scholarly journals A Novel Tetrapeptide Derivative Exhibits In Vitro Inhibition of Neutrophil-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species and Lysosomal Enzymes Release

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumitra Miriyala ◽  
Manikandan Panchatcharam ◽  
Meera Ramanujam ◽  
Rengarajulu Puvanakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Complement Factors

Neutrophil infiltration plays a major role in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury. Oxidative injury is suggested to be a central mechanism of the cellular damage after acute myocardial infarction. This study is pertained to the prognostic role of a tetrapeptide derivative PEP1261 (BOC-Lys(BOC)-Arg-Asp-Ser(tBu)-OtBU), a peptide sequence (39–42) of lactoferrin, studied in the modulation of neutrophil functions in vitro by measuring the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lysosomal enzymes release, and enhanced expression of C proteins. The groundwork experimentation was concerned with the isolation of neutrophils from the normal and acute myocardial infarct rats to find out the efficacy of PEP1261 in the presence of a powerful neutrophil stimulant, phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA). Stimulation of neutrophils with PMA resulted in an oxidative burst of superoxide anion and enhanced release of lysosomal enzymes and expression of complement proteins. The present study further demonstrated that the free radicals increase the complement factors in the neutrophils confirming the role of ROS. PEP1261 treatment significantly reduced the levels of superoxide anion and inhibited the release of lysosomal enzymes in the stimulated control and infarct rat neutrophils. This study demonstrated that PEP1261 significantly inhibited the effect on the ROS generation as well as the mRNA synthesis and expression of the complement factors in neutrophils isolated from infarct heart.

scholarly journals Plasmonic Hot-Electron Reactive Oxygen Species Generation: Fundamentals for Redox Biology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Carrasco ◽  
Juan Carlos Stockert ◽  
Ángeles Juarranz ◽  
Alfonso Blázquez-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Redox Biology

For decades, the possibility to generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in biological systems through the use of light was mainly restricted to the photodynamic effect: the photoexcitation of molecules which then engage in charge- or energy-transfer to molecular oxygen (O2) to initiate ROS production. However, the classical photodynamic approach presents drawbacks, like per se chemical reactivity of the photosensitizing agent or fast molecular photobleaching due to in situ ROS generation, to name a few. Recently, a new approach, which promises many advantages, has entered the scene: plasmon-driven hot-electron chemistry. The effect takes advantage of the photoexcitation of plasmonic resonances in metal nanoparticles to induce a new cohort of photochemical and redox reactions. These metal photo-transducers are considered chemically inert and can undergo billions of photoexcitation rounds without bleaching or suffering significant oxidative alterations. Also, their optimal absorption band can be shape- and size-tailored in order to match any of the near infrared (NIR) biological windows, where undesired absorption/scattering are minimal. In this mini review, the basic mechanisms and principal benefits of this light-driven approach to generate ROS will be discussed. Additionally, some significant experiments in vitro and in vivo will be presented, and tentative new avenues for further research will be advanced.

Extremely enhanced contaminant decomposition catalyzed by hemin via the coupling of persistent free radicals and ascorbic acid

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (89) ◽  
pp. 16139-16142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyuan Yao ◽  
Bin Jiang ◽  
Yajun Mao ◽  
Juan Chen ◽  
Zhenfu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Rate Enhancement

A positive role of PFRs in enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for an extreme rate enhancement in environmental pollutant decomposition is reported.

44 REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN VITRIFIED BOVINE IN VITRO-MATURED OOCYTES

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Blasi ◽  
M. Rubessa ◽  
G. Albero ◽  
S. Lavrentiadou ◽  
V. Sapanidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Atp Depletion ◽  
Calcium Oscillation ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Oocyte Vitrification

