scholarly journals Ethnoveterinary Study of Medicinal Plants in a Tribal Society of Sulaiman Range

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Tariq ◽  
Sakina Mussarat ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Naser M. AbdElsalam ◽  
Riaz Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Rumex Hastatus

The aims of the present study were (i) to document ethnoveterinary plants and their formulation techniques in an unexplored region of Pakistan and (ii) to select candidate medicinal plants with high consensus factor and fidelity value for furtherin vitroinvestigation. A total of 60 informants were interviewed using semistructured questionnaire. A total of 41 plants belonging to 30 families were used to treat livestock ailments in study area. Mostly leaves (47%) were used in recipes formulation mostly in the form of decoction. Gastrointestinal infections were found more common and majority of the plants were used against cow (31) and buffaloes (24) ailments. Recovery time of majority of the recipes was three to four days. Informant consensus factor (Fic) results have shown a high degree of consensus for gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive (0.95 each) ailments. Fidelity level (FL) results showed thatAsparagus gracilisranked first with FL value 93% followed byRumex hastatusranked second (91%) andTinospora cordifoliaranked third (90%). Aged farmers and nomads had more traditional knowledge as compared to younger ones. Plants with high Fic and FL values could be further investigatedin vitrofor the search of some novel bioactive compounds and young generation should be educated regarding ethnoveterinary practices.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal Evaluation of Medicinal Plants Used against Gastrointestinal Complaints

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Tariq ◽  
Sakina Mussarat ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
E. F. Abd_Allah ◽  
Abeer Hashem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽  
Whole Plants

Aim of the present study was to document ethnomedicinal plants used against gastrointestinal complaints in five selected remote regions of Pakistan and to select potential medicinal plants for furtherin vitroandin vivoinvestigation. Data on ethnomedicinal plants and ethnographic profile of respondents was documented using semistructured questionnaires. The present study revealed utilization of 52 medicinal plants for the treatment of different gastrointestinal infections in studied regions. Apiaceae was the most dominant family reported to be used for the treatment of these infections (4 plants). Among all the plant parts fruit (24%), whole plants and leaves (23% each) were the most preferred plant parts used by the healers. Dosage of recipe was found to be related with the age of the patient. Highest degree of informant consensus was reported for vomiting, nausea (0.92 each), abdominal pain (0.9), and diarrhea (0.89).Withania coagulansscored highest FL value (86%) followed byMentha longifoliaandMelia azadirachtaranked second with FL value (75% each). Young generation was found to possess little traditional knowledge about utilizing plant recipes against these infections. Plants with high Fic and FL values should be subjected for further phytochemical and pharmacological investigation for scientific validation.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality, Southern Ghana: An Ethnobotanical Study

Medicines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwame Appiah ◽  
Clement Oppong ◽  
Hossein Mardani ◽  
Richard Omari ◽  
Sylvia Kpabitey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Indigenous Uses ◽  
High Degree

Background: The in-depth traditional knowledge of medicinal plants is at risk of extinction due to the dependency on oral transmission, and as such, there is an urgent need to document such knowledge. This study aimed to document indigenous uses of medicinal plants among community members in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality. Methods: Data was collected in 2016 from community members and local herbalists in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality through a semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical tools and ethnobotanical indices, i.e., informant consensus factor (ICF), fidelity level (FL), and use value (UV) were used to analyse the data. Results: One hundred and six medicinal plants belonging to 45 families were reported to cure 68 different human diseases. The most frequently used plant part in this study was the leaves (52%). Decoction (57.5%) and oral administration (58.3%) were the most utilised herbal preparation and administration route respectively. Cleistopholis patens had the highest UV (0.54) with pain & fevers and skin diseases having the highest ICF values (0.88 and 0.85 respectively). Furthermore, new medicinal uses of Hilleria latifolia and ten other species were recorded for the treatment of the traditional local disease, aseram. Conclusions: The current knowledge and uses of medicinal plants are still high in the study area based on the high degree of consensus among informants. This study could allow for the preservation of knowledge and biodiversity of medicinal plants, both of which are threatened with extinction.

scholarly journals Ethnobotany of Phu Thai Ethnic Group in Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rapeeporn PHOLHIAMHAN ◽  
Surapon SAENSOUK ◽  
Piyaporn SAENSOUK
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Informant Consensus Factor ◽  
Informant Consensus

