scholarly journals Optimal Skip-Stop Schedule under Mixed Traffic Conditions for Minimizing Travel Time of Passengers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Feng ◽  
Zhu Wen-tao ◽  
Ye Ying ◽  
Wang Dian-hai
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Optimization Scheme ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Optimal Coordination ◽  
Urban Bus

Given the lower efficiency resulting from the overload of bus stops, the capacity and travel time of passengers influenced by skip-stop operation are analyzed under mixed traffic conditions, and the travel time models of buses and cars are developed, respectively. This paper proposes an optimization model for designing skip-stop service that can minimize the total travel time for passengers. Genetic algorithm is adopted for finding the optimal coordination of the stopping stations of overall bus lines in an urban bus corridor. In this paper, Tian-Mu-Shan Road of Hangzhou City is taken as an example. Results show that the total travel time of all travelers becomes 7.03 percent shorter after the implementation of skip-stop operation. The optimization scheme can improve the operating efficiency of the road examined.

scholarly journals A Self-Adjusting Method to Resist Bus Bunching Based on Boarding Limits

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuzhi Zhao ◽  
Chunxiu Lu ◽  
Shidong Liang ◽  
Huasheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
The State ◽  
New Method ◽  
Bus Bunching ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Urban Bus ◽  
Bus Stops ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Bus System

Bus bunching is one of the most serious problems of urban bus systems. Bus bunching increases waiting and travel time of passengers. Many bus systems use schedules to reach equal headways. Compared to the idea of schedules and the target headway introduced later, we propose a new method to improve the efficiency of a bus system and avoid bus bunching by boarding limits. Our solution can be effectively implemented when buses cannot travel as planned because of bad road conditions and dynamic demands at bus stops. Besides, using our method, bus headways reach the state with equal headways dynamically and spontaneously without drivers’ explicit intervention. Moreover, the method can improve the level of the bus service and reduce total travel time of passengers. We verify our method using an ideal bus route and a real bus route, both showing the success of the proposed method.

GPS-Based Study on an Interurban Road Connection

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 564-572
Author(s):  
Rodica Dorina Cadar ◽  
Rozalia Melania Boitor
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Subject ◽  
North Western

The paper presents an extensive theoretical background related to the travel time and the studies that were conducted during the recent years on the subject. As a concept, travel time is related to the period of time spent in travelling between two different points in space. The analysis focuses on several aspects related to the travel time concept such as its usefulness, its influencing factors, and data collection methods for its determination. In order to also provide a practical outcome, the main interurban road connection between Cluj-Napoca and Tîrgu-Mureş was studied. The road trespasses both urban and rural localities in the North-Western of Romania. For the data collection process, a GPS-based equipment was placed on a test vehicle to run the route for multiple times, at different days and hours. The collected data were studied by means of statistical analysis in order to establish the most relevant aspects of the travel time. The research goal of the paper was to evaluate the influence exerted by demographics and type of locality on travel time by means of eventual delays. The main findings were employed to analyze the traffic conditions as well as the parameters that have a major impact on them. According to the results of the analysis, the traffic flow on the interurban route is best described by the travel time and consequently the delays registered due to multiple obstructive elements such as railway level crossings, pedestrian crossings within the localities, and level intersections between different roads category. However, according to the study, it can also be concluded that travel time and therefore the eventual delays are not influenced to a great extent by neither the type of transited localities - urban or rural, nor the demographics.

Link Cost Function and Link Capacity for Mixed Traffic Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (9) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Aathira K. Das ◽  
Bhargava Rama Chilukuri
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Class ◽  
Link Capacity ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Link Cost ◽  
Link Travel Time

Link cost function and link capacity are critical factors in traffic assignment modeling. Popular link cost functions like the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function have well-known drawbacks and are not suitable for mixed traffic conditions where a variety of vehicle classes use the road in a non-lane-based movement. Similarly, capacity is generally considered as a constant value. However, in mixed traffic conditions, capacity is not constant, but a function of vehicle class composition. Toward addressing these issues, this paper proposes a link cost function in relation to link travel time and link capacity in relation to vehicular traffic flow for mixed traffic conditions. The functions are developed based on the kinematic wave model, which is popularly used for estimating traffic dynamics on the roads. The developed link cost function and link capacity use field measurable parameters that incorporate mixed traffic features. The functions are validated against empirical data obtained from 12 signal cycles from two different signalized intersections in Chennai, India, representing different scenarios of mixed traffic, and it was found that the results match well with the empirical data.

Fuzzy Ramp Metering: Design Overview and Simulation Results

1998 ◽  
Vol 1634 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Taylor ◽  
Deirdere Meldrum ◽  
Les Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Vehicle Delay ◽  
Simulation Results

A fuzzy logic ramp-metering algorithm was designed to overcome the limitations of conventional ramp-metering strategies. The fuzzy controller demonstrated improved robustness, prevented heavy congestion, intelligently balanced conflicting needs, and tuned easily. The objective was to maximize total distance traveled and minimize total travel time and vehicle delay, while maintaining acceptable ramp queues. A multiple-ramp study site from the Seattle I-5 corridor was modeled and tested using the freeway simulation software, FRESIM. For five of the six testing sets, encompassing a variety of traffic conditions, the fuzzy controller outperformed the three other controllers tested.

