scholarly journals Childhood Asthma and Allergies in Urban, Semiurban, and Rural Residential Sectors in Chile

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Kausel ◽  
Anja Boneberger ◽  
Mario Calvo ◽  
Katja Radon
Keyword(s):  
International Study ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Country ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Allergies ◽  
Using Data

While rural living protects from asthma and allergies in many countries, results are conflicting in Latin America. We studied the prevalence of asthma and asthma symptoms in children from urban, semiurban, and rural sectors in south Chile. A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in semiurban and rural sectors in the province of Valdivia (n=559) using the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) questionnaire. Results were compared to prevalence in urban Valdivia (n=3105) by using data from ISAAC III study. Odds ratios (+95% confidence intervals) were calculated. No statistical significant differences were found for asthma ever and eczema symptoms stratified by residential sector, but a gradient could be shown for current asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms with urban living having highest and rural living having lowest prevalence. Rural living was inversely associated in a statistical significant way with current asthma (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2–0.9) and rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms (OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.2–0.7) in logistic regression analyses. Rural living seems to protect from asthma and respiratory allergies also in Chile, a South American country facing epidemiological transition. These data would be improved by clinical studies of allergic symptoms observed in studied sectors.

scholarly journals Use of electronic cigarettes and secondhand exposure to their aerosols are associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alnajem ◽  
Abdullah Redha ◽  
Dalal Alroumi ◽  
Ahmed Alshammasi ◽  
Mohamad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Globally, a surge in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has been observed in recent years, with youth being the most susceptible group. Given their recent emergence, studies assessing the health consequences of using e-cigarettes and exposure to their secondhand aerosols (SHA) are limited. Hence, this study sought to assess associations between e-cigarette use and household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling high school students (n = 1565; aged 16–19 years) in Kuwait. Participants self-completed a questionnaire on tobacco products use (e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and asthma symptoms. Current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking were defined as any use in the past 30 days. Household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes in the past 7 days was reported as none (0 days), infrequent (1–2 days), and frequent (≥ 3 days). Asthma symptoms included current (past 12 months) wheeze, current asthma (history of clinical diagnosis and current wheeze and/or medication use), and current symptoms of uncontrolled asthma (≥ 4 attacks of wheeze, ≥ 1 night per week sleep disturbance from wheeze, and/or wheeze affecting speech). Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results Among the analytical study sample (n = 1345), current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking was reported by 369 (27.4%) and 358 (26.6%) participants, respectively. Compared to never e-cigarette users and never cigarette smokers, current e-cigarette users with no history of cigarette smoking had increased prevalence of current wheeze (aPR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.01–2.45) and current asthma (aPR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.03–3.41). Moreover, the frequency of exposure to household SHA from e-cigarettes was associated with asthma symptoms. For example, compared to those with no exposure to household SHA, frequent exposure to household SHA was associated with current wheeze (aPR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.59), current asthma (aPR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.13–2.16), and current uncontrolled asthma symptoms (aPR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.35–2.62). Conclusions E-cigarette use and their household SHA exposure were independently associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Hence, such observations indicate that e-cigarette use and passive exposure to their aerosols negatively impact respiratory health among adolescents.

scholarly journals Combined impact of healthy lifestyle factors on risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in school children: ISAAC phase III

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Morales ◽  
David Strachan ◽  
Innes Asher ◽  
Philippa Ellwood ◽  
Neil Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
International Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors

BackgroundAsthma is not the key focus of prevention strategies. A Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) was developed to examine the combined effect of modifiable lifestyle factors on asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema using data from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase III.MethodsInformation on symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, eczema and several lifestyle factors was obtained from children aged 6–7 years through written questionnaires. The HLI combined five lifestyle factors: no parental smoking, child’s adherence to Mediterranean diet, child’s healthy body mass index, high physical activity and non-sedentary behaviour. The association between the HLI and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema was evaluated using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models.FindingsData of 70 795 children from 37 centres in 19 countries were analysed. Each additional healthy lifestyle factor was associated with a reduced risk of current wheeze (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.89), asthma ever (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.92), current symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.97) and current symptoms of eczema (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98). Theoretically, if associations were causal, a combination of four or five healthy lifestyle factors would result into a reduction up to 16% of asthma cases (ranging from 2.7% to 26.3 % according to region of the world).ConclusionsThese findings should be interpreted with caution given the limitations to infer causality from cross-sectional observational data. Efficacy of interventions to improve multiple modifiable lifestyle factors to reduce the burden asthma and allergy in childhood should be assessed.

