scholarly journals Factors Affecting Microcuttings ofSteviaUsing a Mist-Chamber Propagation Box

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Osman ◽  
Nur Syamimi Samsudin ◽  
Golam Faruq ◽  
Arash Nezhadahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mist Chamber ◽  
Root Stimulation

Stevia rebaudianaBertoni is a member of Compositae family.Steviaplant has zero calorie content and its leaves are estimated to be 300 times sweeter than sugar. This plant is believed to be the most ideal substitute for sugar and important to assist in medicinal value especially for diabetic patients. In this study, microcutting techniques using a mist-chamber propagation box were used as it was beneficial for propagation ofSteviaand gave genetic uniformity to the plant. The effects of different treatments on root stimulation ofSteviain microcuttings technique were evaluated. Treatments studied were different sizes of shoot cuttings, plant growth regulators, lights, and shades. Data logger was used to record the mean value of humidity (>90% RH), light intensity (673–2045 lx), and temperature (28.6–30.1°C) inside the mist-chamber propagation box. From analysis of variance, there were significant differences between varieties and treatments in parameters studied (P<0.05). For the size of shoot cuttings treatment, 6 nodes cuttings were observed to increase root number. As compared to control, shoot cuttings treated with indole butyric acid (IBA) had better performance regarding root length. Yellow light and 50% shade treatments showed higher root and leaf number and these conditions can be considered as crucial for potential propagation ofStevia.

Determination Of Malondialdehyde In Normal And Diabetic Pregnancies

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Rákóczi ◽  
Gy Geró ◽  
J Demeter ◽  
I Gáti
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diabetic Pregnancy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Platelet Hyperaggregation ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Increased Activity

It is known that platelet hyperaggregation observed in diabetic patients is, at least in part, due to an increased activity of the endoperoxide-thromboxane forming metabolic pathway. It was interesting to determine the platelet malondialdehyde /MDA/ production in normal and diabetic pregnancies. Following individuals have been studied: /I/ twenty-five healthy non-pregnant volunteers; /II/ thirty women in third trimester of non-complicated pregnancies; /III/ twenty two diabetic pregnant women without retinopathy; /IV/ fifteen diabetic pregnant women with retinopathy. Platelet MDA production following N-ethyl-maleimide induced aggregation was measured according to Stuart et al. The mean value of MDA production was similar in volunteers and normal pregnant women /SDM, 7.07±0.73 nmoles MDA per 109 platelets; 7.22±0.81/. The mean MDA production in diabetic women without retinopathy was slightly but nonsignificantly higher than that in normal pregnant women /7.57±1.02; p>0.05/. The corresponding value in diabetic women with retinopathy was significantly higher than the values in the other three groups /8.47±0.82; p<0.01/. These data suggest that the activation of prostaglandin synthetic pathway /measured by MDA/ is significantly increased in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy. The increase of platelet prostaglandin synthesis in diabetic pregnancy might play an important role in initiating and/or promoting the small-vessel complications of placenta.

Factors Affecting Sampling Variability of Freshwater Periphyton and the Power of Periphyton Studies

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1695-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Morin ◽  
Antonella Cattaneo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sampling Unit ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Sampling Variability ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Artificial Streams ◽  
Size Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Strong Relationships

Estimates of periphyton abundance, biomass (as biovolume, chlorophyll, dry mass, or ash-free dry mass), and production were reanalyzed to examine the effect of the mean value, sampler size, type of substratum, and habitat on the variance of these estimates. There were strong relationships between the variance and the mean for all variables considered. Variability per sampling unit increased with sampler size for all variables except production and biovolume, which were both unaffected. Chlorophyll estimates were significantly less variable on artificial than on natural substrata, but this trend was not confirmed by other variables. For biovolume, the trend was reversed. Habitat affects periphyton variability only for some variables: production was more variable in streams than in lakes whereas chlorophyll was less variable in artificial streams than in any other habitat. Although periphyton tends to be less patchy than benthos, detection of small differences still requires a very intense sampling effort. Since the median replication is 3–10 in most published studies, only large differences can be detected with 95% probability, from twofold for the most precise variable (biovolume) to eightfold for the less precise variable (dry mass). Our ability to detect patterns in periphyton ecology is thus very limited.

