scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bioaccessible Fraction fromEryngium foetidumLeaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwitcha Dawilai ◽  
Chawanphat Muangnoi ◽  
Phawachaya Praengamthanachoti ◽  
Siriporn Tuntipopipat
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Micelles ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bioaccessible Fraction

Eryngium foetidum(EF) has long been used as a medicinal plant and culinary spice in tropical regions. Phytochemicals in its leaves have been proposed to be responsible for the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The present study usedin vitrodigestion coupled with Caco-2 cells to assess such activities. Caco-2 cells were incubated with aqueous fraction from simulated digestion (bioaccessible fraction) of EF leaves with/without bile extract prior to stimulation with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-8 in culture media and the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Approximately 24%β-carotene and 35% lutein of leaves were present in the aqueous fraction. The transfer of caffeic and chlorogenic acids to the aqueous fraction was 76%–81%, while that of kaempferol was 48%. Prior incubation of Caco-2 cells with the bioaccessible fraction suppressed IL-1βactivated IL-8 and MCP-1 by 33%, but the fraction lacking mixed micelles decreased IL-8 and MCP-1 levels only by 11%. The pretreatment of Caco-2 cells with the bioaccessible fraction of EF reduced ROS by 34%; the fraction lacking mixed micelles decreased ROS by 28%. These data suggest that bioactive compounds partitioning in mixed micelles play a significant role to suppress the proinflammatory insult but with a modest antioxidant effect.

scholarly journals Treatment with the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone downregulates interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in individuals with metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bente Halvorsen ◽  
Eli Heggen ◽  
Thor Ueland ◽  
Camilla Smith ◽  
Wiggo J Sandberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Pparγ Agonist ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

ObjectivesThiazolidinediones (TZDs) reduce insulin resistance, but also have pleiotropic properties including effects on inflammation. The balance between protective and proatherogenic effects may differ in various patient populations. We studied the effect of rosiglitazone on inflammatory markers in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn).MethodsIn a cross-over randomized controlled trial, 23 subjects with MetSyn were assigned to treatment with rosiglitazone that was uptitrated from 4 mg/day for 6 weeks followed by 8 mg/day for 6 weeks or matching placebo for 12 weeks, and then to the opposite treatment for 12 weeks. Plasma levels of inflammatory and metabolic markers were measured during follow-up.ResultsOur main findings were i) compared to placebo, rosiglitazone significantly decreased the plasma levels of the naturally occurring interleukin (IL)1 inhibitor, IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra; P=0.001), potentially reflecting inflammatory effects on the IL1 system; ii) parallel to this, rosiglitazone decreased plasma levels of IL10 (P=0.029) further suggesting inflammatory effects; iii) rosiglitazone decreased uric acid levels (P=0.001), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P=0.05) and C-reactive protein (P=0.06) tended to be lower after rosiglitazone than placebo, suggesting potential pro- and anti-inflammatory effects simultaneously and iv) in vitro, rosiglitazone enhanced IL1Ra and decreased IL1β in THP-1 monocytes, illustrating the complex effects of these medications, potentially exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects on the IL1 system in certain tissues or cells at least at certain concentrations.ConclusionOur findings suggest inflammatory effects on the IL1 system during rosiglitazone therapy in MetSyn. However, anti-inflammatory effects were also observed, and the net effect of TZDs in MetSyn should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Exemestane Attenuates Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats by Inhibiting Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells and Promoting the Secretion of Interleukin 10

