scholarly journals Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Plane Reflector Integrated Photovoltaic-Thermal Water Heating System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem Sagar Naik ◽  
Arun Palatel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Present System ◽  
Exergetic Efficiency ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Electrical Output

A photovoltaic-thermal water heating system is a hybrid energy conversion device transforming the incident solar radiation to yield electrical energy and thermal energy. Plane reflectors are found to be a convenient option for enhancing the solar radiation incident on the collector plane. The present work investigates the performance of a photovoltaic-thermal water heater integrated with a plane reflector mounted on the top edge of the collector for the tropical climate of Calicut (11.25°N, 75.78°E). Performance testing of the system has been carried out for the winter season of the location. The variations in thermal and electrical output are studied for various inclination angles of the reflector. The system performance is evaluated on the basis of system energy efficiency and exergetic efficiency. It is observed that there is a significant enhancement in the thermal and electrical output of the system with the integration of the reflector as compared to the system without the reflector. For the present system, the reflector tilt angle in the range of 85–100° has been found to be suitable in terms of enhanced system output and exergetic efficiency for the winter conditions of Calicut.

scholarly journals Prospect of Floor Heating System in Residential Buildings in Kathmandu Using Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC)

SCITECH Nepal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Ramesh Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽  
Radiant Floor Heating System ◽  
Radiant Floor Heating ◽  
Floor Heating

Underfloor heating system is more suitable for space heating because of its unique temperature gradient profile. If solar radiation can be utilized for heating of water in radiant floor heating system, the cost of electricity can be reduced. Because of the sufficient availability of solar radiation in Kathmandu Valley during winter season, underfloor heating with solar water heating can be a viable technology for residential buildings. So this paper is focused on identifying suitable system/or domestic radiant floor heating system. Compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) water heating system is more suitable for heating water because tracking system is not required and sufficient water temperature can be achieved. It is also found that more studies are necessary to make the system cost effective and suitable for the residential buildings in Kathmandu.

A sensitivity study of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal water-heating system with natural circulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Ji ◽  
Jian-Ping Lu ◽  
Tin-Tai Chow ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Gang Pei
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Water ◽  
Natural Circulation ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Water Heating

Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic System in Humid Atmosphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhass Avithi Desappan ◽  
Elumalai Natarajan ◽  
Lakshmi Ponnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Radiation Energy ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Humid Atmosphere ◽  
Chennai City

The photovoltaic system converts electrical energy from solar radiation energy. It is preferable because it has no moving parts and low pollution to the environment. The performance of photovoltaic system has been decided with environmental aspects apart from the photovoltaic system specifications and incident solar radiation. In this research, the influence of relative humidity on photovoltaic system is considered for evaluating the performance and to draw the characteristic curves during winter (December and January) period. The photovoltaic system which installed at Chennai city, India, is exposed to high relative humidity even during winter season. The 3kW photovoltaic system behaviour is considered and measures the photovoltaic output voltage and output current with the effect of relative humidity. The performance curves shows that high relative humidity reduces the output voltage and current from photovoltaic system. It is same as the influence of other adverse environmental factors to degrade the operation and life span of photovoltaic system.

Hybrid Solar Lighting May Have Another Utility: Solar Water Heating

Solar Energy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Zemke ◽  
Byard D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Lighting ◽  
Solar Water Heating System

Hybrid solar lighting (HSL) has been successfully demonstrated as a means of collecting sunlight and transferring it through optical fibers into a building. The collected solar energy is primarily intended for illumination purposes. However, this technology may have an application in solar water heating. For a traditional solar water heating system, energy is required to pump the water to the roof and collected solar energy is lost to the environment through the collector and plumbing. If such a system is to be used in climates where the temperature falls below freezing, complexity is added resulting in lower system efficiencies. If, rather than pumping water to the roof to absorb solar energy, the solar radiation is “piped” into the hot water store, a solar water heating system may be much less complex and potentially more efficient. HSL technology can be used to collect solar radiation and transport it through optical fibers into a hot water store. Since the water remains in the tank, it is not exposed to freezing temperatures and heat loss through plumbing. The efficiency of the system would not be dependent on the outside temperature or the temperature of the water as traditional systems are, but solely on the efficiency in which solar radiation is transferred into the water. This paper will outline the major advantages of using HSL technology for solar water heating over traditional systems. The approximate efficiencies of a flat-plate collector, 2-axis solar tracking collector, and a system using HSL technology are compared using F-Chart for locations in the Southwestern and Northeastern United States. It is shown that improvements in efficiency are obtained using HSL technology if the system is capable of collecting and transferring the visible and infrared spectrum of solar radiation.