scholarly journals Analysis of Differences of Serum Thromboxane B2 Level after Taking Acetosal in Acute Thrombotic Stroke with Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Nur Hadiyanti ◽  
Didik Hasmono ◽  
Mohammad Saiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Potent Agonist ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Txb2 Level

Endothelial dysfunction and vascular injuries are the early processes in thrombogenesis leading to thrombotic stroke. These processes trigger platelet activation characterized by synthesis of Thromboxane A2, potent agonist in platelet aggregation. Acetosal (ASA) 100 mg usually given to thrombotic stroke patients exerts its pharmacological effect by inhibition of TxA2 synthesis, thus could prevent thrombus formation. Diabetes mellitus (DM) as risk factor of thrombotic stroke exhibits an increase in TxA2 synthesis. It is not known whether ASA 100 mg could inhibit TxA2 adequately in diabetic patients. This study aimed to analyze the differences of serum TxA2 level, which was measured by serum TxB2 level as stabile metabolite of TxA2, after taking ASA 100 mg in diabetic and non-diabetic thrombotic stroke patients. This prospective observational study was held in Neurology Department of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Total 27 patients, consisted of 15 patients with DM and 12 patients with non-DM were enrolled. Serum TxB2 was measured before and after 5-7 days 100 mg ASA 100 administration. Mean value of serum TxB2 level before and after taking ASA was 16.43 ± 16.08 ng/mL and 2.93 ± 1.83 ng/mL in diabetic and 27.36 ± 21.04 ng/mL and 5.36 ± 4.06 ng/mL in non-diabetic group. Mean reduction of serum TxB2 level in diabetic and non-diabetic group was 13.49 ± 15.9 ng/mL and 22.00 ± 21.65 ng/mL. There were significant differences in serum TxB2 level after taking ASA 100 mg in diabetic and non-diabetic group but the mean reduction of serum TxB2 level were not significantly different.

scholarly journals Sonographic Assessment of Heel Pad Thickness in Patients With Poorly Controlled Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Effiong Udoh ◽  
Bassey Eyo Archibong ◽  
Akpama Egwu Egong
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Heel Pad ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim was to compare the heel pad thickness (HPT) in diabetic patients with high biochemical parameters (fasting blood sugar [FBS], hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], and lipid profile) with nondiabetic counterparts. A total of 438 subjects made up of 216 diabetics with high biochemical parameters (poorly controlled) and 222 apparently healthy subjects were recruited. The HPT, FBS level, HbA1c values and lipid profile, and duration of diabetes mellitus were assessed. Results showed that the mean HPT was 13.33 ± 1.29 mm in the control subjects and 16.79 ± 1.84 mm in diabetics. The HPT among diabetics differed significantly from the control group ( P < .05). The mean value of HbA1c in the control group was 5.4 ± 1.3 compared to diabetics with values of 8.53 ± 2.1. The values of HbA1c among diabetics were significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < .05). HPT had a significant linear relationship with HbA1c among the diabetic subjects ( r = 0.42, P < .05).

