scholarly journals Diethylcarbamazine Attenuates the Development of Carrageenan-Induced Lung Injury in Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edlene Lima Ribeiro ◽  
Karla Patricia de Souza Barbosa ◽  
Ingrid Tavares Fragoso ◽  
Mariana Aragão Matos Donato ◽  
Fabiana Oliveira dos Santos Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Acute Lung Inflammation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) is an antifilarial drug with potent anti-inflammatory properties as a result of its interference with the metabolism of arachidonic acid. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of DEC in a mouse model of acute inflammation (carrageenan-induced pleurisy). The injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity induced the accumulation of fluid containing a large number of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) as well as infiltration of PMNs in lung tissues and increased production of nitrite and tumor necrosis factor-αand increased expression of interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Carrageenan also induced the expression of nuclear factor-κB. The oral administration of DEC (50 mg/Kg) three days prior to the carrageenan challenge led to a significant reduction in all inflammation markers. The present findings demonstrate that DEC is a potential drug for the treatment of acute lung inflammation.

scholarly journals Crocetin Downregulates the Proinflammatory Cytokines in Methylcholanthrene-Induced Rodent Tumor Model and Inhibits COX-2 Expression in Cervical Cancer Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Chen ◽  
Zhao-Hui Hou ◽  
Zhe Dong ◽  
Chun-Dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Uterine Cervical Cancer ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The effect of crocetin (C20H24O4) on methylcholanthrene- (MCA-) induced uterine cervical cancer in mice was studied in this paper. After the mice were treated orally with crocetin, maleic dialdehyde (MDA), polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were examined by ELISA or immunohistochemistry. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activation inHeLacells was analyzed using fluorescence microscopy for light microscopic examination. The MCA mice showed a significant increase in plasma MDA, PMN, IL-1β, TNF-α, and nitrates levels. At the same time, the mRNA level of COX-2 inHeLacells was also significantly increased. These changes were attenuated by crocetin supplementation in the MCA mice. Crocetin supplementation in the MCA mice also showed protection against cervical cancer. These results suggest that crocetin may act as a chemopreventive and an anti-inflammatory agent.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect ofHelicteres gardnerianaEthanol Extract on Acute Inflammation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Oliveira de Melo ◽  
Laura Lícia Milani de Arruda ◽  
Silmara Baroni ◽  
Maria da Conceição Torrado Truiti ◽  
Silvana Martins Caparroz-Assef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Perivascular Space ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The anti-inflammatory effect of an ethanol extract ofHelicteres gardneriana(Nees) Castiglioni was assayed in experimental models of pleurisy and microcirculationin situ. Treatment of animals with 500 mg/kg body weight reduced the exudate volume (35% reduction) induced by intrapleural injection of carrageenan and the migration of polymorphonuclear cells into the inflamed pleural cavity of rats (40%). Additionally, rolling and adhesion of leukocytes and the number of leukocytes that migrated toward the perivascular space in response to the carrageenan injection were decreased by the extract (500 mg/kg). These data demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanol extract ofHelicteres gardnerianaand imply that inhibition of leukocyte-endothelial interactions is important in the extract's mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Bioactive Diterpenes, Norditerpenes, and Sesquiterpenes from a Formosan Soft Coral Cespitularia sp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1252
Author(s):  
You-Cheng Lin ◽  
Chi-Chien Lin ◽  
Yi-Chia Chu ◽  
Chung-Wei Fu ◽  
Jyh-Horng Sheu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Chemical investigation of the soft coral Cespitularia sp. led to the discovery of twelve new verticillane-type diterpenes and norditerpenes: cespitulins H–O (1–8), one cyclic diterpenoidal amide cespitulactam L (9), norditerpenes cespitulin P (10), cespitulins Q and R (11 and 12), four new sesquiterpenes: cespilins A–C (13–15) and cespitulolide (16), along with twelve known metabolites. The structures of these metabolites were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 2D NMR experiments. Anti-inflammatory effects of the isolated compounds were studied by evaluating the suppression of pro-inflammatory protein tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) overproduction, and the inhibition of the gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), in lipopolysaccharide-induced dendritic cells. A number of these metabolites were found to exhibit promising anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) onEimeria papillata-Induced Infection in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar S. O. Amer ◽  
Mohamed A. Dkhil ◽  
Wafaa M. Hikal ◽  
Saleh Al-Quraishy
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Coccidiosis is the most prevalent disease causing widespread economic loss, especially in poultry farms. Here, we investigated the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on the outcome of coccidiosis caused byEimeria papillatain mice. The data showed that mice infected withE. papillataand treated with PPE revealed a significant decrease in the output of oocysts in their faeces by day 5 p.i. Infection also induced inflammation and injury of the jejunum. This was evidenced (i) as increases in reactive oxygen species, (ii), as increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes in blood (ii) as increased mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Bcl-2 gene, and of the cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and (iv) as downregulation of mucin gene MUC2 mRNA. All these infection-induced parameters were significantly altered during PPE treatment. In particular, PPE counteracted theE. papillata-induced loss of the total antioxidant capacity. Our data indicated that PPE treatment significantly attenuated inflammation and injury of the jejunum induced byE. papillatainfections.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Mechanisms ofFatsia polycarpaHayata and Its Constituents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsueh-Ling Cheng ◽  
Nurkholis ◽  
Shi-Yie Cheng ◽  
Shen-Da Huang ◽  
Yan-Ting Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Fatsia polycarpa, a plant endemic to Taiwan, is an herbal medicine known for treating several inflammation-related diseases, but its biological function needs scientific support. Thus, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of the methanolic crude extract (MCE) ofF. polycarpaand its feature constituents, that is, brassicasterol (a phytosterol), triterpenoids 3α-hydroxyolean-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid (HODA), 3α-hydroxyolean-11-en-28,13β-olide (HOEO), fatsicarpain D, and fatsicarpain F, were investigated. MCE and HOEO, but not brassicasterol, dose-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-)induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in RAW 264.7 macrophage line, whereas HODA, fatsicarpain D and fatsicarpain F were toxic to RAW cells. Additionally, MCE and HOEO suppressed LPS-induced production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and interleukin-1βand interfered with LPS-promoted activation of the inhibitor kappa B kinase (IKK)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, and that of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. In animal tests, MCE and HOEO effectively ameliorated 12-O-tetradecanoylphorobol-13 acetate- (TPA-)induced ear edema of mice. Thus, MCE ofF. polycarpaexhibited an obvious anti-inflammatory activityin vivoandin vitrothat likely involved the inhibition of the IKK/NF-κB pathway and the MAPKs, which may be attributed by triterpenoids such as HOEO.

