scholarly journals Devastated Crops: Multifunctional Efficacy for the Production of Nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Madhumitha ◽  
Selvaraj Mohana Roopan
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Nanoparticles Synthesis ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Specific Shape ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Shape And Size

Integration of green chemistry principles to nanotechnology is one of the key issues in nanoscience research. Biological methods were used to synthesize metal and metal oxide nanoparticles of specific shape and size since they enhance the properties of nanoparticles in greener route. Plant-mediated methods devoid the use of toxic chemicals in the synthetic protocols which has adverse effects on the environment. Owing to the rich biodiversity of plants and their potential secondary constituents, plants and plant parts have gained attention in recent years as medium for nanoparticles' synthesis. In this review, we present the current status of nanoparticles synthesis using devastated crops.

scholarly journals The Current Status and Problems with the Implementation of Interprofessional Education in Japan.

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Ogawa ◽  
Yoshinori Takahashi ◽  
Misako Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Key Issues

Background: Although interprofessional education (IPE) has come to be considered essential in health and social care education programs, most IPE programs in Japan focus on clinical settings. However, following the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, IPE programs are considered essential for community development, especially in disaster-affected areas. To identify key issues for the development of IPE, we aimed to clarify the current status of IPE programs and problems in their implementation using an original questionnaire. Methods and Findings: The targets were 865 undergraduate courses that qualify students to take national registered health/social care examinations. Effective responses were received from 284 targets. Of these 284 respondents, 103 respondents had already implemented an IPE program and 181 respondents had not. Among the 103 respondents who had already implemented an IPE program, we found a tendency to collaborate with partners in clinical settings or in social settings. Furthermore, respondents who had implemented or were planning to implement an IPE program had difficulty with ‘interdisciplinary and/or extramural collaboration’ and ‘educational factors’. Conclusions: These difficulties could be considered barriers to developing effective IPE programs for community-based collaboration between health and social care professionals. Future research should investigate more specific solutions to these problems.

scholarly journals CURRENT PHARMACOLOGICAL STATUS OF CARDIOPROTECTIVE PLANTS AGAINST ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Syeda Nishat Fathima ◽  
Vasudeva Murthy S
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Heart Muscle Cells ◽  
Modern Era

 Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the modern era. Myocardial infarction is a condition where there is a significant decrease or block in the blood (oxygen) supply to the part of heart, leading to degeneration of a portion of the myocardium which triggers a cascade of cellular, inflammatory and biochemical events, leading eventually to the irreversible death (necrosis) of heart muscle cells. Various therapeutic interventions, including lifestyle modification, pharmacological treatment options, and surgical techniques are available. The present review focus on the plants that have been evaluated for cardioprotective activity against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction.Method: The current status of Cardioprotective plants was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus up to 2017 for publications on medicinal plants used against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Isoproterenol, Isoprenaline, myocardial infarction, cardioprotective were used as keywords for the searching.Result: A total of 117 different plant parts and their extracts have till now been published to possess cardioprotection against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Isoproterenol a beta-adrenergic receptors agonist causes severe stress in myocardium resulting in the infarct-like lesion and produced cardiotoxic effects by elevating the levels of cardiac biomarkers and causing changes in ECG. Plant-based medicines with their antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antihyperlipidemic, platelet antiaggregatory, anti-lipid peroxidation property provide substantial evidence for the management of Ischemia.Conclusion: This review, therefore, provides a useful resource to enable a thorough assessment of the profile of plants that have cardioprotective activity against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals Studies on macromorphological taxonomic variations in Abutilon species of Indian Thar Desert

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Ilham Bano ◽  
Deora G.S.
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Thar Desert ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Seed Structure ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant ◽  
Shape And Size

Abutilon is an important medicinal plant. Its various plant parts such as leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds were used to treat various diseases and ailments from the ancient time. Present work deals with the investigation of three species of Abutilonviz. Abutilon indicum, Abutilon pannosumand Abutilon ramosum with a view to study macro morphological variations and to identify a set of diagnostic characters for individual Abutilon species. Distinct variations exist in stem surface and colour, leaf shape and size, flower diameter, fruit colour, shape and size, number of mericarps per fruit and seed structure. All these macromorphological variations were helpful in identification and delineation of the plant species.