Vitrification of in vitro-matured oocytes has important applications in fertility preservation and management of genetic resources. However, despite the increasing interest, the efficiency of oocyte vitrification needs to be improved. It was demonstrated that under stressful conditions of cryopreserving pig oocytes accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS; Gupta et al. 2010 Fertility and Sterility 93, 2602–2607). Reactive oxygen species are known to exert harmful effects such as mitochondrial damage, ATP (ATP) depletion, altered calcium oscillation during fertilization and consequently their developmental ability may be compromised (Takahashi et al. 2003 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66, 143–152). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the exposure to cryoprotectants and vitrification procedure affect ROS production in bovine in vitro-matured oocytes. Abattoir-derived bovine (n = 360, over 6 replicates) cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs), were in vitro-matured. COCs were mechanically stripped of their cumulus cells by gentle pipetting, washed and divided into 3 groups: control (C; i.e. fresh non treated oocytes), toxicity (T) and vitrification (V) groups. In group V, oocytes were exposed to 10% ethylene glycol (EG) + 10% DMSO for 3 min, then to 20% EG + 20% DMSO and 0.5 M sucrose, loaded on cryotops and plunged into liquid nitrogen within 25 s. Oocytes were warmed into a 1.25 M sucrose solution for 1 min and then to decreasing concentrations of sucrose (0.625 M, 0.42 M and 0.31 M) for 30 s each. In group T, oocytes were simply exposed to the vitrification and warming solutions. ROS determination was carried out by a spectrofluorometer at 495 nm excitation and 525 nm emission. Frozen oocytes were thawed and incubated in 500 μL of TRIS-HCl 40 mM, pH 7.0 in the presence of 5 μmol L–1 of 2′,7′-dichlorfluorescein-diacetate, for 20 min at 37°C into a shaker. After incubation, the extraction was obtained by a syringe and the samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. Data were expressed as arbitrary ROS units per oocyte per min (U) and analysed by ANOVA. The results of this study showed that in bovine oocytes ROS levels tend to increase in the T and V groups compared to group C (76.0 ± 6.4, 249.9 ± 87.3 and 147.6 ± 42.6 in C, T and V groups, respectively). However, there were no statistical differences among groups and this was mainly due to the high variability recorded in both treated groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that both exposure to cryoprotectants and vitrification of in vitro-matured oocytes may influence ROS generation. However, the high variability recorded among replicates recommends further investigations.

scholarly journals Peptide-Templated Gold Clusters as Enzyme-Like Catalyst Boost Intracellular Oxidative Pressure and Induce Tumor-Specific Cell Apoptosis

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Zhang ◽  
Xiangchun Zhang ◽  
Qing Yuan ◽  
Wenchao Niu ◽  
Chunyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Potential Damage

Anticancer metallodrugs that aim to physiological characters unique to tumor microenvironment are expected to combat drug tolerance and side-effects. Recently, owing to the fact that reactive oxygen species’ is closely related to the development of tumors, people are committed to developing metallodrugs with the capacity of improving the level of reactive oxygen species level toinduce oxidative stress in cancer cells. Herein, we demonstrated that peptide templated gold clusters with atomic precision preferably catalyze the transformation of hydrogen peroxide into superoxide anion in oxidative pressure-type tumor cells. Firstly, we successfully constructed gold clusters by rationally designing peptide sequences which targets integrin ανβ3 overexpressed on glioblastoma cells. The superoxide anion, radical derived from hydrogen peroxide and catalyzed by gold clusters, was confirmed in vitro under pseudo-physiological conditions. Then, kinetic parameters were evaluated to verify the catalytic properties of gold clusters. Furthermore, these peptide decorated clusters can serve as special enzyme-like catalyst to convert endogenous hydrogen peroxide into superoxide anion, elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, lower mitochondrial membrane potential, damage biomacromolecules, and trigger tumor cell apoptosis consequently.

Reactive Oxygen Species Measured from Suspensions of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes after the Addition of Silicon Carbide Particles

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-556
Author(s):  
Mario Governa ◽  
Matteo Valentino ◽  
Monica Amati ◽  
Francesca Monaco ◽  
Isabella Visoná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Quartz Dust ◽  
Silicon Carbide Particles ◽  
Carbide Particles

A sample of silicon carbide (SiC) dust was collected from a factory manufacturing SiC abrasives, then tested in vitro to find out whether it could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) after its addition to human polymorphonuclear leukocyte suspensions. We compared the results of milled and unmilled SiC with those obtained from quartz dust and asbestos fibres, which are known causes of severe pulmonary lesions. ROS production was measured with the chemiluminescence (CD technique. CL values obtained with our two forms of SiC (milled and unmilled) were approximately twice those measured in the controls (where no mineral particles were added), approximately 80% of the values found with asbestos fibres, and only 12.5% of the values measured with quartz. Iron traces were found on the surface of a small number of the particles tested, which could be as a result of contamination. These iron traces could help to explain our findings, since, together with the iron traces present in the culture medium, they could have triggered ROS generation in a Fenton-type reaction.

