scholarly journals Salivary Diagnostics: A Brief Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimhan Malathi ◽  
Sabesan Mythili ◽  
Hannah R. Vasanthi
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Salivary Diagnostics

Early detection of disease plays a crucial role for treatment planning and prognosis. Saliva has great potential as a diagnostic fluid and offers advantage over serum and other biological fluids by an economic and noninvasive collection method for monitoring of systemic health and disease progression. The plethora of components in this fluid can act as biomarkers for diagnosis of various systemic and local diseases. In this review paper, we have emphasized the role of salivary biomarkers as diagnostic tools.

scholarly journals Saliva: A Miraculous Biofluid for Early Detection of Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
NS Yadav ◽  
A Singh ◽  
V Saxena ◽  
V Juneja ◽  
V Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
General Health ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Salivary Diagnostics

ABSTRACT Saliva, a multi constituent oral fluid has high potential for the surveillance of general health and disease. To reach the above goal through saliva based diagnostics, two requisites must be fulfilled as discovering biomarker for different diseases among the complicated components of saliva and advancing sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers through persistent development of technologies with collective efforts over several years. Saliva has been demonstrated to be a promising bodily fluid for early diagnosis of disease and salivary diagnostics has exhibited tremendous potential in clinical applications. This review presents an impression of the value of saliva as a credible diagnostic tool, the innovation of salivary biomarkers and development of salivary diagnostics in the future.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Periodontal Disease: A Current Update

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (Spl) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Vivek Gupta ◽  
Bhavana Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Current

ABSTRACT Probiotics are live micro-organisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits upon the host. Although a lot of work has been done regarding the effects of probiotic applications on systemic health particularly gastro-intestinal, the impact of probiotics on oral health is relatively new with lots of research going on; the area of probiotics and periodontal disease is still in its infancy. The present article summarizes the role of probiotics in periodontal health and disease and its effectiveness in periodontal therapy.

scholarly journals New insights on microRNAs in diabetic nephropathy: potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sergeevna Kamyshova ◽  
Irina Nikolaevna Bobkova ◽  
Irina Mikhailovna Kutyrina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
New Biomarkers

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus associated with the progressive deterioration of renal function. Although microalbuminuria is considered as a gold standard for DN diagnosis, it has limited predictive powers and specificity as a diagnostic tool for the early stage of DN. Therefore, new biomarkers are required for the early detection of DN. Studies using in vitro and in vivo models of DN have revealed an important role of microRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs that modulate physiological and pathological processes by inhibiting target gene expression, in DN development. Recent studies have shown that the dysregulation of miRNAs, which is associated with the key features of DN, such as the mesangial expansion and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, is related to fibrosis and glomerular dysfunction. Thus, the up- and downregulation of miRNA expression in the renal tissue or biological fluids, including urine, may represent new biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of DN progression. In this review, we highlight the significance of miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of DN and emphasise their potential role as a therapeutic target.

scholarly journals Conventional and Advanced Diagnostic Tools in Oral Cancer with Emphasis on Role of Dentist and Early Detection

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smit Singla ◽  
Akhilesh Verma ◽  
Snehil Goyal ◽  
Itika Singla ◽  
Anjali Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Secondary Tumors ◽  
Diagnosis Method ◽  
Dental Profession ◽  
Day By Day

ABSTRACT The prevalence of oral cancer is increasing worldwide day by day. Those who suffer from oral cancer have low survival rate compared with other cancer, mainly due to delay in the diagnosis, metastases, and presence of secondary tumors. For the dental profession, it is really challenging to diagnose oral precancer or oral cancer, particularly in its early stage of the disease. Early screening and advanced diagnostic tools play an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment planning of patients suffering from oral cancer. The diagnosis method usually includes histopathology and visualization adjuncts, such as toluidine blue, vizilite, etc. This study reviews the development of new upcoming tools for early detection, emphasis on the importance of role of dentist, and early detection of oral cancer. How to cite this article Singla S, Verma A, Goyal S, Singla I, Shetty A. Conventional and Advanced Diagnostic Tools in Oral Cancer with Emphasis on Role of Dentist and Early Detection. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2017;51(3):128-133.