The present study aimed to study the diversity of plants used by Phu Thai ethnic groups in Nakhon Phanom province, and to find out the correlation between genders, age, and indigenous knowledge of the Phu Thai groups. The data were analyzed by using independent-samples t-test, one way ANOVA, cultural importance index (CI), informant consensus factor (ICF), and fidelity level (FL %). The results showed that there were 329 plant species from 89 families used in the daily life by the Phu Thai.The largest number of plant species were from Fabaceae (42 species, 12.77 %), followed by Zingiberaceae (20 species, 6.07 %), and Poaceae (15 species, 4.56 %). One hundred and ninety nine species were edible and used for consumption, 176 species for medicine, 56 species for cultural purposes, and 79 for other uses. The highest informant consensus factor (ICF) of medicinal plants were calculated for injuries (ICF = 0.961) indicating the highest degree of agreement among the informants knowledge of medicinal plants used to treat disorders in this category. The highest fidelity level (FL %) values were calculated for Crinum asiaticum L. var. asiaticum (93.62%), showing the conformity of knowledge regarding use of this plant to heal ankle sprains and postpartum women.          The CI values were calculated for Oryza sativa L. (CI = 2.74), followed by Saccharum officinarum L. (CI = 2.64), and Cocos nucifera L. (CI = 2.57), respectively. The most frequently used parts of the plant were leaves (82 species; 21.20 %) followed by fruits (70 species; 17.99 %), and stems (46 species; 11.85 %). Tree was the most common plant habit (77 species; 26.50 %), followed by the herb (72 species; 22.90 %), and climber (34 species; 9.20 %). The plants were gathered from cultivated fields more than from the forest. The ethnobotanical knowledge listed by males and females did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). The older informants had significantly more knowledge of medicinal plant uses than younger informants (p < 0.05). The Phu Thai ethnic group used Oryza sativa L. to make glutinous fermented liquors called “U”. It contains a variety of plants such as Alpinia galangal (L.) Willd., Lepisanthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh., Albizia myriophylla Benth., Paederia linearis Hook. f. var. linearis, Saccharum officinarum L., Streptocaulon juventas (Lour.) Merr., Oroxylum indicum (L.) Benth. ex Kurz, Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr., and Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT OLEH MASYARAKAT SUKU MELAYU DI KABUPATEN SAMBAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Resky Nanda Pranaka ◽  
Fathul Yusro ◽  
Indah Budiastutik
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

