scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography of Bilateral Nanophthalmos with Macular Folds and High Hyperopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firat Helvacioglu ◽  
Ziya Kapran ◽  
Sadik Sencan ◽  
Murat Uyar ◽  
Ozlem Cam
Keyword(s):  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Optic Coherence Tomography ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Neurosensory Retina ◽  
High Hyperopia

Importance.There is a conflict about the content of the macular folds in nanophthalmic eyes in the literature. Our study clearly demonstrated that papillomacular folds seen in nanophthalmos or posterior microphthalmos were only composed of neurosensory retina without involvement of retinal pigment epithelium and choroid.Observations.This is a report of two consecutive nanophthalmic patients with macular folds at Maltepe University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, from January to June 2012. Anterior segment dimensions were near normal. The axial lengths of the eyes were short with markedly shortened posterior segment. A macular fold extending from the center of the fovea towards the optic nerve head was present in all eyes. Optic coherence tomography clearly demonstrated that folds were only composed of neurosensory retina. Binocular visual acuities and refractive errors of the cases were 0.3, 0.2 and +16.00, +15.75 diopters, respectively.Conclusions and Relevance.Our study proposes a surgical option to treat these folds like serous retinal detachments by showing the true content of the folds, although there is not any surgical operation accepted for this condition yet. Further studies dealing with the surgical interventions of these folds should be performed to support this option.

scholarly journals Focal Choroidal Excavation in a Case of Choroidal Osteoma Associated with Choroidal Neovascularization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Azimizadeh ◽  
Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini ◽  
Esmaeil Babaei
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Retinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Retinal Layers ◽  
Choroidal Osteoma ◽  
Focal Choroidal Excavation ◽  
Neurosensory Retina ◽  
The Right

Purpose: To report a case of choroidal osteoma associated with reactivation of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and development of focal choroidal excavation (FCE). Case Report: A 34-year-old woman with choroidal osteoma complicated by CNV in the right eye for two years presented with deterioration of visual acuity in her right eye. A small retinal hemorrhage accompanied by subretinal fluid (SRF) was seen in the macular area of the right eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed that the inner retina was intact, and the outer retinal layers had outward displacement. SRF and a wedge-shaped choroidal depression were also seen. This choroidal excavation was not present on previous OCT images. The integrity of the inner retinal layers was maintained, and an optically clear space was present between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium. Conclusion: Choroidal osteoma can be complicated by CNV and FCE could occur as a consequence. Again, FCE can lead to CNV development. This cascade can deteriorate vision and sometime lead to permanent visual loss.

Rieger Anomaly with Bilateral Choroidal Osteoma: Coincidence or Association?

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Erkiliç ◽  
A. Özkiriş ◽  
C. Evereklioglu ◽  
H. Dogan
Keyword(s):  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Fundus Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Choroidal Osteoma ◽  
Orbital Shadowing ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium Atrophy ◽  
Skeletal Bone ◽  
Yellowish Orange

Purpose To report a case of Rieger anomaly associated with bilateral choroidal osteoma. CASE. An 18-year-old woman presented with corectopia, iridocorneal adhesions, and stromal hypoplasia of the iris, and was diagnosed with Rieger anomaly. Results Fundus examination revealed bilateral yellowish-orange, placoid degenerative fundus lesions with pseudopod-like edges associated with the areas of retinal pigment epithelium atrophy, indicating choroidal osteoma. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed bilateral early patchy and late diffuse hyperfluorescence. B-scan echography revealed placoid lesion at the posterior ocular coats characterized by localized areas of high ultrasound reflectivity with a corresponding retrobulbar orbital shadowing. This indicated a dense calcium foreign body. In addition, computed tomography of the orbit demonstrated bilateral plate-like thickening with calcification of the choroid that was isodense with the normal skeletal bone. Conclusions Although Rieger anomaly is classically known as a disease of the anterior segment of the eye, choroidal osteoma may be a posterior segment finding of the disease that has not previously been reported.

scholarly journals Inhibition of mitochondrial fission preserves photoreceptors after retinal detachment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjun She ◽  
Xinmin Lu ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Junran Sun ◽  
Jian Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Mitochondrial Fission ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Photoreceptor Degeneration ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Neurosensory Retina

AbstractPhotoreceptor degeneration is a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. Separation of neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium is a prominent feature preceding photoreceptor degeneration in a variety of retinal diseases. Although ophthalmic surgeries have been well developed to restore retinal structures, post-op patients usually experience progressive photoreceptor degeneration and irreversible vision loss that is incurable at present. Previous studies point to a critical role of mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway in photoreceptor degeneration, but the upstream triggers remain largely unexplored. In this study, we show that after experimental RD induction, photoreceptors activate dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-dependent mitochondrial fission pathway and subsequent apoptotic cascades. Mechanistically, endogenous ROS is necessary for Drp1 activation in vivo and exogenous ROS insult is sufficient to activate Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission in cultured photoreceptors. Accordingly, inhibition of Drp1 activity effectively preserves mitochondrial integrity and rescues photoreceptors. Collectively, our data delineates a ROS-Drp1-mitochondria axis that promotes photoreceptor degeneration in retinal diseased models.

scholarly journals Empty Bullet-Related Ocular Injuries During Military Shooting Training: A 20-Year Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (5-6) ◽  
pp. e799-e803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soner Guven ◽  
Ali Hakan Durukan
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Ocular Injury ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Protective Eyewear ◽  
Ocular Injuries ◽  
Trauma Scores