scholarly journals The Role of Liquid Biopsy in Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Freitas ◽  
Catarina Sousa ◽  
Francisco Machado ◽  
Mariana Serino ◽  
Vanessa Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Potential Applicability

Liquid biopsy is an emerging technology with a potential role in the screening and early detection of lung cancer. Several liquid biopsy-derived biomarkers have been identified and are currently under ongoing investigation. In this article, we review the available data on the use of circulating biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer, focusing on the circulating tumor cells, circulating cell-free DNA, circulating micro-RNAs, tumor-derived exosomes, and tumor-educated platelets, providing an overview of future potential applicability in the clinical practice. While several biomarkers have shown exciting results, diagnostic performance and clinical applicability is still limited. The combination of different biomarkers, as well as their combination with other diagnostic tools show great promise, although further research is still required to define and validate the role of liquid biopsies in clinical practice.

Role Of Cytogenetic Abnormalities At Baseline and During 5-Year Follow-Up In Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated On The Total Therapy 3 Protocol

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 3137-3137
Author(s):  
Sarah Waheed ◽  
Jeffrey Sawyer ◽  
Adam Rosenthal ◽  
Frits van Rhee ◽  
Nathan M Petty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
Cytogenetic Abnormalities ◽  
Total Therapy

Abstract The presence of metaphase cytogenetic abnormalities (CA) has long been considered an adverse prognosticator in multiple myeloma (MM). An update is provided of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients treated with Total Therapy 3 (TT3). The prognostic role of CA was assessed relative to its presence at baseline (BL) and during 2 landmarks (LM) of 2 (LM2) and 5 years of follow-up (LM5). For both LM, the following CA combinations were considered: no CA at BL and up to LM; CA at BL and till LM; CA at BL, no CA till LM; no CA at BL, CA toward LM. Patients considered for evaluation had at least one cytogenetic evaluation prior to the start of therapy and at least one cytogenetic evaluation during follow-up. In Cox modeling, only patients with at least one cytogenetic evaluation prior to baseline were considered. The time-dependent variable indicating whether patients lived to reach a certain LM, and had a CA during the time between enrollment and that LM, was considered along with several typical MM predictor variables. Results showed that, for the LM2, patients with BL-no CA/LM-no CA fared best followed by the BL-CA/LM-no CA combination, with worst outcomes seen in the remainder sharing LM-CA (Figure 1a). In case of the LM5, LM-no CA was superior regardless of BL-CA status, while LM-CA conferred equally poor OS regardless of BL-CA status (Figure 1b). On multivariate analysis, LM5-CA retained the highest HR along with GEP-70-defined high-risk MM, BL-CA and creatinine elevation. We conclude that serial CA monitoring provides a simple cost-effective tool contributing to early detection of disease relapse often without clinical progression (data not shown) that also affords the early detection of MDS-associated CA, an increasing complication of MM therapy. Data will be presented on the detection at BL of GEP features forecasting CA development during 2 and 5 years of follow up. Disclosures: Usmani: Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Onyx: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

scholarly journals Radiological Techniques in the Diagnosis of Strangulating Small Bowel Obstruction

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (190) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Acute Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Small Intestines ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

ABSTRACTObjective: Early detection of signs of strangulation in case of acute small bowel obstruction is critical because it mandates an operation. So, the role of different available radiological techniques used for diagnosing strangulating SBO is reviewed.Conclusion: Strangulation remains a major problem in patients with acute small bowel obstruction. Despite of having several radiological diagnostic tools, CT is the only method with established higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in patients with acute small bowel obstruction as well as strangulation.Keywords: obstruction; radiological techniques; small intestines; strangulation.

Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshan Ali ◽  
Zhenbin Wang ◽  
Rai Muhammad Amir ◽  
Shoaib Younas ◽  
Asif Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

The role of ultrasound examination in early detection and follow-up of arterio-portal shunts

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ioanitescu ◽  
L Micu ◽  
A Rampoldi ◽  
N Masala ◽  
V Marcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Ultrasound Examination
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