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Hui Wang ◽  
Rong-Kun Li ◽  
Ying Fu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Xiao-Mei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Hepatic Stellate Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Exemestane (EXE) is an irreversible steroidal aromatase inhibitor mainly used as an adjuvant endocrine therapy for postmenopausal women suffering from breast cancer. Besides inhibiting aromatase activity, EXE has multiple biological functions, such as antiproliferation, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities which are all involved in hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, we investigated the role of EXE during the progress of hepatic fibrosis. The effect of EXE on liver injury and fibrosis were assessed in two hepatic fibrosis rat models, which were induced by either carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or bile duct ligation (BDL). The influence of EXE treatment on activation and proliferation of primary rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was observedin vitro. The results showed that EXE attenuated the liver fibrosis by decreasing the collagen deposition andα-SMA expressionin vivoand inhibited the activation and proliferation of primary rat HSCsin vitro. Additionally, EXE promoted the secretion of antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10in vivoand in HSC-T6 culture media. In conclusion, our findings reveal a new function of EXE on hepatic fibrosis and prompted its latent application in liver fibrotic-related disease.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Volatile Compounds and Minerals in Five Different Onion Varieties

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Abeer Elhakem ◽  
Mona Alharbi ◽  
Manal Almatrafi ◽  
Nada Benajiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Red Variety ◽  
A Minor

Onions contain high antioxidants compounds that fight inflammation against many diseases. The purpose was to investigate some selected bioactive activities of onion varieties (Yellow, Red, Green, Leek, and Baby). Antioxidant assays and anti-inflammatory activities such as NO production with the addition of some bioactive components were determined and analyzed by using a spectrophotometer. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used for the volatile compounds, while an Atomic absorption spectrometer was used for mineral determinations. Red variety achieved the highest antioxidant activities. The total flavonoids were between (12.56 and 353.53 mg Quercetin/gin dry weight) (dw) and the total phenol was (8.75–25.73 mg/g dw). Leek, Yellow and Green extracts achieved highly anti-inflammatory values (3.71–4.01 μg/mL) followed by Red and Baby extracts, respectively. The highest contents of sodium, potassium, zinc, and calcium were established for Red onions. Furfuraldehyde, 5-Methyl-2-furfuraldehyde, 2-Methyl-2-pentenal, and 1-Propanethiol were the most predominant, followed by a minor abundance of the other compounds such as Dimethyl sulfide, Methyl allyl disulfide, Methyl-trans-propenyl-disulfide, and Methyl propyl disulfide. The results recommend that these varieties could act as sources of essential antioxidants and anti-inflammatories to decrease inflammation and oxidative stresses, especially red onions that recorded high activities.

scholarly journals Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Larval Extracts Induce Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Migratory Effects on MCF7 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3303
Author(s):  
Amina M. G. Zedan ◽  
Mohamed I. Sakran ◽  
Omar Bahattab ◽  
Yousef M. Hawsawi ◽  
Osama Al-Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Vespa Orientalis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The use of insects as a feasible and useful natural product resource is a novel and promising option in alternative medicine. Several components from insects and their larvae have been found to inhibit molecular pathways in different stages of cancer. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae on breast cancer MCF7 cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that individual treatment with 5% aqueous or alcoholic larval extract inhibited MCF7 proliferation but had no cytotoxic effect on normal Vero cells. The anticancer effect was mediated through (1) induction of apoptosis, as indicated by increased expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, caspase3, and p53) and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2; (2) suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species; (3) elevation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and upregulation of the antioxidant regulator Nrf2 and its downstream target HO-1; (4) inhibition of migration as revealed by in vitro wound healing assay and downregulation of the migration-related gene MMP9 and upregulation of the anti-migratory gene TIMP1; and (5) downregulation of inflammation-related genes (NFκB and IL8). The aqueous extract exhibited the best anticancer effect with higher antioxidant activities but lower anti-inflammatory properties than the alcoholic extract. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds with highest concentrations for resveratrol and naringenin in aqueous extract and rosmarinic acid in alcoholic extract. This is the first report to explain the intracellular pathway by which flavonoids and phenolic compounds-rich extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae could induce MCF7 cell viability loss through the initiation of apoptosis, activation of antioxidants, and inhibition of migration and inflammation. Therefore, these extracts could be used as adjuvants for anticancer drugs and as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HINGULESWARA RASABASED HERBOMINERAL FORMULATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Abhishek Chatterjee ◽  
Dileep Singh Baghel ◽  
Bimlesh Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
Narendra Kumar Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Made In ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The aims of the present investigation were to develop the herbal and/or herbomineral formulations of Hinguleswara rasa and to compare their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, in vitro, with that of standard drug samples.Methods: This study was an interventional investigation in three samples: In the first sample, Hinguleswara rasa (HR1) was prepared as per methodology described in Rasatarangini using Shuddha Hingula (10 g), Shuddha Vatsanabha (10 g), and Pippali (10 g). In the second and third sample, respectively, Hinguleswara rasa was prepared by replacing Shuddha Hingula with Kajjali where Kajjali made from Hingulotha parada and Sodhita parada constitutes two varieties of Hinguleswara rasa, i.e. HR2 and HR3. In vitro antioxidant activity was studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and the absorbance was recorded at 517 nm. For evaluating the in vitro anti-inflammatory studies, the inhibition of albumin denaturation technique was performed.Results: The results showed that the formulation of Hinguleswara rasa has shown dose-dependent activity which was observed in 100 μg concentration. HR1, HR2, and HR3 showed 36.11, 17.22, and 16.11% radical scavenging activity.Conclusion: It could be concluded that the changes made in the formulations did not affect the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the herbomineral formulations.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Calyces from Physalis peruviana