ABSTRACT Medicinal plant was used to solve the health problems by community both for prevention and medication. The medicinal plants utilization has a pivotal role on the sustainability and biodiversity of plants. Sambas Regency of West Kalimantan is dominated mostly by Malay ethnicity. They have different perspective in medicinal plants utilization, using a system of religion and belief that is continuously handed down from generation to generation. The study aims to analyze the patterns of medicinal plants utilization, plant use values, the degree of community approval, the most important plant species and to analyze the influence of socio-economic factors in the utilization of traditional medicinal plants, especially the Malay ethnic community in Sambas Regency. The study was conducted in Teluk Keramat Subdistrict (Sungai Serabek village, Sungai Baru village) and Tekarang (Sempadian village) where 80% of the population knew the use of medicinal plants. The data was collected by interview and observation to the head of the family or housewife with a purposive sampling technique. The data was analyzed using botany indexes i.e. Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), Fidelity Level (FL), and socio-economic factors using Chi Square test. The highest ICF value of 233 species for 103 groups of diseases, namely smallpox (1), promoting the brain (1), ear pain (1), and appendicitis (1). The highest value of FL are 81 species. The  highest values of UV ​​is sirih (0,4926), follow by kunyit (0,3312), sirsak (0,3185), bawang merah (0,2994), kalimao (0,2972), jahe merah (0,2314), kumis kucing (0,1996), saudagar (0,1911), jambu biji putih (0,1614), mengkudu (0,1486), pegagan (0,1338), kencur (0,1253), cocor bebek (0,1253), cengkodok (0,1168), and sirih merah (0,1040). The socio-economic factors that influence the utilization of traditional medicinal plants are gender, age, and religion. Keywords: Sambas regency, melayu ethnic, medicinal plants ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan tanaman obat merupakan salah satu solusi masalah kesehatan dimasyarakat baik untuk pencegahan maupun pengobatan. Penggunaan tanaman obat berdampak besar terhadap kelestarian dan keanekaragaman hayati tumbuhan. Kabupaten Sambas merupakan wilayah di Kalimantan Barat yang sebagian besar masyarakatnya ber-etnis (Suku) Melayu. Mereka memanfaatkan tumbuhan obat dengan cara pandang yang berbeda yakni menggunakan sistem religi dan keyakinan yang terus-menerus dan turun-temurun.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat, nilai guna tumbuhan, derajat persetujuan masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat, dan jenis tumbuhan yang paling penting serta menganalisis pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan tanaman obat tradisional khususnya masyarakat suku melayu Kabupaten Sambas. Penelitian dilakukan pada Kecamatan Teluk Keramat (desa Sungai Serabek, desa Sungai Baru) dan Kecamatan Tekarang (desa Sempadian) yang secara  persentase 80% mengetahui penggunaan tumbuhan obat. Proses pengambilan sampel adalah melalui wawancara dan observasi dengan informan Kepala Keluarga atau Ibu Rumah Tangga menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan beberapa indeks seperti  Use Value, Informant Consensus Factor, dan Fidelity Level, sedangkan sosial ekonomi faktor dianalisis menggunakan Chi Square test. Nilai ICF tertinggi dari 233 spesies untuk 103 kelompok penyakit yakni cacar, keremut (1), mencerdaskan otak (1), sakit telinga (1), dan usus buntu (1). Nilai FL tertinggi (100%) sebanyak 81 spesies. Nilai UV tertinggi adalah sirih (0,4926), diikuti oleh kunyit (0,3312), sirsak (0,3185), bawang merah (0,2994), kalimao (0,2972),  jahe merah (0,2314), kumis kucing (0,1996), saudagar (0,1911), jambu biji putih (0,1614), mengkudu (0,1486), pegagan (0,1338), kencur (0,1253), cocor bebek (0,1253), cengkodok (0,1168), dan sirih merah (0,1040). Faktor sosial ekonomi yang berpengaruh dalam pemanfaatan tanaman obat tradisional adalah jenis kelamin, umur, dan agama.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant species used by communities around Mabira and Mpanga Central Forest Reserves, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savina Asiimwe ◽  
Jane Namukobe ◽  
Robert Byamukama ◽  
Betty Imalingat
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Medicinal plants form an integral part of many health care systems in Uganda. This study aimed at documenting the therapeutic importance of plant species used in primary health care among communities living adjacent to Mabira and Mpanga forest reserves in Central Uganda. Methods An ethnobotanical study was conducted between April and June 2018 in 7 villages adjacent to Mpanga and 6 villages adjacent to Mabira central forest reserves. Information was obtained from 28 respondents identified using snowball and purposive sampling techniques and interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data. The quantitative analysis of data was done using fidelity level, informant consensus factor, and percent respondent knowledge indices. Results A total of 136 medicinal plants were recorded. The plant species classified into 55 families were grouped under 14 medical categories with the highest number of plant species being used for digestive disorders (44%), followed by respiratory (38%) and dermatological disorders (36%). Hoslundia opposita Vahl was mentioned by 71% of the respondents for treating 22 disease conditions. Plant Family Fabaceae was the most represented with 16 species. Informant consensus agreement was high (0.7) for respiratory disorders. The fidelity level was 100% for Bidens pilosa L. and Callistemon citrinus Skeels for treating wounds and cough, respectively. Plant remedies were mainly prepared by decoction (31%) and administered orally (36%). A large number of plants (61%) were harvested from wild habitats. Herbs (50%) and leaves (50%) contributed the highest percentage of plant biological forms and parts used in remedy preparation. Conclusion This study recorded plant species with the potential to treat a wide range of illnesses. This is reflected in the high diversity of the recorded species used for medicinal purposes. Pharmacological studies on the plants with high percentage use values and fidelity levels are needed to validate their uses in the management of the said therapeutic applications. Further research on the isolation and characterization of the plant active compounds could lead to the discovery of new potential drugs.