scholarly journals Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Pathogenesis of Radiocontrast-Induced Nephropathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pisani ◽  
Eleonora Riccio ◽  
Michele Andreucci ◽  
Teresa Faga ◽  
Michael Ashour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Ros Formation

In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated enhanced hypoxia and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidney following the administration of iodinated contrast media, which play a relevant role in the development of contrast media-induced nephropathy. Many studies indeed support this possibility, suggesting a protective effect of ROS scavenging or reduced ROS formation with the administration of N-acetylcysteine and bicarbonate infusion, respectively. Furthermore, most risk factors, predisposing to contrast-induced nephropathy, are prone to enhanced renal parenchymal hypoxia and ROS formation. In this review, the association of renal hypoxia and ROS-mediated injury is outlined. Generated during contrast-induced renal parenchymal hypoxia, ROS may exert direct tubular and vascular endothelial injury and might further intensify renal parenchymal hypoxia by virtue of endothelial dysfunction and dysregulation of tubular transport. Preventive strategies conceivably should include inhibition of ROS generation or ROS scavenging.

Role of reactive oxygen species in organophosphate insecticide phosalone toxicity in erythrocytes in vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Altuntas ◽  
N Delibas ◽  
D.K Doguc ◽  
S Ozmen ◽  
F Gultekin
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide

scholarly journals The Neuro-Protective Effects of the TSPO Ligands CB86 and CB204 on 6-OHDA-Induced PC12 Cell Death as an In Vitro Model for Parkinson’s Disease

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Sheelu Monga ◽  
Nunzio Denora ◽  
Valentino Laquintana ◽  
Rami Yashaev ◽  
Abraham Weizman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
The Impact

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra (SN). Oxidative stress or reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was suggested to play a role in this specific type of neurodegeneration. Therapeutic options which can target and counteract ROS generation may be of benefit. TSPO ligands are known to counteract with neuro-inflammation, ROS generation, apoptosis, and necrosis. In the current study, we investigated an in vitro cellular PD model by the assessment of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 80 µM)-induced PC12 neurotoxicity. Simultaneously to the exposure of the cells to 6-OHDA, we added the TSPO ligands CB86 and CB204 (25 µM each) and assessed the impact on several markers of cell death. The two ligands normalized significantly (57% and 52% respectively, from 44%; whereas the control was 68%) cell proliferation at different time points from 0–24 h. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of these two TSPO ligands on necrosis using propidium iodide (PI) staining and found that the ligands inhibited significantly the 6-OHDA-induced necrosis. As compared to control, the red count was increased up to 57-fold whereas CB86 and CB204 inhibited to 2.7-fold and 3.2-fold respectively. Necrosis was also analyzed by LDH assay which showed significant effect. Both assays demonstrated similar potent anti-necrotic effect of the two TSPO ligands. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by 6-OHDA was also inhibited by the two TSPO ligand up to 1.3 and 1.5-fold respectively, as compared to 6-OHDA group. CB86 and CB204 inhibited also normalized the cell viability up to 1.8-fold after the exposure to 6-OHDA, as assessed by XTT assay. The two TSPO ligands also inhibited apoptosis significantly (1.3-fold for both) as assessed by apopxin green staining. In summary, it appears that the two TSPO ligands CB86 and CB204 can suppress cell death of PC12 induced by 6-OHDA. The results may be relevant to the use of these two TSPO ligands as therapeutic option neurodegenerative diseases like PD.

Synergistic Effect of Scutellaria baicalensis and Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins on Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species in Vitro

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo-Hui Shao ◽  
Terry L. Vanden Hoek ◽  
Chang-Qing Li ◽  
Paul T. Schumacker ◽  
Lance B. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins

Scutellaria baicalensis (SbE) is a commonly used Chinese herb medicine and grape seed proanthocyanidins is a popular herbal supplement in the United States. Both herbs have been shown to possess potent antioxidant effects. Using an in vitro model to produce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ( H 2 O 2/ FeSO 4 for hydroxyl radicals, xanthine/xanthine oxidase for suproxide), we observed that Scutellaria baicalensis and grape seed proanthocyanidins acted synergistically to scavenge ROS. Our data suggest that a combination of these two herbs can potentially enhance their antioxidant efficacy, allowing lower dosages of each drug to be used. This has the advantage of avoiding possible side effects that may arise when higher doses of a single herb are used in an attempt to achieve a maximum degree of antioxidant activity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document