Love Affairs, Dating and Sexual Behaviour among Unmarried Youth: A Qualitative Investigation Carried Out Immediately Prior to The Covid-19 Pandemic in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Malith Kumarasinghe ◽  
W. Indralal De Silva ◽  
W. S. M. Goonatilaka
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Casual Sex ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Key Issues

Initiation and continuation of healthy relationships among youth critical for the long-term wellbeing of the youth. Present socio-cultural environment presents numerous pitfalls which inhibit such relationships. Aim of this qualitative investigation was to describe the current status, trends and patterns of love affairs, dating and sexual behaviour among unmarried youth in Sri Lanka. Case studies, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were selected as methods of data collection. Thematic analysis was used. Four themes were generated, namely initiation of love affairs; dating and sexual behaviour, preferences, pattern and places; phycological, physical and sexual issues and violence related to love affairs and dating behaviour; assistance and advice on issues, problems in love affairs, dating and sexual behaviour. One of the key issues identified was lack of reliable person to seek advice for issues related to love affairs, dating and sexual behaviour among youth. Unmarried youth should be desensitized of the norms that inhibit the communication of love affairs, dating, sexuality and reproduction. Furthermore, a mechanism to identify high risk youth groups: those who have multiple love affairs, youth with inadequate knowledge of STIs, youth with casual sex, victims of sexual harassment need be designed and implemented

scholarly journals Lassa Fever: Viral Replication, Disease Pathogenesis, and Host Immune Modulations

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Hinh Ly
Keyword(s):  
Lassa Fever ◽  
West African ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Virus Life Cycle ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Made In

Despite major discoveries made in the last few decades about Lassa fever, there are still many unresolved key issues that hamper the development of effective vaccines and therapies against this deadly disease that is endemic in several West African countries. Some of these issues include the lack of a detailed understanding of the viral and participating host factors in completing the virus life cycle, in mediating disease pathogenesis or protection from disease, and in activating or suppressing host innate and cellular immunity against virus infection, as well as of the animal models required for testing vaccines and therapeutics. This Special Issue is devoted to understanding some of these important issues and to exploring the current status of the research and development in combating Lassa fever.

Size- and Shape-Variant Magnetic Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Properties

2012 ◽  
pp. 183-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Stojak ◽  
Hariharan Srikanth ◽  
Pritish Mukherjee ◽  
Manh-Huong Phan ◽  
Nguyen T. K. Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Magnetic Metal ◽  
Nanoparticles Synthesis

Major Patterns in Botanical Diversity

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 171-186
Author(s):  
Peter R. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Cambrian Explosion ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Plant Fossil ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Rich

At a time when the popular perception of paleontology is dominated by images of dinosaurs and other spectacular vertebrates, or the mysteries surrounding the Cambrian “explosion” of animal life, it is perhaps not surprising that the rich and informative fossil record of plants has scarcely made an impact on the public consciousness. In reality, as one would expect from those organisms that comprise the bulk of the biological material in terrestrial ecosystems, the fossil record of plants is extensive (Stewart and Rothwell, 1993). Leaves, wood fragments, pollen grains, spores, fruits, seeds and other plant parts are the most common fossils in rocks deposited in ancient flood plains, lakes and many other environments - and they are often exquisitely preserved. This excellent fossil record provides important information about the ecology of ancient terrestrial ecosystems. The quality of the plant fossil record also makes paleobotanical data highly informative about the historical pattern of plant evolution. It is this pattern, and its congruence with patterns in the characters of living and fossil plants — as summarized in a classification — that is the focus of this chapter.

EFFECTIVENESS, BEHAVIOR, AND TOXICITY OF DISPERSANTS

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Mackay ◽  
Peter G. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Dispersed Oil ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Dispersant Effectiveness ◽  
Individual Hydrocarbons ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACT Three key issues must be addressed when deciding on the desirability of using chemical dispersants for mitigating the adverse effects of oil spills: (1) how effective a given dosage of dispersant will be on a given oil slick; (2) how the dispersed oil and dispersant diffuse into the water column, dissolve, volatilize, degrade, and interact with suspended and bottom sediments; and (3) what effects the dissolved and particulate oil and dispersant will have on water column and benthic biota. It is essential that the first two areas (physical and chemical studies) relate closely to the third (biological aspects) in order that bioassay exposure (in terms of concentration of dispersant, classes of and individual hydrocarbons, and duration) addressing the toxicity issue be realistic. Here, we review the current status of a research program which addresses these issues. Under the program, attempts are being made to quantify dispersant effectiveness (including consideration of effectiveness testing using the Mackay-Nadeau-Steelman system for oils which have evaporated and/or formed water-in-oil emulsions to various extents), water column diffusion, and partitioning of specific hydrocarbons among water, oil, and suspended sediment as well as into the atmosphere. A procedure is described which has been used to quantify the acute toxicity of dispersants to copepods and which is being extended to apply also to the toxic contributions of dissolved and particulate oil. Hopefully, by assembling quantitative expressions for effectiveness, behavior, and toxicity, those situations in which dispersion is desirable can be better identified.

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