scholarly journals Nonleukemic Ureteral Granulocytic Sarcoma Presenting with Unilateral Urinary Obstruction and Hematuria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ömer Acar ◽  
Tarık Esen ◽  
Tülay Tecimer ◽  
Mustafa Çetiner ◽  
Önder Peker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Hematologic Disorder ◽  
Extramedullary Tumor ◽  
Chemotherapy Protocol ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Segmental Ureterectomy

Granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor which is composed of myeloblasts and immature myeloid cells. It usually occurs in association with acute myeloid leukemia and most commonly involves skin, soft tissue, lymph nodes, bone, and periosteum. We report a case of isolated ureteral granulocytic sarcoma without hematologic manifestations. Our patient presented with bloody urine and left-sided lumbar pain. Preoperative clinical and radiologic features raised the suspicion of an upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma, and he was scheduled for nephroureterectomy. However, perioperative pathologic feedback and the unusual endoscopic appearance of the tumor altered our surgical strategy towards segmental ureterectomy and ureteroneocystostomy. Eventual pathologic diagnosis was granulocytic sarcoma of the ureter. Postoperative workup failed to demonstrate any sign of an accompanying hematologic disorder. He started receiving the chemotherapy protocol of acute myeloblastic leukemia. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of nonleukemic ureteral granulocytic sarcoma which came to attention due to urologic complaints.

scholarly journals Nonleukemic Granulocytic Sarcoma of Knee: A Case Report

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elghissassi ◽  
Hanane Inrhaoun ◽  
Hind Mrabti ◽  
Hassan Errihani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Pathological Analysis ◽  
Extramedullary Tumor ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Knee Mass

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of immature myeloid cells. It is usually associated with leukemia or other myeloproliferative disorders. It occurs very rarely without overt hematologic diseases. A 19-year-old man presented with left knee mass. Biopsy with pathological analysis showed lymphoma aspect. Immunostains yielded the diagnosis of GS with myeloperoxidase and CD43 positivity. There was no systemic manifestation of leukemia, and bone marrow biopsiy was negative for neoplastic infiltration. Chemotherapy by CHOP was efficient, and the patient remaind alive and healthy 40 months after the end of treatment. The case is discussed in the framework of the existing literature about the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this very rare condition.

scholarly journals Granulocytic Sarcoma of the Male Breast in Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Concurrent Deletion of 5q and Trisomy 8

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Md. Monirul Islam ◽  
Zia ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Breast ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Trisomy 8 ◽  
Extramedullary Tumor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Improve Patient

We describe a unique case of Granulocytic Sarcoma (GS) in a male, who presented to us with a painless right breast mass without any prior history of Leukemia. GS is an extramedullary tumor of myeloproliferative precursors and may involve multiple sites of the body, but involvement of male breast is extremely rare. In the absence of clinical history or hematological abnormality, GS may be misdiagnosed, depending on the degree of myeloid differentiation present within the tumor. Often it is misdiagnosed as lymphoma. Diagnosis is made by finding eosinophilic myelocytes, myeloperoxidase, chloroacetate esterase staining, and lysozyme immunostain. Chemotherapy regimens similar to acute myeloid leukemia are recommended to treat GS. Recognition of this rare entity is important because early, aggressive chemotherapy can induce regression of the tumor and improve patient longevity.

scholarly journals Recurrence of a t(8;21)-Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Form of a Granulocytic Sarcoma Involving Cranial Bones: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambra Di Veroli ◽  
Alessandro Micarelli ◽  
Mariagiovanna Cefalo ◽  
Eleonora Ceresoli ◽  
Daniela Nasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Molecular Abnormalities ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare extramedullary solid tumor defined as an accumulation of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It can cooccur with or precede the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as well as following treated AML. The incidence of GS in AML patients is 3–8% but it significantly rises in M2 FAB subtype AML. This variety of AML harbors t(8;21) in up to 20–25% of cases (especially in children and black ones of African origin) and, at a molecular level, it is characterized by the generation of a fusion gene known as RUNX1-RUNX1T1. Approximately 10% of M2 AML patients will develop GS, as a consequence, the t(8;21) and the relative transcript represent the most common cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities in GS. FLT3-ITD mutation was rarely described in AML patients presenting with GS. FLT3 ITD is generally strongly associated with poor prognosis in AML, and is rarely reported in patients with t(8;21). GS presentation is extremely variable depending on organs involved; in general, cranial bones and sinus are very rarely affected sites. We report a rare case of GS occurring as a recurrence of a previously treated t(8;21), FLT3-ITD positive AML, involving mastoid bones and paravertebral tissues.