scholarly journals User-Optimal and System-Optimal Route Choices for a Large Road Network

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boyce ◽  
Qian Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimal Route ◽  
Choice Problem ◽  
Vehicle Miles Traveled ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
The Road ◽  
System Optimal ◽  
Total Travel Time

Solutions to the route choice problem for assumptions of user-optimality and system-optimality are presented for the road network of the Chicago region. Regionwide results show a 5% decrease in total travel time would be achieved during the morning peak period, if a system-optimal solution based on travel times were implemented. Among the costs of this solution is a 1.5% increase in vehicle-miles traveled. Findings for differences in link flows and individual origin-destination pairs complete the paper.

scholarly journals Travel Time Prediction under Mixed Traffic Conditions Using RFID and Bluetooth Sensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Jayan ◽  
Sasidharan Premakumari Anusha
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Travel Time Prediction ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Time Prediction ◽  
Match Rate ◽  
Travel Time Data ◽  
Time Information

Travel time information is an integral part in various ITS applications such as Advanced Traveler Information System, Advanced Traffic Management Systems etc. Travel time data can be collected manually or by using advanced sensors. In this study, suitability of Bluetooth and RFID (Radio Frequency Identifier) sensors for data collection under mixed traffic conditions as prevailing in India is explored. Reliability analysis was carried out using Cumulative Frequency Diagrams (CFDs) and buffer time index along with evaluation of penetration rate and match rate of RFID and Bluetooth sensors. Further, travel time of cars for a subsequent week was predicted using the travel time data obtained from RFID sensors for the present week as input in ARIMA modeling method. For predicting the travel time of different vehicle categories, relationships were framed between travel time of different vehicle categories and travel time of cars determined from RFID sensors. The stream travel time was then determined considering the travel time of all vehicle categories. The R-Square and MAPE values were used as performance measure for checking the accuracy of the developed models and were closer to one and lower respectively, indicating the suitability of the RFID sensors for travel time prediction under mixed traffic conditions. The developed estimation schemes can be used as part of travel time information applications in real time Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) implementations.

scholarly journals Effect of vehicle composition and delay on roundabout capacity under mixed traffic conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dodappaneni Abhigna ◽  
Sindhu Kondreddy ◽  
K. V. R. Ravi Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Capacity Estimation ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Unsignalized Intersections ◽  
The World ◽  
Estimation Models

Roundabouts are replacing conventional unsignalized intersections in many parts of the world (Polus and Shmueli, 1997). Capacity estimation is necessary for designing a new roundabout, to analyze and improve the existing roundabout facilities. There are several methods to estimate the capacity of the roundabout, but most of them are for homogeneous lane based traffic conditions and not applicable for mixed traffic conditions. This study tries to find out the applicability of the existing methods to mixed traffic conditions, identify the effect of vehicle composition, travel time and delay on capacity. In this study, data was collected from two roundabouts located in Mysore, Karnataka and Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh in India. Capacities for both the roundabouts are calculated using the existing methods and compared. VISSIM simulation model has been developed and analyzed for different vehicle compositions scenarios. It was observed that vehicle composition of the traffic influences the roundabout capacity. Since the entry capacity of a roundabout varies significantly with the vehicle composition of the traffic at the roundabout, it is necessary to incorporate this factor into the existing capacity estimation models.

Evaluation of Accessibility to Evacuation Centers in Asian Developing City

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 567-571
Author(s):  
Paramet Luathep ◽  
Sittha Jaensirisak
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Developing Cities ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Local Agencies ◽  
The Relationship

As the rapid growth of urbanization, risk of flooding in Asian developing cities has been increasing. Though local agencies have integrated their efforts to develop flood preparedness strategies, deploy early warning systems, and plan for evacuations, the cities are particularly vulnerable. This paper aims at evaluating accessibility to evacuation centers in Asian developing city. Hat Yai city (Thailand) was selected as a case study. In this paper, the accessibility was evaluated by travel time between evacuees houses and evacuation centers. The accessibility time to the public evacuation centers were determined. The sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between evacuation demand and total travel time in the network. Finally, traffic conditions on evacuation routes were evaluated.

Measuring Driver’s Percent-Time-Spent-Following Using a Moving Video Recording Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 736-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na’iya Ibrahim Muttaka ◽  
Othman Bin Chepuan
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Road Segment ◽  
Recording Technique ◽  
The Road ◽  
Percent Time ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Percent Time Spent Following

The percent time spent following (PTSF) or proportion of following time (PFT) relative to total travel time taken by vehicles to traverse a particular segment of two-lane highways has been used as key performance index for evaluating the level-of-service of the road. From the context of travel time, this implies that PTSF is a space related indicator and thus supposed to be measured over a road segment. However, this indicator is measured in the field based on specific point observation; as equivalent to the percent of vehicles traveling with time headways shorter than 3 s. The accuracy of PTSF estimates based on this approach has been questioned and criticized by many; as spot measured values may not to be real representative of segment estimates. This paper presents an exploration into the application of moving video recording technique for PTSF measurement. PTSF was estimated based on test vehicle following time on two-lane highways using moving car observer method as an alternative approach for field measurement of the indicator along road segment as opposed the existing practice of spot measurement and assumed representative of long segment. Findings from this work demonstrate that the approach used in this study is promising for field measurement of PTSF; as estimates obtained relate well with the major vehicle’s following cause factors.

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