scholarly journals The NOMAD Experiment at CERN

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vannucci
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Strangeness Production ◽  
Neutrino Beam ◽  
Decay Modes ◽  
Dimuon Production ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Bubble Chambers ◽  
Magnetic Detector

The purpose of this paper is to review the experimental apparatus and some physics results from the NOMAD (neutrino oscillation magnetic detector) experiment which took data in the CERN wide-band neutrino beam from 1995 to 1998. It collected and reconstructed more than one million charged current (CC)νμevents with an accuracy which was previously obtained only with bubble chambers. The main aim of the experiment was to search for the oscillationνμintoντ, in a region of mass compatible with the prescriptions of the hot dark matter hypothesis, which predicted aντmass in the range of 1–10 eV/c2. This was done by searching forντCC interactions, observing the production of theτlepton through its various decay modes by using kinematical criteria. In parallel, NOMAD also strongly contributed to the study of more conventional processes: quasielastic events, strangeness production and charm dimuon production, single photon production, and coherent neutral pion production. Exotic searches were also investigated. The paper reviews the neutrino beam, the detector setup, the detector performances, the neutrino oscillation results, the strangeness production, the dimuon charm production, and summarizes other pieces of research.

scholarly journals SIMULATION OF A WIDE-BAND LOW-ENERGY NEUTRINO BEAM FOR VERY LONG BASELINE NEUTRINO OSCILLATION EXPERIMENTS.

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BISHAI ◽  
J. HEIM ◽  
C. LEWIS ◽  
A.D. MARINO ◽  
B. VIREN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Neutrino Beam ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Energy Neutrino

RECENT RESULTS FROM K2K

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 3364-3377 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
C. K. JUNG
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrino ◽  
Neutrino Beam ◽  
Statistical Fluctuation ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrinos ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Neutrino Oscillation Experiment ◽  
Oscillation Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Oscillation Experiment

K2K is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using a neutrino beam produced at the KEK 12 GeV PS, a near detector complex at KEK and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) in Kamioka, Japan. The experiment was constructed and is being operated by an international consortium of institutions from Japan, Korea, and the US. The experiment started taking data in 1999 and has successfully taken data for about two years. K2K is the first long beseline neutrino oscillation experiment with a baseline of order hundreds of km and is the first accelerator based neutrino oscillation experiment that is sensitive to the Super-Kamiokande allowed region obtained from the atmospheric neutrino oscillation analysis. A total of 44 events have been observed in the far detector during the period of June 1999 to April 2001 corresponding to 3.85 × 1019 protons on target. The observation is consistent with the neutrino oscillation expectations based on the oscillation parameters derived from the atmospheric neutrinos, and the probability that this is a statistical fluctuation of non-oscillation expectation of [Formula: see text] is less than 3%.

scholarly journals Photon-counting distributed free-space spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saifen Yu ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Haiyun Xia ◽  
Xiankang Dou ◽  
Tengfei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Molecular Spectra ◽  
Single Photon Detector ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
Biomedical Diagnostics

AbstractSpectroscopy is a well-established nonintrusive tool that has played an important role in identifying and quantifying substances, from quantum descriptions to chemical and biomedical diagnostics. Challenges exist in accurate spectrum analysis in free space, which hinders us from understanding the composition of multiple gases and the chemical processes in the atmosphere. A photon-counting distributed free-space spectroscopy is proposed and demonstrated using lidar technique, incorporating a comb-referenced frequency-scanning laser and a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector. It is suitable for remote spectrum analysis with a range resolution over a wide band. As an example, a continuous field experiment is carried out over 72 h to obtain the spectra of carbon dioxide (CO2) and semi-heavy water (HDO, isotopic water vapor) in 6 km, with a range resolution of 60 m and a time resolution of 10 min. Compared to the methods that obtain only column-integrated spectra over kilometer-scale, the range resolution is improved by 2–3 orders of magnitude in this work. The CO2 and HDO concentrations are retrieved from the spectra acquired with uncertainties as low as ±1.2% and ±14.3%, respectively. This method holds much promise for increasing knowledge of atmospheric environment and chemistry researches, especially in terms of the evolution of complex molecular spectra in open areas.

scholarly journals Coulomb explosion of CD3I induced by single photon deep inner-shell ionisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wallner ◽  
J. H. D. Eland ◽  
R. J. Squibb ◽  
J. Andersson ◽  
A. Hult Roos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Coulomb Explosion ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Coincidence Technique ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Molecular Charge ◽  
Charge States ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractL-shell ionisation and subsequent Coulomb explosion of fully deuterated methyl iodide, CD3I, irradiated with hard X-rays has been examined by a time-of-flight multi-ion coincidence technique. The core vacancies relax efficiently by Auger cascades, leading to charge states up to 16+. The dynamics of the Coulomb explosion process are investigated by calculating the ions’ flight times numerically based on a geometric model of the experimental apparatus, for comparison with the experimental data. A parametric model of the explosion, previously introduced for multi-photon induced Coulomb explosion, is applied in numerical simulations, giving good agreement with the experimental results for medium charge states. Deviations for higher charges suggest the need to include nuclear motion in a putatively more complete model. Detection efficiency corrections from the simulations are used to determine the true distributions of molecular charge states produced by initial L1, L2 and L3 ionisation.

T2K: A LONG-BASELINE EXPERIMENT TO STUDY NEUTRINOS

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 1230017
Author(s):  
ALFONS WEBER
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Beam Line ◽  
Neutrino Beam ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Accelerator Complex ◽  
The West ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Baseline Experiment

T2K is the first of a new generation of long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments that will measure neutrino oscillations parameters. The experiment uses the J-PARC accelerator complex on the east cost of Japan to sent a neutrino beam to the Kamioka mine, located 295 km to the west. It consists of a dedicated beam-line, a near detector complex to characterize the beam and the well-known Super-Kamiokande detector to measure the oscillation signal. This paper describes the experimental setup, the results of the first measurement campaign as well as giving an outlook on the future potential of the experiment.

scholarly journals Precision physics with a wide band super neutrino beam

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Barger ◽  
M. Dierckxsens ◽  
M. Diwan ◽  
P. Huber ◽  
C. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wide Band ◽  
Neutrino Beam
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