Cost-Effectiveness of a Photovoltaic-Powered Heat Pump Water Heating System vs. Solar Thermal Water Heating

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. H. Wilson ◽  
John J. Burkhardt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Heating System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Pv System

The cost-effectiveness of a photovoltaic (PV) powered heat pump water heater (HPWH) system is compared to that of a traditional solar thermal water heating system. HPWH evaporators are most often located inside the conditioned building space, resulting in a year-round cooling effect in the building. This effect is beneficial during the cooling season but detrimental during the heating season. The significance of this cooling effect was evaluated as part of the life cycle cost (LCC) analysis of the PV-powered HPWH system. Four different locations were considered: Boulder, CO; Miami, FL; Chicago, IL; and Seattle, WA. For the solar thermal analysis, both electric resistance and gas-fired auxiliary water heating scenarios were considered. Life cycle costs for the PV-HPWH system were calculated for the case of a PV system dedicated to providing electricity for the HPWH, and for the case of a previously planned residential PV system being increased in size to accommodate the HPWH. This latter case uses a lower, incremental cost of increasing the size of the PV system. The most notable results of the analysis are summarized below: • In general, the solar thermal system is more cost effective than the PV-HPWH system, even using the incremental cost of increasing the size of a planned PV system. • In locations where there are incentives that apply to PV but not solar thermal systems, as in much of Colorado, the PV-HPWH system will be more cost-effective than solar thermal. • The cooling effect of the HPWH evaporator is a net benefit in Miami, FL, but a net penalty in the other three locations. • The PV-HPWH system becomes more cost-effective than solar thermal with gas auxiliary in Miami when the price of natural gas is increased from $1 to $1.50 per therm. • Increasing the price of gas in the other locations does not make the PV-HPWH system compete against solar thermal because the cooling effect penalty also increases with the price of natural gas.

scholarly journals Investigation on The Thermal Performance of Evacuated Glass-Thermal Absorber Tube Collector (EGATC) for Air Heating Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-64
Author(s):  
Zairul Azrul Zakaria ◽  
Zafri Azran Abdul Majid ◽  
Muhammad Amin Harun ◽  
Ahmad Faris Ismail ◽  
Sany Izan Ihsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Diffuse Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Outdoor Experiment ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

Existing design of Heat-Pipe Evacuated Tube Collector (HP ETC) for solar water heating require storage tank and additional heat exchanger required for air heating application which leads to the extra spacing and costing requirement. HP ETC have better thermal performance to produce high outlet temperature than flat plate collector (FPC), especially during diffuse solar radiation. But HP ETC normally focusing on water heating system. Furthermore, HP ETC and FPC installation need to be positioned either to south or north facing to ensure the solar thermal collector absorbs more solar radiation. Meanwhile, HP ETC need to be tilt at the correct angle to maximize the performance of the system. These could lead to design limitation. The aim of this research is to develop the new design of Evacuated Glass-Thermal Absorber Tube Collector namely EGATC for drying application. It was developed from conventional HP ETC evacuated glass tube. In this study comparison result of EGATC and HP ETC performance were evaluated. The three days outdoor experiment proves that the performance of EGATC was better than HP ETC in air heating application which is provide higher outlet temperature. Based on the result, EGATC (Day 1: 50.9 oC, Day 2: 53.9 oC, Day 3: 49.2 oC) performed better with slightly higher temperature at outlet temperature compare with HP ETC (Day 1: 46.7 oC, Day 2: 50.3 oC, Day 3: 46.9 oC). It is concluded that EGATC have better performance in term of temperature different and outlet temperature as compared to HP ETC. EGATC (Day 1: 53.6%, Day 2: 50.6%, Day 3: 49.8%) also have greater efficiency in term of heat storage capability as compared to HP ETC (Day 1: 42.7%, Day 2: 41.6%, Day 3: 41.1%). Regarding energy buffer storage, EGATC have better energy storage compared to HP ETC at sudden weather change such as diffuse solar radiation during clouds. The outlet temperature of EGATC (42.3 oC) was remained slightly higher compared to HP ETC (39.9 oC) at the beginning. The outlet temperature gradually drops slower during discharging period until the end of the experiment for 15 minutes towards outlet temperature 41.1ºC and 37.2ºC for both EGATC and HP ETC with temperature difference 1.2ºC and 2.7ºC respectively.

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