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina M. Toro ◽  
Diana M. Aragón ◽  
Luis F. Ospina ◽  
Freddy A. Ramos ◽  
Leonardo Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Edema Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bio Assay

Physalis peruviana calyces are used extensively in folk medicine. The crude ethanolic extract and some fractions of calyces were evaluated in order to explore antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the TPA-induced ear edema model. The antioxidant in vitro activity was measured by means of the superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity of the extracts and fractions. The butanolic fraction was found to be promising due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Therefore, a bio-assay guided approach was employed to isolate and identify rutin (1) and nicotoflorin (2) from their NMR spectroscopic and MS data. The identification of rutin in calyces of P. peruviana supports the possible use of this waste material for phytotherapeutic, nutraceutical and cosmetic preparations.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of a Topical Anti-Inflammatory Preparation Containing Dodonaea polyandra Extract

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley S Simpson ◽  
Xianling Luo ◽  
Jiping Wang ◽  
Yunmei Song ◽  
David Claudie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Skin Model ◽  
Inflammation Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose: We have previously reported that the Australian Northern Kaanju (Kuuku I’yu) medicinal plant Dodonaea polyandra has anti-inflammatory activity. This is attributed largely to the presence of clerodane diterpenoids contained within the leaf resin. We envisaged developing a topical preparation to treat indications relating to skin inflammation. However, it was unknown whether the resin could be incorporated into a suitable dosage form while retaining the therapeutic value demonstrated in previous work. Therefore, the following study was undertaken to assess parameters of safety and efficacy for a prototype formulation containing the leaf resin extracted from D. polyandra. Methods: Using the assessment criteria of optimum appearance, tactile feeling, spreadability and odour, 78 different formulations were developed. Formulation stability was assessed using a centrifugal test with preparations displaying phase separation further modified or re-formulated. A prototype formulation containing 5% w/w plant resin was selected and subjected to in vitro release studies. This was quantified through HPLC analysis using two major bioactive diterpenoids as reference. The prototype formulation was tested for efficacy in a TPA-induced acute murine skin inflammation model as well as a 3D human skin model for irritancy/toxicity (Epiderm™). Results: The prototype resin cream was a chartreuse-coloured homogenous semisolid preparation that was readily spreadable upon contact with skin with no sensation of tackiness, residual greasiness, or irritation. The optimized cream showed no phase separation after 30 min centrifugation at 825 g. In the TPA-induced inflammation model, the resin formulation significantly reduced ear thickness and interleukin-1 beta levels in mouse ear tissue. The 5% w/w resin cream formulation showed no irritancy in a 3D human skin model. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that bioactive resin from D. polyandra can be formulated into a stable and non-irritant semi-solid dosage form and reduce parameters of acute skin inflammation in vivo. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals Artemisinin Ameliorates Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 2575-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Zhong ◽  
Ruiming Liang ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Tongmeng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Chondrocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background/Aims: Current drug therapies for osteoarthritis (OA) are not practical because of the cytotoxicity and severe side-effects associated with most of them. Artemisinin (ART), an antimalarial agent, is well known for its safety and selectivity to kill injured cells. Based on its anti-inflammatory activity and role in the inhibition of OA-associated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is crucial in the pathogenesis of OA, we hypothesized that ART might have an effect on OA. Methods: The chondro-protective and antiarthritic effects of ART on interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β)-induced and OA patient-derived chondrocytes were investigated in vitro using cell viability assay, glycosaminoglycan secretion, immunofluorescence, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. We also used OA model rats constructed by anterior cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscus resection (ACLT+MMx) in the joints to investigate the effects of ART on OA by gross observation, morphological staining, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: ART exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and matrix metallopeptidase-13. It also showed favorable chondro-protective effect as evidenced by enhanced cell proliferation and viability, increased glycosaminoglycan deposition, prevention of chondrocyte apoptosis, and degeneration of cartilage. Further, ART inhibited OA progression and cartilage degradation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting that it might serve as a Wnt/β-catenin antagonist to reduce inflammation and prevent cartilage degradation. Conclusion: In conclusion, ART alleviates IL-1β-mediated inflammatory response and OA progression by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thereby, it might be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for OA.