scholarly journals Diverging trends of respiratory allergies and eczema in Greek schoolchildren: Six surveys during 1991‐2018

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. e17-e24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Styliani Malliori ◽  
Alexandros Ntzounas ◽  
Panagiotis Lampropoulos ◽  
Eleana Koliofoti ◽  
Kostas N. Priftis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Respiratory Allergies ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Background: The prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in the city of Patras, Greece, has been followed in four consecutive surveys since 1991. After a continuous rise in the prevalence of all three of these disorders, a plateau was reached for asthma between 2003 and 2008, whereas the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema continued to increase. Objective: To investigate these trends in the same population into the following decade. Methods: We repeated two methodologically identical cross-sectional parental questionnaire surveys in 2013 and 2018 among 8‐9-year-old schoolchildren (N = 2554 and N = 2648, respectively). In 2018, spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurements were also performed. Results: Current asthma (i.e., wheeze/asthma in the past 2 years) decreased from 6.9% in 2008 to 5.2% in 2013 and 4.3% in 2018 (p for trend < 0.001). The prevalence of lifetime (“ever had”) rhinoconjunctivitis also declined (5.1% in 2008, 4.4% in 2013, 3.0% in 2018; p for trend < 0.001), whereas that of lifetime eczema increased (10.8%, 13.6%, and 16.1%, respectively; p for trend < 0.001). The relative risk of current asthma in children with ever-had rhinoconjundtivitis was 7.73 in 2008, 6.00 in 2013, and 6.69 in 2018, whereas the relative risk in those with ever-had eczema was 5.15, 2.80, and 2.22, respectively. Among children with asthma, those with rhinoconjunctivitis had lower forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration and higher FeNO values than those with eczema. Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis declined during the past decade in Greek schoolchildren, whereas the prevalence of eczema continued to rise. Nevertheless, the relationship between rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma remained strong, whereas the association between eczema and asthma appears to have weakened.

scholarly journals Prevalence of asthma symptoms among adolescents in Brazil: National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Lima Barreto ◽  
Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Maryane Oliveira-Campos ◽  
Marco Antonio Andreazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
International Study ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
School Based ◽  
High Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the prevalence rates of asthma symptoms in Brazil, its Regions and State capitals, according to data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey, 2012. Furthermore, it aims to compare the prevalence of asthma in the capitals evaluated by PeNSE 2012 with previous results of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). METHODS: Cross sectional study of 9th grade students at public and private schools of all Brazilian states and the Federal District (Brasília). A self reported questionnaire containing items from the ISAAC was applied in order to identify the presence of asthma symptoms. RESULTS: The results of PeNSE indicate a high prevalence of asthma symptoms (23.2%) and of reports of a previous medical diagnosis of asthma (12.4%). Of the five state capitals in which the PeNSE results were compared to the ISAAC, São Paulo, Curitiba and Porto Alegre presented an increase in the prevalence of asthma symptoms. In Salvador, there was a reduction. CONCLUSION: Brazil is among the countries with the highest prevalence of asthma in the world, and the prevalence is still growing.

scholarly journals Food and nutrition insecurity: a marker of vulnerability to asthma symptoms

