, indicated a mean total body 214Bi activity (TBBi) of ~100 Bq during the cold season of the year and lower during the hot one. Higher mean TBBi levels were found in male than in female adults. Therefore, TBBi measurements may allow for accurate radon-related risk assessment on individual base.

Guideline for radioimmunotherapy of CD20+ follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (06) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
F. Grünwald ◽  
W. H. Knapp ◽  
L. Trümper ◽  
C. v. Schilling ◽  
M. Dreyling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Medical Physics ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Background Information ◽  
After Care ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
First Remission ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Work Up

SummaryThis guideline is a prerequisite for the quality management in the treatment of non-Hodgkon-lymphomas in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma after rituximab therapy and as consolidation therapy after first remission following CHOP like treatment using radioimmunotherapy. It is based on an interdisciplinary consensus and contains background information and definitions as well as specified indications and detailed contraindications of treatment. Essential topics are the requirements for institutions performing the therapy. For instance, presence of an expert for medical physics, intense cooperation with all colleagues committed to treatment of lymphomas, and a certificate of instruction in radiochemical labelling and quality control are required. Furthermore, it is specified which patient data have to be available prior to performance of therapy and how treatment has to be carried out technically. Here, quality control and documentation of labelling are of great importance. After treatment, clinical quality control is mandatory (work-up of therapy data and followup of patients). Essential elements of follow-up are specified in detail. The complete treatment inclusive after-care has to be realised in close cooperation with those colleagues (hemato-oncologists) who propose, in general, radioimmunotherapy under consideration of the development of the disease.

scholarly journals Medical physics 3.0 versus 1.0: A case study in digital radiography quality control

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-707
Author(s):  
Diana E. Carver ◽  
Charles E. Willis ◽  
Paul J. Stauduhar ◽  
Thomas K. Nishino ◽  
Jered R. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Medical Physics
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