2,5-disubstituted-4-thiazolidinones: Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging potentials and structural insights through molecular docking

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagseer Singh ◽  
Pooja A Chawla ◽  
Rohit Bhatia ◽  
Shamsher Singh
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Acidic Group ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

: The present work reports synthesis and screening of fifteen 2,5-disubstituted-4-thiazolidinones with different substitutions of varied arylidene groups at imino. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by spectral characterization. The compounds were subjected to in vivo anti-inflammatory and in vitro antioxidant activities. The derivatives possessed remarkable activities quite close to standard drugs used. Unlike conventional non-selective NSAIDs, the synthesized compounds did not contain any acidic group, thereby ensuring a complete cure from ulcers. To further substantiate the claim for safer derivatives, the active compounds were docked against the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 enzyme. It was found that 4-fluorophenylimino substituent at 2- position and 3-nitro moiety on a 5-benzylidene nucleus of the 4-thiazolidinone derivative fitted in the COX-2 binding pocket. The compounds exhibited remarkable activity in scavenging free radicals, as depicted by the DPPH assay method. The structure-activity relationship was also established in the present work with respect to the nature and position of the substituents. The active compounds were evaluated for drug-like nature under Lipinski’s rule of five, and the toxicity behaviour of active compounds was predicted using ADMETlab software. The compounds have the potential to target degenerative disorders associated with inflammation and the generation of free radicals.

Investigation of the Anti-cataract and Antioxidant Activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaves Extract In vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Henry Bulama ◽  
Daniel Dahiru ◽  
Joshua Madu
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius

Background: Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and anti-cataract activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves extract and fractions. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), total reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Anti-cataract potential was evaluated in vitro using goat lenses divided into eight groups of different treatments and incubated in artificial aqueous humor at 37 °C for 72 hours. Glucose-induced opacity in the lenses was observed and biochemical indices quantified (catalase, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein in the lens homogenate). Results: The crude extract and its fractions possess substantial antioxidant activities. The aqueous fraction exhibited the best DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 value 78.599 µg/ml); while the dichloromethane fraction exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 66.68 µg/ml. The anti-cataract evaluation of crude and fractions at 250 μg/ml showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the total protein and catalase activity compared to the cataract control group. The malonaldehyde level decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all the treated groups.

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