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Ana Marlúcia Oliveira-Assis ◽  
Samuel Badaró Junqueira ◽  
Rosemeire Leovigildo Fiaccone ◽  
Sandra Maria Chaves dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
International Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma in children from Latin America.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSão Francisco do Conde, Bahia, north-eastern Brazil.SubjectsThe study included 1307 children aged 6–12 years from public elementary schools. Asthma symptoms were collected using a questionnaire that was translated and adapted from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, phase III. The diagnosis of asthma was determined based on reports of wheezing in the previous 12 months. The Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale was used to identify food insecurity. We also obtained demographic, socio-economic and anthropometric information for each participant. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the associations of interest.ResultsOf the children surveyed, 10·4 % had a history of wheezing and 64·5 % had some degree of food and nutrition insecurity. We found a positive dose–response relationship and statistically significant associations of asthma with moderate (OR = 1·71, 95 % CI 1·01, 2·89) and severe (OR = 2·51, 95 % CI 1·28, 4·93) food and nutrition insecurity.ConclusionsThe results show that moderate and severe food and nutrition insecurity are markers of vulnerability to wheezing. It is important to note that the results of studies in this field have potential implications for social policies that promote food security. Further studies to identify the mechanisms involved in the relationship between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma are needed.

scholarly journals Ten-year trends in prevalence of asthma in adults in southern Brazil: comparison of two population-based studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Spada Fiori ◽  
Helen Gonçalves ◽  
Samuel C. Dumith ◽  
Maria Aurora Dropa Chrestani Cesar ◽  
Ana M. B. Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Asthma Symptoms

There are discrepancies in the literature regarding time trends in the occurrence of asthma in adults. This study compared asthma prevalence in two cross-sectional studies with a ten-year interval in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The first, in 2000, included 1,968 individuals, and the second, in 2010, 2,466 adults (20-69 years). Prevalence of wheezing and shortness of breath in the prior 12 months remained the same after ten years (6% and 6.1%, respectively). In both studies, asthma was more frequent among females and people with low family income. Physician-diagnosed asthma increased by 35.6%, and lifetime incidence of asthma, by 32.2%. There was no percentage change in current asthma symptoms or current asthma. Local socioeconomic improvement between the two studies was consistent with the increase in medical diagnosis, but did not reflect better management of asthma symptoms, underlining the need for investment regarding other determinants of the disease.

scholarly journals Temporal trends in the prevalence of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Agapito Pássaro Wilmer ◽  
Rosemeri Maurici ◽  
Carlos Alberto Kuntz Nazário ◽  
Kahio César Kuntz Nazário ◽  
Paula Fernanda Agapito Pássaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annual Variation ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
International Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Average Variation ◽  
Total Average

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the temporal trend of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis prevalences as well as their symptoms in adolescents. METHODS Two cross-sectional studies were conducted using the same methodology and questionnaire as was used for adolescents aged 12 to 14 years in the Brazilian city of Florianopolis, SC, Southern Brazil. Based on the international protocol of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) study, adolescents were evaluated in 2001 and 3,150 in 2012. The schools included in this study were the same as in the 2001 study. These schools were randomly selected after stratification by network (public and private) and geographic location. The total average percentage variation was estimated for the prevalence of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis and their symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of reported asthma was 10.9% in 2001 and 14.8% in 2012, with an average variation of 2.8% in the period. The highest average variation in the period was observed among female adolescents (4.1%). In parallel a significant increase occurred in reported physician-diagnosed asthma, 7.3% in 2001 and 11,1% in 2012, with an annual variation of 4.5%. The largest increases in reported physician-diagnosed asthma were seen in female (5.9%) and male (4.5%) public school pupils. In addition, a significant increase in reported rhinoconjunctivitis occurred, with the average variation in the period being 5.2%. Reports of severe asthma symptoms remained unchanged during the period, while the annual variation for reported current wheezing (-1.3%) and wheezing during exercise (-1.2%) decreased. CONCLUSIONS The results showed a significant increase in the annual average variation for asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence during the 2001 to 2012 period.

scholarly journals Have asthma symptoms in Mexico changed in the past 15 years? Time trends from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood to the Global Asthma Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Del-Río-Navarro Blanca Estela ◽  
Berber Arturo ◽  
Reyes-Noriega Nayely ◽  
Navarrete-Rodríguez Elsy Maureen ◽  
García-Almaráz Roberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
International Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Epidemiological Methodology