scholarly journals 2D-shear wave elastography: number of acquisitions can be reduced according to clinical setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Dioguardi Burgio ◽  
Jules Grégory ◽  
Maxime Ronot ◽  
Riccardo Sartoris ◽  
Gilles Chatellier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Supersonic Shear Imaging ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background The factors affecting intra-operator variability of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) have not been clearly established. We evaluated 2D-SWE variability according to the number of measurements, clinical and laboratory features, and liver stiffness measurements (LSM). Methods At least three LSM were performed in 452 patients who underwent LSM by 2D-SWE (supersonic shear imaging) out of an initial database of 1650 patients. The mean value of the three LSM was our best measurement method. Bland–Altman plots were used to evaluate intra-operator variability when considering only one, or the first two measurements. Variability was assessed by taking the absolute value of the difference between the first LSM and the mean of the three LSM. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with the highest tertile of variability. Results The limit of agreement was narrower with the mean of the first and second measurements than with each measurement taken separately (− 2.83 to 2.99 kPa vs. − 5.86 to 6.21 kPa and − 5.77 to 5.73 kPa for the first and second measurement, respectively). A BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and a first LSM by 2D-SWE ≥ 7.1 kPa increased the odds of higher variability by 3.4 and 3.9, respectively. Adding a second LSM didn’t change the variability in patients with BMI < 25 and a first LSM by 2D-SWE < 7.1 kPa. Conclusions Intra-operator variability of LSM by 2D-SWE increases with both a high BMI and high LSM value. In patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 and a first LSM < 7.1 kPa we recommend performing only one LSM.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the health literacy Status of Patients with type 2 Diabetes through Demographic Variables: A Case Study from Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
arash ziapour ◽  
Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar ◽  
Behzad Mahaki ◽  
Morteza Mansourian
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Critical Health Literacy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract BackgroundHealth literacy is the ability of a person to acquire the process, understand the necessary health information, and make the health services needed for conscious health decisions. Low levels of health literacy can impair the healthcare and treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Besides, diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder that affects patients' quantity and quality of life. Health literacy means cognitive and social skills, with the motivation and ability to understand and use health information, helping individuals maintain and promote their good health. This study focused on determining the factors that affect the health literacy status of type 2 diabetes patients through the role of the demographic variables.MethodologyThis descriptive-analytical research survey recruited a sample based on 280 diabetic patients at the Diabetes Research Center of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah in 2020 through a cross-sectional study design. This study selected the diabetes patients using the technique of a simple random sampling and study applied the tools of demographic information questionnaire and the functional, communicative and critical health literacy scale (FCCHL) to collect data of diabetes patients. This study used the SPSS version-23 on the received data sets to perform statistical analysis, including t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, to predict the factors affecting health literacy among diabetes patients.ResultsThe results showed the mean age of the participants 55.80±13.04 of diabetes patients. The mean and standard deviation of the health literacy score in diabetic patients indicated 2.70±0.44, respectively. The findings specify that there is a statistically significant relationship between health literacy, gender, education, occupation, income, and place of residence. The most robust predictors of health literacy are income variables (β=0.170), age (β=0.176), and employment (β=0.157).ConclusionThe results of this research study specified that the health literacy rate of individuals with diabetic type 2 is an average level. The potential communicative and critical health literacy influence essential for communication and education for diabetes patients in the settings of the primary health care system. The findings indicate that communicative and critical health literacy related to patients’ management and patients with functional health literacy looks passable in this study. The health information specialists need to recognize diabetes patients’ demographic variables according to their needs. Health professionals’ abilities to deliver health education resources seems critical, as it would improve health-related behavior by increasing literacy level.

scholarly journals Determination of Glycosylated Haemoglobin in Normal, Newborn and Diabetic Saudi Arabs

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A I Alayash ◽  
A Dafallah ◽  
H Al-Husayni ◽  
A K Al-Ali ◽  
A Al-Qourain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin Level ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Adults

Colorimetric determinations of glycosylated haemoglobin by the thiobarbituric acid method were carried out in normal adults ( n = 142), newly born infants of healthy mothers ( n = 81), and in a group of patients with diabetes mellitus ( n = 124). The glycosylated haemoglobin level in normal adult males was 4·9%, which is close to that reported for other populations. No correlation was found between age and the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin in males over 10 years old. However, the mean value for glycosylated haemoglobin in cord blood was 4·1%, significantly different from that of adults. The range values for glycosylated haemoglobin in diabetic patients was 7–19%. The mean value for glycosylated haemoglobin was 10·9%, similar to that established in other diabetic populations. Results of colorimetric determinations of glycosylated haemoglobin in the Saudi population compare well with other ethnic groups and, therefore, suggest no ethnic differences in glycosylated haemoglobin levels.