Abstract Introduction Empty bullet-related ocular injuries (EBOI) are rare and may result in unfavorable visual outcomes due to both open globe and closed globe injuries. To our knowledge, no reports of such injuries in terms of outcomes have been previously described in the literature. The aim of this study was to describe the treatment performed and ocular outcomes of such injuries. Materials and Methods EBOI of 23 cases were reviewed who were referred to Gulhane School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology between January 1998 and January 2018. Patient demographics, ocular signs (initial and final), injury types, type and number of interventions, and ocular trauma scores were recorded. Results In total, 23 eyes of the 23 patients with an average age of 22.3 ± 4.54 years (range, 20–41 years) were included in the study. All of the patients were male, and all injuries were due to empty bullets during shooting training. None had ocular protection at the time of ocular injury. Fourteen patients (60.9%) were open globe injuries, whereas nine (39.1%) of them were closed globe injuries. Mean ocular trauma scores category of the cases was 2.52 ± 1.03. The baseline and final visual acuity was 20/200 or better in 21.7% and 69.5% of eyes, respectively. Nineteen eyes (82.7%) had undergone a total of 31 surgeries with a 1.34 ± 0.88 surgery average. Conclusions The prognosis of EBOI is unpredictable and is dependent on the severity of ocular damage. The best treatment option is prevention of EBOI with protective eyewear.

scholarly journals Acute exudative polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy during pembrolizumab treatment for metastatic melanoma: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ine Lambert ◽  
Giuseppe Fasolino ◽  
Gil Awada ◽  
Robert Kuijpers ◽  
Marcel ten Tusscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Immunomodulating Therapy ◽  
Neurosensory Retinal Detachment

Abstract Background The use of immunomodulating therapy to treat various cancers has been on the rise and these immune checkpoint inhibitors are known to cause ocular side effects. In this article a case of acute exudative polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy (AEPVM) is reported which developed during a first line treatment with pembrolizumab. Case presentation A 54-year-old woman was referred because of blurry vision in both eyes with a yellow spot in the central visual field of the left eye. These symptoms started after four treatments with pembrolizumab (a monoclonal antibody against the programmed cell death receptor-1) for a metastatic recurrent vaginal mucosal melanoma. Her best corrected visual acuity was 10/10 in both eyes with a correction of + 2.00 bilaterally. There were no inflammatory findings in the anterior segment or the vitreous. Fundoscopy revealed an attenuation of the foveal reflex with subtle yellow-white subretinal macular deposits (vitelliform lesions) in both eyes. Fluorescein angiography did not show staining or leakage in the mid-phase, neither a late staining. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the macula illustrated bilateral neurosensory retinal detachment with a thick, highly reflective band at the outer photoreceptor segment. En face structural OCT at the level of the photoreceptors showed focal areas of increased signal corresponding to hyperreflective vitelliform material. The treatment with pembrolizumab was ceased immediately. During the following visits we slowly saw an improvement of the neurosensory retinal detachment. After almost four months a total resolution of the subretinal fluid was visualized in both eyes without the use of additional treatment, though the vitelliform deposits persisted. Conclusions The development of AEPVM in melanoma patients could be triggered by treatment with Pembrolizumab. Pembrolizumab has the potential to disturb indirectly the retinal pigment epithelium homeostasis with accumulation of lipofuscin deposits and subretinal fluid, both signs of AEPVM.

scholarly journals Ocular findings among patients surviving COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ílen Ferreira Costa ◽  
Livia Pimenta Bonifácio ◽  
Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues ◽  
Eduardo Melani Rocha ◽  
Rodrigo Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Architecture Evaluation ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

AbstractTo describe the medium-term ophthalmological findings in patients recovering from COVID-19. Patients recovered from the acute phase of COVID-19 underwent a complete ophthalmological evaluation, including presenting and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractometry, biomicroscopy, tonometry, break-up time and Schirmer tests, indirect ophthalmoscopy, color fundus picture, and retinal architecture evaluation using optical coherence tomography. Socio-demographic data and personal medical history were also collected. According to the severity of systemic manifestations, patients were classified into mild-to-moderate, severe, and critical. Sixty-four patients (128 eyes) were evaluated 82 ± 36.4 days after the onset of COVID’s symptoms. The mean ± SD duration of hospitalization was 15.0 ± 10.7 days. Seven patients (10.9%) had mild-to-moderate, 33 (51.5%) severe, and 24 (37.5%) critical disease. Median [interquartile ranges (IQR)] presenting visual acuity was 0.1 (0–0.2) and BCVA 0 (0–0.1). Anterior segment biomicroscopy was unremarkable, except for dry eye disease, verified in 10.9% of them. The mean ± SD intraocular pressure (IOP) in critical group (14.16 ± 1.88 mmHg) was significantly higher than in severe group (12.51 ± 2.40 mmHg), both in the right (p 0.02) and left eyes (p 0.038). Among all, 15.6% had diabetic retinopathy, and two patients presented with discrete white-yellowish dots in the posterior pole, leading to hyporreflective changes at retinal pigment epithelium level, outer segment, and ellipsoid layers. The present study identified higher IOP among critical cases, when compared to severe cases, and discrete outer retina changes 80 days after COVID-19 infection. No sign of uveitis was found.

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