scholarly journals Robustaflavone Isolated from Nandina domestica Using Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation Downregulates Inflammatory Mediators

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ara Jo ◽  
Hyun Ji Yoo ◽  
Mina Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Interleukin 1 Beta ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Ht 29 ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Nandina domestica (Berberidaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cough. This plant is distributed in Korea, Japan, China, and India This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory phytochemicals obtained from the N. domestica fruits. We isolated a biflavonoid-type phytochemical, robustaflavone (R), from N. domestica fruits through bioactivity-guided fractionation based on its capacity to inhibit inflammation. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of R isolated from N. domestica has not yet been studied. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of R using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. We have shown that R reduces the production of nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6. Western blot analysis showed that R suppresses the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and downregulates the expression of LPS-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinases (pERK 1/2). Moreover, R inhibited IL-8 release in LPS-induced human colonic epithelial cells (HT-29). These results suggest that R could be a potential therapeutic candidate for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

scholarly journals Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cancer Properties of Farnesol

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Jung ◽  
Sun Hwang ◽  
Gautam Sethi ◽  
Lu Fan ◽  
Frank Arfuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ras Protein ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Light Chain Enhancer ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Farnesol, an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, is predominantly found in essential oils of various plants in nature. It has been reported to exhibit anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, and also alleviate allergic asthma, gliosis, and edema. In numerous tumor cell lines, farnesol can modulate various tumorigenic proteins and/or modulates diverse signal transduction cascades. It can also induce apoptosis and downregulate cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell survival. To exert its anti-inflammatory/anti-oncogenic effects, farnesol can modulate Ras protein and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells activation to downregulate the expression of various inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-6. In this review, we describe the potential mechanisms of action underlying the therapeutic effects of farnesol against cancers and inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, these findings support the clinical development of farnesol as a potential pharmacological agent in clinical studies.

Roles of IL-1 and TNF in the decreased ileal muscle contractility induced by lipopolysaccharide

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (6) ◽  
pp. G1356-G1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Lodato ◽  
A. Rizwan Khan ◽  
Malgorzata J. Zembowicz ◽  
Norman W. Weisbrodt ◽  
Thomas A. Pressley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Muscle Contractility ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stasis ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Gastrointestinal stasis during sepsis may be associated with gastrointestinal smooth muscle dysfunction. Endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] impairs smooth muscle contraction, in part through inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS II) and enhanced nitric oxide production. We studied the roles of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in this process by using TNF binding protein (TNFbp) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Rats were treated with TNFbp and IL-1ra, or their vehicles, 1 h before receiving LPS or saline. At 5 h after LPS, contractility was measured in strips of ileal longitudinal smooth muscle, and NOS II activity was measured in full-thickness segments of ileum. LPS decreased maximum stress (mean ± SE) from 508 ± 55 (control) to 355 ± 33 g/cm2( P < 0.05). Pretreatment with TNFbp plus IL-1ra prevented the LPS-induced decrease. Separate studies of TNFbp alone or IL-1ra alone indicated that, at the doses and timing used, TNFbp was more effective. LPS also increased NOS II activity by >10-fold ( P < 0.01) over control. This increase was prevented by TNFbp plus IL-1ra ( P = not significant vs. control). We conclude that the LPS-induced increase in NOS II activity and the decrease in ileal muscle contractility are mediated by TNF and IL-1.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis and Investigation of the Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 7-O-Amide Hesperetin Derivatives

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3663
Author(s):  
Yilong Zhang ◽  
Yan Zheng ◽  
Wen Shi ◽  
Yahui Guo ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

To develop new anti-inflammatory agents, a series of 7-O-amide hesperetin derivatives was designed, synthesized and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using RAW264.7 cells. All compounds showed inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO production. Among them, 7-O-(2-(Propylamino)-2-oxoethyl)hesperetin (4d) and 7-O-(2-(Cyclopentylamino)-2-oxoethyl)hesperetin (4k) with hydrophobic side chains exhibited the most potent NO inhibitory activity (IC50 = 19.32 and 16.63 μM, respectively), showing stronger inhibitory effect on the production of pro- inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) than indomethacin and celecoxib at 10 μM. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) suggested that the 7-O-amide unit was buried in a medium-sized hydrophobic cavity of the bound receptor. Furthermore, compound 4d could also significantly suppress the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase enzymes (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), through the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway.

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