Granulocytic Sarcoma of the Small Intestine

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (10) ◽  
pp. 1570-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane K. Kohl ◽  
Patricia Aoun
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Extramedullary Tumor ◽  
Acute Myelogenous ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Appropriate Therapy

Abstract Granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor of myeloblasts and/or immature myeloid cells, which can develop at any anatomic site and is often a forerunner to the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. Granulocytic sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract most frequently involves the small intestine and most often presents with abdominal pain and obstruction. Pathologists must consider granulocytic sarcoma in any mass of unknown origin with a diffusely infiltrating population of tumor cells, as the diagnosis is often initially unrecognized, especially in nonleukemic patients. Multiple ancillary modalities are available to assist pathologists in making the correct diagnosis so that appropriate therapy can be initiated.

scholarly journals Acute Myeloid Leukemia Presenting as Acute Bulbar Palsy

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-483
Author(s):  
Kiran Kumar Singal ◽  
Ajay Mittal ◽  
Rajni Aggarwal ◽  
Saurav Aggarwal ◽  
Rao Farman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
The Brain

Myeloid Sarcoma1 (also termed as chloroma, granulocytic sarcoma, extra medullary myeloid tumor) is a rare extra medullary tumor composed of immature myeloid cells (myeloblast)2. It is usually associated with leukemia or other myeloproliferative disorder. Myeloid Sarcoma in the central nervous system, around the brain stem is the commonest site of presentation and require high suspicion for diagnosis. We report a forty years male patient with history of dysphagia, dysphonia for last two months. MRI showed chloromas around the brain stem. Laboratory investigations revealed the presence of AML. This is a rare case of Myeloid Sarcoma around the brain stem in a patient of AML. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i4.16056 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.13(4) 2014 p.481-483

scholarly journals Promyelocytic Sarcoma of the Spine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pacilli ◽  
Francesco Lo Coco ◽  
Safaa Mahmoud Ramadan ◽  
Laura Giannì ◽  
Alberto Pingi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Molecular Remission ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Paravertebral Mass

Myeloid sarcoma (MS, previously named granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma) is a rare extramedullary tumour of immature myeloid cells. It can be present before, concurrently with, or after the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. MS is extremely uncommon in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). In the case described here, MS was the sole site of APL relapse and the cause of spinal cord compression. The patient presented with neurologic symptoms due to a paravertebral mass of MS after 7 years of complete remission. He was treated with excision of the mass followed by local radiotherapy. Systemic treatment was also given with combined arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid and the patient was able to achieve a second prolonged clinical and molecular remission.

How I treat extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (14) ◽  
pp. 3785-3793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Bakst ◽  
Martin S. Tallman ◽  
Dan Douer ◽  
Joachim Yahalom
Keyword(s):  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Leukemia Cutis ◽  
Clinically Significant

AbstractExtramedullary (EM) manifestations of acute leukemia include a wide variety of clinically significant phenomena that often pose therapeutic dilemmas. Myeloid sarcoma (MS) and leukemia cutis (LC) represent 2 well-known EM manifestations with a range of clinical presentations. MS (also known as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma) is a rare EM tumor of immature myeloid cells. LC specifically refers to the infiltration of the epidermis, dermis, or subcutis by neoplastic leukocytes (leukemia cells), resulting in clinically identifiable cutaneous lesions. The molecular mechanisms underlying EM involvement are not well defined, but recent immunophenotyping, cytogenetic, and molecular analysis are beginning to provide some understanding. Certain cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with increased risk of EM involvement, potentially through altering tissue-homing pathways. The prognostic significance of EM involvement is not fully understood. Therefore, it has been difficult to define the optimal treatment of patients with MS or LC. The timing of EM development at presentation versus relapse, involvement of the marrow, and AML risk classification help to determine our approach to treatment of EM disease.

scholarly journals Granulocytic sarcoma of the brain in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Colovic ◽  
Milica Colovic ◽  
Vesna Cemerikic-Martinovic ◽  
Tatjana Terzic ◽  
Svetlana Ivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Granulocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Chromosome Translocation ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Extramedullary Tumor ◽  
Large Round ◽  
Neurosurgical Operation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Granulocytic sarcoma is extramedullary tumor composed of immature leukemic cells most frequently located in close proximity to bone, but it also can be found in the skin, breast, gastrointesti- nal tract, ovaries and brain. Granulocytic sarco- ma may arise during the course of leukemia or precede its development in the bone marrow. The majority of reported cases of granulocytic sarcomas in acute myleoid leukemia have chromosome translocation t(8;21). We report a 46-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia, type M2 involving the marrow and peripheral blood and chromosome t(8;21) who developed granulocytic sarcoma in the brain, as a first manifestation of relapse 6 months after complete remission was achieved. During a neurosurgical operation a cortically located tumor (3.5x5 cm) in the brain was partially removed. Histology showed tumor consisted of homogenous infiltrate of blasts, admixed with more mature haematopoietic cells. The blasts have large round to oval nuclei, delicate chromatin, one or more small well-defined nucleoli and scant basophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry showed that blast cells were myeloperoxidase positive, confirming the diagnosis of myeloblastic sarcoma in the brain. The patient died two days after surgery.

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