scholarly journals A Survey of Potent Folklore Medicinal Plant Used By Ethnic People of Thuthipattu and Karuvatchi Village, Villupuram District of Tamil Nadu, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Babu ◽  
P. Saravanan ◽  
D. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Sacred Groves ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Geographically Isolated

The present study was carried out in two geographically isolated Hillocks, Sacred Groves and Unclassified Vegetation of Gingee Taluk of Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu, India, a region inhabited by farmers and tribal groups. Data obtained through guided field-walk method on ethnomedicinal plants and ethnographic profile of respondents was documented using semi structured questionnaires. Information on medicinal plants with their correct botanical identities with family, local names, parts used, is carefully recorded. It resulted in about 50 medicinal plants used for the treatment of several diseases either in single or in combination with some other ingredients. The survey shows that the informants in two villages have very good knowledge about the medicinal plants used for various ailments. This present study analyzed the data collected from the study area by applying the quantitative ethnobotanical devices such as, Use value (UVi), Factor informant consensus (Fic) and Fidelity level (Fl%).

scholarly journals Traditional use of medicinal plants in the Chyangthapu-Phalaicha biological sub-corridor, Panchthar District, Kangchenjunga Landscape, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabin Bhandari ◽  
Min Bahadur Gurung ◽  
Chandra Kanta Subedi ◽  
Ram Prasad Chaudhary ◽  
Khadga Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Informant Consensus Factor ◽  
Informant Consensus

Abstract Background: Chyangthapu-Phalaicha located in the northeastern Panchthar District, is a biodiversity hotspot in the Eastern Himalaya. The area is dominated by the Kirat indigenous community. The present study was conducted to document the knowledge of the ethnomedicinal uses and practices that exist in the area before the associated socio-cultural knowledge on biological diversity is lost. Methods: Ethnomedicinal data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires. Stakeholders meetings were organized for assessing the conservation issues in the sub-corridor. The importance of medicinal plant species was assessed using quantitative indices such as informant consensus factor, relative frequency of citation, relative importance, fidelity level and Rahman’s similarity index. Results: Altogether, 140 medicinal plant species from 68 families and 127 genera were reported, which were used to treat 12 health disorders categories. The dominant families were Asteraceae and Fabaceae which contributed eight species each. Fifty-five percent of the total medicinal plant species comprised of herbs. The most frequently used plant parts were underground parts (33%) and leaf (15%). The most common remedies preparation method was extract. Oral administration was the most common therapeutic mode (60%). Maximum informant consensus factor (0.96) was calculated for gastrointestinal disorders. The highest relative frequency of citation and fidelity level was observed for Swertia chirayita (0.83 and 100% respectively). Artemisia dubia depicted the highest relative importance (91.67). A thorough review of previous literature and analysis of field data revealed new therapeutic use reports for 41 ailments associated with 52 plant species. The Rahman similarity index was high with the studies in neighbouring areas, while it was low with the geographically distant studies. Conclusions: The ethnomedicinal study of the Chyangthapu-Phalaicha biological sub-corridor in the Kangchenjunga Landscape indicates that the area supports significant medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge. The varied use of reported medicinal plants in the area indicates the need for their domestication, processing and phytochemical investigation, especially for those with high ethnobotanical indices.

Effect of individual Ayurveda plants and mixtures thereof on in vitro ruminal fermentation, methane production and nutrient degradability

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
A. Müller ◽  
D. Hilfiker ◽  
S. Marquardt ◽  
M. Kreuzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Helicteres Isora

In order to identify new ways to mitigate methane emissions from ruminants, six medicinal plants, Achyranthes aspera, Azadirachta indica, Andrographis paniculata, Helicteres isora, Tinospora cordifolia and Piper longum, were evaluated in vitro with respect to ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis. A three-stage approach with n = 6 per treatment was applied. Two 24-h Hohenheim gas test experiments were performed by incubating the plants first as sole substrate and then added to a basal diet (10 g/kg diet DM). Finally, in a 10-day Rusitec experiment, A. paniculata, P. longum and T. cordifolia were supplemented individually and in all binary combinations to a basal diet (25 g/kg DM). Provided as sole substrate, all plants, except P. longum, decreased methane and carbon dioxide production (P < 0.05), and reduced the methane : short-chain fatty acid ratio (P < 0.05) in the Hohenheim gas test. In Rusitec, none of the individual supplements decreased methane production. The combination of A. paniculata with P. longum as a supplement was effective in mitigating the methane : carbon dioxide ratio and simultaneously maintaining feeding value. In conclusion, all medicinal plants incubated as sole substrate, except P. longum, possess anti-methanogenic properties, especially T. cordifolia, A. indica and H. isora. When supplemented at the levels investigated, they were mostly neutral with respect to rumen fermentation and nutrient digestion. Combining A. paniculata with P. longum mitigated methane without side effects on general ruminal fermentation. Further investigations, carried out in vivo, will demonstrate how useful this plant combination is in ruminant nutrition.