Background: The Global Asthma Network (GAN) builds on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Objective: To compare asthma prevalence time trends in primary and secondary school children in four Mexican centers participating in ISAAC and GAN. Methods: GAN is a cross-sectional, multicenter, epidemiological methodology carried out in groups of primary school children aged 6–7 and adolescents aged 13–14 following the ISAAC Phase Three protocol, with additional questions on risk factors and asthma management. Results: Overall, the prevalence of asthma symptoms and diagnosis in primary school children was higher in males than in females both in ISAAC (p < 0.05) and in GAN (p < 0.01), while adolescent females had a higher prevalence, also both in ISAAC (p < 0.001) and in GAN (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma and its symptoms has increased from ISAAC Phase Three since 2003 to GAN Phase I in Mexico in 2019. These findings are in line with the increases observed in the centers with low asthma baseline prevalence in ISAAC Phase One in comparison with ISAAC Phase Three.

scholarly journals Prevalence of self-reported smoking experimentation in adolescents with asthma or allergic rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia de Sousa Campos Fernandes ◽  
Cláudia Ribeiro de Andrade ◽  
Alessandra Pinheiro Caminhas ◽  
Paulo Augusto Moreira Camargos ◽  
Cássio da Cunha Ibiapina
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
International Study ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Age Range

Objective: To determine the prevalence of smoking experimentation among adolescents with asthma or allergic rhinitis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving adolescent students (13-14 years of age) in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The participants completed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaires, both of which have been validated for use in Brazil. We calculated the prevalence of smoking experimentation in the sample as a whole, among the students with asthma symptoms, and among the students with allergic rhinitis symptoms, as well as in subgroups according to gender and age at smoking experimentation. Results: The sample comprised 3,325 adolescent students. No statistically significant differences were found regarding gender or age. In the sample as a whole, the prevalence of smoking experimentation was 9.6%. The mean age for smoking experimentation for the first time was 11.1 years of age (range, 5-14 years). Among the adolescents with asthma symptoms and among those with allergic rhinitis symptoms, the prevalence of self-reported smoking experimentation was 13.5% and 10.6%, respectively. Conclusions: The proportion of adolescents with symptoms of asthma or allergic rhinitis who reported smoking experimentation is a cause for concern, because there is strong evidence that active smoking is a risk factor for the occurrence and increased severity of allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of symptoms, severity and diagnosis of asthma in adolescents in the province of Salamanca, Spain: Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I.

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Ana Marín Cassinello ◽  
María Concepción Vega-Hernández ◽  
Blanca Lumbreras-Lacarra ◽  
Sonia De Arriba-Méndez ◽  
Javier Pellegrini-Belinchón
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
International Study ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Asthma Diagnosis ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
Current Prevalence

Introduction and objectives: Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in childhood. However, the latest data on its prevalence in Spain are from Phase III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), 2004. The objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of asthma symptoms, severity and diagnosis in the paediatric popula-tion aged between 13 and 14 years in the province of Salamanca.Material and methods: Cross-sectional multicentre study carried out in 2017–2018 in 13-and 14-year-old school children in the province of Salamanca as a centre participating in of the Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I. The standardised validated written question-naire and that directed by a video was administered; it was self-completed by the pupils. Results: A total of 3485 questionnaires were completed, and the pupils’ participation rate was 95.01%. Among the total, 25.7% indicated having had wheeze ever (20.7% in the video questionnaire); 14.7% indicated having had wheeze in the past 12 months (11.3% in the video questionnaire). The prevalence of current wheeze that limited speech was 3.9% (7.5% in the video questionnaire) and the current prevalence of severe wheeze was 6.5%. Regarding asthma diagnosis, 19.7% of the sample answered that they had had asthma ever, whilst 14.0% referred to having physician-diagnosed asthma. The agreement between the written ques-tionnaire and that directed by video was acceptable for the questions of wheeze ever (Cohen Kappa index [k] = 0.53) and current wheeze (k = 0.42).

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