scholarly journals Recent Extreme Precipitation and Temperature Changes in Djibouti City (1966–2011)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Ozer ◽  
Ayan Mahamoud
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

scholarly journals Effect of Climate Change on Soil Erosion in a Mountainous Mediterranean Catchment (Central Pindus, Greece)

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Stefanidis ◽  
Dimitrios Stathis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Mountainous Catchment ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

The aim of this study was to assess soil erosion changes in the mountainous catchment of the Portaikos torrent (Central Greece) under climate change. To this end, precipitation and temperature data were derived from a high-resolution (25 × 25 km) RegCM3 regional climate model for the baseline period 1974–2000 and future period 2074–2100. Additionally, three GIS layers were generated regarding land cover, geology, and slopes in the study area, whereas erosion state was recognized after field observations. Subsequently, the erosion potential model (EPM) was applied to quantify the effects of precipitation and temperature changes on soil erosion. The results showed a decrease (−21.2%) in annual precipitation (mm) and increase (+3.6 °C) in mean annual temperature until the end of the 21st century, and the above changes are likely to lead to a small decrease (−4.9%) in soil erosion potential.

scholarly journals Assessing runoff sensitivities to precipitation and temperature changes under global climate-change scenarios

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Jianxia Chang ◽  
Yimin Wang ◽  
Yuelu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Runoff Change ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Abstract An accurate grasp of the influence of precipitation and temperature changes on the variation in both the magnitude and temporal patterns of runoff is crucial to the prevention of floods and droughts. However, there is a general lack of understanding of the ways in which runoff sensitivities to precipitation and temperature changes are associated with the CMIP5 scenarios. This paper investigates the hydrological response to future climate change under CMIP5 RCP scenarios by using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model and then quantitatively assesses runoff sensitivities to precipitation and temperature changes under different scenarios by using a set of simulations with the control variable method. The source region of the Yellow River (SRYR) is an ideal area to study this problem. The results demonstrated that the precipitation effect was the dominant element influencing runoff change (the degree of influence approaching 23%), followed by maximum temperature (approaching 12%). The weakest element was minimum temperature (approaching 3%), despite the fact that the increases in minimum temperature were higher than the increases in maximum temperature. The results also indicated that the degree of runoff sensitivity to precipitation and temperature changes was subject to changing external climatic conditions.

The peak structure and future changes of the relationships between extreme precipitation and temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiling Wang ◽  
Dagang Wang ◽  
Kevin E. Trenberth ◽  
Amir Erfanian ◽  
Miao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Peak Structure ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Evaluation of the relationship between daily extreme precipitation and temperature over Eastern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

<p>    In this work, the relationship between daily extreme precipitation and temperature is investigated by using rain gauge precipitation data and corresponding the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive over eastern China during 1998-2012. Eventually, 14 stations are selected to explore the relationship in eastern China (MEC) and southeastern China (SEC). The result shows that daily extreme precipitation intensity increases approximately 7% when near surface temperature increases 1 °C in MEC and SEC, which generally follows Clausius–Clapeyron (CC) rate (CC rate describes the increasing rate of water vapor with temperature). Moreover, the regression slopes for the logarithmic daily extreme precipitation intensity and near surface temperature range from 3% °C<sup>-1</sup> to 9% °C<sup>-1</sup> at the selected stations in MEC and SEC. However, extreme precipitation intensity decreases with near surface temperature when the temperature is higher than 25 °C. That is, the increase of extreme precipitation with near surface temperature performances single peak structure in MEC and SEC. The variation of extreme precipitation and near surface dew point temperature shows the similar pattern in MEC and SEC (The transition dew point temperature is also about 25 °C). Therefore, <strong>it could be deduced that extreme precipitation intensity does not always increase with climate warming in MEC and SEC.</strong> In addition, precipitable water, which corresponds to extreme precipitation event, increases with near surface temperature at CC rate. <strong>It is found that the increase rate of precipitable water with temperature is closer to CC rate than that of extreme precipitation.</strong></p>

Extreme Precipitation and Temperature over the U.S. Pacific Northwest: A Comparison between Observations, Reanalysis Data, and Regional Models*

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1950-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Dulière ◽  
Yongxin Zhang ◽  
Eric P. Salathé
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Grid Spacing ◽  
Regional Models ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Abstract Extreme precipitation and temperature indices in reanalysis data and regional climate models are compared to station observations. The regional models represent most indices of extreme temperature well. For extreme precipitation, finer grid spacing considerably improves the match to observations. Three regional models, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) at 12- and 36-km grid spacing and the Hadley Centre Regional Model (HadRM) at 25-km grid spacing, are forced with global reanalysis fields over the U.S. Pacific Northwest during 2003–07. The reanalysis data represent the timing of rain-bearing storms over the Pacific Northwest well; however, the reanalysis has the worst performance at simulating both extreme precipitation indices and extreme temperature indices when compared to the WRF and HadRM simulations. These results suggest that the reanalysis data and, by extension, global climate model simulations are not sufficient for examining local extreme precipitations and temperatures owing to their coarse resolutions. Nevertheless, the large-scale forcing is adequately represented by the reanalysis so that regional models may simulate the terrain interactions and mesoscale processes that generate the observed local extremes and frequencies of extreme temperature and precipitation.

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