scholarly journals Traditional use of medicinal plants in the Chyangthapu-Phalaicha biological sub-corridor, Panchthar District, Kangchenjunga Landscape, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabin Bhandari ◽  
Min Bahadur Gurung ◽  
Chandra Kanta Subedi ◽  
Ram Prasad Chaudhary ◽  
Khadga Bahadur Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Informant Consensus Factor ◽  
Informant Consensus

Abstract Background: Chyangthapu-Phalaicha located in the northeastern Panchthar District, is a biodiversity hotspot in the Eastern Himalaya. The area is dominated by the Kirat indigenous community. The present study was conducted to document the knowledge of the ethnomedicinal uses and practices that exist in the area before the associated socio-cultural knowledge on biological diversity is lost. Methods: Ethnomedicinal data were collected through three focus group discussions and 47 key informant interviews using semi-structured questionnaires. The importance of medicinal plant species was assessed using quantitative indices such as informant consensus factor, relative frequency of citation, relative importance, fidelity level and Rahman’s similarity index. Results: Altogether, 140 medicinal plant species from 68 families and 127 genera were reported, which were used to treat 12 diseases categories. The dominant families were Asteraceae and Fabaceae which contributed eight species each. Fifty-five percent of the total medicinal plant species comprised of herbs. The most frequently used plant parts were underground parts (33%) and leaf (15%). The most common remedies preparation method was extract. Oral administration was the most common therapeutic mode (60%). Maximum informant consensus factor (0.96) was calculated for gastrointestinal diseases. The highest relative frequency of citation and fidelity level was observed for Swertia chirayita (0.83 and 100% respectively). Artemisia dubia depicted the highest relative importance (91.67). A thorough review of previous literature and analysis of field data revealed 90 new therapeutic use reports for 42 ailments belonging to 64 plant species.Conclusions: The ethnomedicinal study of the Chyangthapu-Phalaicha biological sub-corridor in the Kangchenjunga Landscape indicates that the area supports significant medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge. The varied use of reported medicinal plants in the area indicates the need for their cultivation, processing and phytochemical investigation, especially for those with high ethnobotanical indices.

scholarly journals Indigenous knowledge of ethnomedicinal plants by the Assamese community in Dibrugarh District, Assam, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 18297-18312
Author(s):  
Pranati Gogoi ◽  
Namita Nath
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
High Degree

The present investigation is an attempt to study the uses of ethnomedicinal plants in traditional knowledge system among the Assamese community of Dibrugarh District in Assam.  All the relevant data were collected during 2017–2019 by following standard ethnobotanical methods through personal interviews as well as through focus group discussions with a total of 193 informants including 62 men and 131 women.  The use value (UV) of the medicinal plants and informant consensus factors (FIC) values were determined.  In the study 174 ethnomedicinal plant species were documented belonging to 147 genera and 78 families.  Except for three species, the 171 species are Angiosperms mostly collected from the wild.  Among the 174 species of medicinal plants, 12 species are listed under various categories by IUCN and CITES.  All these plants are used to treat various diseases that are grouped under 13 ICPC (International Classification of Primary Care) disease categories, with the highest use value (0.54) recorded in Leucas aspera followed by Paederia scandens with (0.5) use value.  This confirms that these plants are important traditional herbs with potent medicinal uses.  The highest informant consensus factor with the highest number of species (93) being used for the digestive system (FIC= 0.76%), followed by oral and dentistry (FIC= 0.73%) category.  The ethnic communities in the district are rich in traditional knowledge which is evident from the use records and high degree of consensus among the informants.

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