scholarly journals Novel Clinical and Diagnostic Aspects of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Schulte-Pelkum ◽  
Antonella Radice ◽  
Gary L. Norman ◽  
Marcos Lόpez Hoyos ◽  
Gabriella Lakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Long Time ◽  
International Consensus Statement

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are the serological hallmark of some idiopathic systemic vasculitides. Besides the investigation of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and constant effort for a standardized nomenclature and classification of the AAV, a main focus of research during the last few years has been to constantly improve the performance of enzyme immunoassays. With the latest so called third generation ELISA, this goal seemed to be fulfilled. The International Consensus Statement on Testing and Reporting of ANCA gave recommendations for standardized strategies for the serological diagnosis of ANCA. New developments now target the system immanent drawbacks of the respective diagnostic methods, be it the need for batching and the long time to result for ELISA, or the high likelihood of error and subjectivity of indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Random access technology and multiplexing for solid phase assays as well as digital imaging for IIF are tools which may help to expedite and simplify routine diagnostics in the lab and in emergency settings. Recent findings indicate that PR3-ANCA have clinical utility beyond the diagnosis of AAV. PR3-ANCA can also serve as an aid for the differentiation between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CrD) and the stratification of UC patients. This review provides a detailed review of what is known about ANCA and highlights the latest research and state-of-the-art developments in this area.

International consensus classification of hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy: A Task Force report from the ILAE Commission on Diagnostic Methods

Epilepsia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1315-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Blümcke ◽  
Maria Thom ◽  
Eleonora Aronica ◽  
Dawna D. Armstrong ◽  
Fabrice Bartolomei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Task Force Report ◽  
Consensus Classification

scholarly journals Hormonal analysis in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases: A lecture

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
N. P. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Transport Proteins ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Hormonal Analysis

The creation of methods of radioimmunological analysis (RIA) to determine hormones had a decisive influence on the development of modern endocrinology and especially thyroidology. Since 1973, RIA methods have become routine diagnostic methods for the determination of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). However, for a long time they made it possible to determine only the fractions of hormones associated with transport proteins, and RIA methods for determining TSH did not allow to determine its low (< 0.1 Mme/l) concentrations. Later, variants of RIA were developed based on the immunometric principle, using solid-phase carriers and monoclonal antibodies. This made it possible to determine, along with the general T4 and T3, also their free forms. Namely free T4 and T3 (FT4 and FT3) provide the entire spectrum of biological activity. Their definition is the most informative in assessing the functional state of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid gland. The IRMA principle allowed to increase the sensitivity of the method for determining TSH to 0.16 mIU/L. This level of sensitivity satisfied clinicians in assessing the euthyroid state and hypothyroidism, but it did not allow to differentiate the normal level of TSH from subnormal in patients with thyrotoxicosis. In the last decade, fundamentally new non-isotopic technologies of hormonal immunoassay have been created. The sensitivity of this method in determining TSH was brought to 0.03 mIU/L. Currently, the determination of FT4 and TSH using the hypersensitive method is a strategic diagnostic approach to assessing the hormonal status of the thyroid gland.

scholarly journals International Consensus Statement on Testing and Reporting of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA)

1999 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Savige ◽  
David Gillis ◽  
Elizabeth Benson ◽  
David Davies ◽  
Vincent Esnault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
International Consensus Statement

Antiphospholipid syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. A. van Os ◽  
R. T. Urbanus ◽  
C. Agar ◽  
J. C. M. Meijers ◽  
P. G. de Groot
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Consensus Meeting ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Pregnancy Morbidity ◽  
Antibody Assays ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Antibody Elisa

SummaryThe antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a non-inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in the plasma of patients with vascular thrombosis, recurrent complications of pregnancy, or both (1, 2). The presence of aPL in plasma of patients can be detected with either a prolongation of phospholipid dependent coagulation tests (lupus anticoagulant, LAC), or with solid phase immune assays against the protein β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) or the phospholipid cardiolipin (anti-β2-GPI antibody ELISA and anti-cardiolipin antibody ELISA, respectively) (3). For a long time there was a lot of confusion on who had the syndrome and who not. To solve this dispute, an international consensus meeting was organized in Sapporo in 1999 to formulate classification criteria for patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (4). These criteria have been updated in 2004 at another international consensus meeting in Sydney (5). The classification criteria were defined for scientific purposes and were aimed to be used as inclusion criteria in patient related studies. They were specifically not defined for diagnostic purposes. However, current practice is that these criteria are used as a diagnostic tool. This is very unfortunate because the specificity of the different aPL assays to detect the clinical manifestations that characterize APS are disputable. One of the aims of defining the criteria was to initiate studies to determine the value of the different anti-phospholipid antibody assays to serve as biomarker for the risk of thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. The recent progress made on this important topic will be discussed.

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