scholarly journals Photocatalytic Decolourization of Direct Yellow 9 on Titanium and Zinc Oxides

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Regulska ◽  
Diana Małgorzata Bruś ◽  
Joanna Karpińska
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Zinc Oxides ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal

The photodecolourization of Direct Yellow 9, a member of the group of azo dyes which are commonly used in the various branches of the industry, was investigated. The photostability of this dye was not previously examined. Photocatalytic degradation method was evaluated. Solar simulated light (E=500 W/m2), titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide were used as irradiation source and photocatalysts, respectively. Kinetic studies were performed on a basis of a spectrophotometric method. Degradation efficiency was assessed by applying high performance liquid chromatography. Disappearance of a dye from titanium dioxide and zinc oxide surfaces after degradation was confirmed by thermogravimetry and Raman microscopy. Direct Yellow 9 was found to undergo the photodegradation with approximately two times higher efficiency when zinc oxide was applied in comparison with titanium dioxide. A simple and promising way to apply the photocatalytic removal of Direct Yellow 9 in titanium dioxide and zinc oxide suspensions was presented.

Factors Affecting Aflatoxin B1 Removal by Flavobacterium aurantiacum

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. LINE ◽  
R. E. BRACKETT
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Aflatoxin Concentration

This study was conducted to investigate several factors affecting the removal of aflatoxin B1 by Flavobacterium aurantiacum NRRL B-184. A simple spectrophotometric procedure was evaluated and compared to an established high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and found to be useful for determining aflatoxin concentration in test solutions of phosphate buffer. Using the spectrophotometric method, 72-h cultures of F. aurantiacum were observed to remove more toxin from solution than 24-h cultures. Likewise, populations of 1010cells removed aflatoxin at a faster rate than did 109 cells, although the total amount removed did not differ. Transferring F. aurantiacum cultures in tryptic soy broth every 3 days for over 3 days for over 8 months had no apparent effect on their ability to remove measurable amounts of aflatoxin B1 from solution. Populations of 1 × 109 CFU/ml or less heat-inactivated F. aurantiacum were unable to remove aflatoxin B1 from phosphate buffer.

scholarly journals Pentosidine as a Measure of Chronological Age in Wild Birds

The Auk ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Chaney ◽  
Kenneth P. Blemings ◽  
James Bonner ◽  
Hillar Klandorf
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Nonenzymatic Glycation ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Skin Samples

Abstract Birds have few reliable indicators of aging. Pentosidine is a product of nonenzymatic glycation that accumulates in tissues of an animal over its lifespan. The intent of this study was to determine if accumulation of skin pentosidine in birds of known ages changed as a function of time. Skin samples were obtained from the breast of 45 birds of various species obtained from the national aviary. In addition, foot webbing samples were obtained from 17 California Gulls (Larus callifornicus) of known ages. Collagen was measured by a hydroxypro-line spectrophotometric method and pentosidine was quantified using reverse phase high-performance liquid-chromatography. Pentosidine concentration in the skin and foot webbing increased linearly with age (P < 0.001). Hydroxyproline concentrations from the foot webbing were comparable to that measured in the skin; however, pentosidine concentrations were approximately one-fourth of that in skin. Knowledge regarding longevity of birds could provide information for species survival programs and insight into variations in longevity of an entire population.

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