Measured Distributions of Control Delay on Signalized Arterials

2003 ◽  
Vol 1852 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Colyar ◽  
Nagui M. Rouphail
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Control Delay ◽  
Signal Coordination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

The Highway Capacity Manual and other traffic operations manuals give no guidance on the magnitude and factors affecting variability in control delay. However, knowing the variability in control delay has several useful applications, such as providing a more complete and statistically significant comparison of different signal timing or roadway geometric improvements. The objective of this research is to provide an exploratory analysis of the variability in signalized control delay using real-world measurements on an arterial corridor in Cary, North Carolina. Data were collected with a portable, onboard emissions and engine diagnostics measurement device, from which second-by-second speed data were recorded. A new method for estimating intersection control delay from second-by-second speed data is presented that attempts to take into account over-capacity conditions and closely spaced intersections. The data collection focused on recording a similar number of runs on a corridor before and after signal coordination was implemented. The results show that the distribution of control delay generally has a single, large peak at low delays, when the mean control delay was in the level-of-service A–B range, whereas the distribution becomes increasingly bimodal (two distinct peaks) as the mean control delay increases. Another finding is that there is a direct relationship between mean control delay and standard error of control delay, but there is still variability in the standard error that cannot be explained solely by the mean value. Finally, differences in the before and after runs showed that a real-world signal timing improvement can reduce both the mean and the standard error of control delay as well as alter the shape of the delay distribution.

scholarly journals Anxiety of patients undergoing ct imaging in emergency department

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyaggelia Kakagianni ◽  
Martha Kelesi-Stauropoulou ◽  
Eleni Dokoutsidou ◽  
Ourania Govina
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Many

Introduction: The performance of computed tomography (CT) causes anxiety and discomfort to patients and increases the overall psychological burden.Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anxiety of patients undergoing CT when entering in the Emergency Department (ED).Material and Methods: To achieve the research objectives was conducted primary research in the ED of a General Hospital of Athens. The research was based on Convenience sampling and the data collected by a self-completion questionnaire during the period May to September 2016. The study sample consisted of 150 people. The State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was the questionnaire of this study.Results: The mean value of the current anxiety was 58.70(± 7.32), while the general anxiety was 39.77 (± 7.32), with statistically significant difference (p <0.001). The majority of patients were very anxious prior to performing the CT. In contrast, patients do not feel special stress and anxiety in their lives in general. The factors affecting the current anxiety of patients attending ED and are to undergo CT were: age, education level, marital status, previous experience, cause of examination and presence of pain.Conclusions: One of the many challenges to be faced by health professionals is the stress management of the patient prior of the CT. The organization of intervention programs will positively contribute to the stress management and outcomes of patients.

scholarly journals Salivary Amylase as Potential Biochemical Marker in Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 019-022
Author(s):  
B Satish ◽  
Prashant Kumar ◽  
S Avanti ◽  
Shruti Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Amylase Level ◽  
Type I ◽  
Salivary Amylase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has emerged as a major global health problem. Diagnosing and monitoring diabetes is the best way for its prevention, thus reducing the burden of disease. As saliva is easily available and accessible when compared with serum, salivary biomarkers have gained importance in recent years and, therefore, can be helpful in diagnosing the disease. Aims: The purpose of this study was to estimate the salivary amylase level in patients with types I and II diabetes mellitus and to correlate these findings with those of nondiabetic individuals in order to ascertain its value as a biochemical indicator for diagnosing and monitoring the patients. Materials and methods: Three groups of patients were selected for the present study. Group A: 20 nondiabetic, healthy individuals; group B: 20 type I diabetes mellitus patients; group C: 20 type II diabetes mellitus patients. Fasting and postprandial unstimulated saliva samples were collected and subjected for analysis of salivary amylase. Estimation of salivary amylase was determined by direct substrate method. Results: The mean fasting salivary amylase level for types I and II diabetic and nondiabetic individuals was 245.60, 239.10, and 149 U/dL respectively, whereas the mean postprandial salivary amylase was 257.35, 246.15, and 154.2 U/dL respectively. The mean value of variables was compared using Student's t test and one-way analysis of variance test. Conclusion: The mean salivary amylase level was significantly increased in both types I and II diabetic individuals as compared with healthy nondiabetic subjects (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the mean of types I and II diabetic patients.

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