scholarly journals Loss and Dysregulation of Th17 Cells during HIV Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Bixler ◽  
Joseph J. Mattapallil
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
Chronic Immune Activation ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Mucosal Tissues

Bacterial translocation across the damaged mucosal epithelium has emerged as a major paradigm for chronic immune activation observed during HIV infection. T helper 17 (Th17) cells are a unique lineage of T helper cells that are enriched in mucosal tissues and are thought to play a central role in protecting the integrity of the mucosal barrier and maintaining immune homeostasis at mucosal sites. Th17 cells are lost very early during the course of HIV infection, and their loss has been shown to correlate with bacterial translocation. Interestingly, Th17 cells are unable to completely recover from the early destruction even after successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here, we review some of the potential mechanisms for the loss and dysregulation of Th17 cells during HIV infection.

scholarly journals Generation of IL-8 and IL-9 Producing CD4+T Cells Is Affected by Th17 Polarizing Conditions and AHR Ligands

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Gasch ◽  
Tina Goroll ◽  
Mario Bauer ◽  
Denise Hinz ◽  
Nicole Schütze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon

The T helper cell subsets Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg play an important role in immune cell homeostasis, in host defense, and in immunological disorders. Recently, much attention has been paid to Th17 cells which seem to play an important role in the early phase of the adoptive immune response and autoimmune disease. When generating Th17 cells underin vitroconditions the amount of IL-17A producing cells hardly exceeds 20% while the nature of the remaining T cells is poorly characterized. As engagement of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has also been postulated to modulate the differentiation of T helper cells into Th17 cells with regard to the IL-17A expression we ask how far do Th17 polarizing conditions in combination with ligand induced AHR activation have an effect on the production of other T helper cell cytokines. We found that a high proportion of T helper cells cultured under Th17 polarizing conditions are IL-8 and IL-9 single producing cells and that AHR activation results in an upregulation of IL-8 and a downregulation of IL-9 production. Thus, we have identified IL-8 and IL-9 producing T helper cells which are subject to regulation by the engagement of the AHR.

The Abundance of Clostridium Hathewayi, a Potent Inducer of T Helper 17 (Th17) Cells, is Associated with the Disease Severity of Crohn's Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. S993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyohei Nishino ◽  
Hirotsugu Imaeda ◽  
Shigeki Sakai ◽  
Masashi Ohno ◽  
Atsushi Nishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Potent Inducer

scholarly journals The influence of paediatric HIV infection on circulating B cell subsets and CXCR5 + T helper cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bamford ◽  
M. Hart ◽  
H. Lyall ◽  
D. Goldblatt ◽  
P. Kelleher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
B Cell ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Paediatric Hiv ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
B Cell Subsets ◽  
Paediatric Hiv Infection

scholarly journals Pivotal Roles of T-Helper 17-Related Cytokines, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23, in Inflammatory Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Qu ◽  
Mingli Xu ◽  
Izuru Mizoguchi ◽  
Jun-ichi Furusawa ◽  
Kotaro Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

T-helper 17 (Th17) cells are characterized by producing interleukin-17 (IL-17, also called IL-17A), IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22 and potentially TNF-α and IL-6 upon certain stimulation. IL-23, which promotes Th17 cell development, as well as IL-17 and IL-22 produced by the Th17 cells plays essential roles in various inflammatory diseases, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, and Concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of the functional role of Th17 cells, with particular focus on the Th17 cell-related cytokines such as IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23, in mouse models and human inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals The protective effect of curcumin on rats with DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and its mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Guo ◽  
Yan-yan Zhang ◽  
Mei Sun ◽  
Ling-fen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Aim This study aimed to explore effect of curcumin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats and its mechanism.Methods: A dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model was established. The disease activity index (DAI) scores were calculated. The histopathological damage scores were determined by haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Regulatory T (Treg) cells and T helper 17 (Th17) cells in the spleen were analysed by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17A were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Compared with the DSS model group, the curcumin group exhibited significantly reduced DAI scores and improvements in histopathological damage. The expression of CD4+IL-17+ Th17 cells was significantly lower and the expression of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells was significantly higher in the curcumin group than in the DSS group.Conclusion: Curcumin may be a new and effective treatment for IBD by regulating the balance of Treg/Th17 cells and the expression of IL-10 and IL-17A.

scholarly journals Update on regulation and effector functions of Th17 cells

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivy Sandquist ◽  
Jay Kolls
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Effector Functions ◽  
Th1 Cytokine

T-helper cells that produce IL-17 are recognized as a significant subset within cell-mediated adaptive immunity. These cells are implicated in both the pathology of inflammatory disorders as well as the clearance of extracellular infections and the maintenance of the microbiota. However, the dynamic nature of this cell type has created controversy in understanding Th17 induction as well as Th17 phenotyping, since these cells may switch from Th17 to Treg or Th17 to Th1 cytokine profiles under certain conditions. This review highlights recent advances in Th17 cells in understanding their role in commensal regulation, sex difference in immune outcomes and the immunology of pregnancy, as well as inventive experimental models that have allowed for an increased understanding of Th17 regulation and induction.

scholarly journals Differential Levels of Regulatory T Cells and T-Helper-17 Cells in Women With Early and Advanced Endometriosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 4715-4729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaleque N Khan ◽  
Kazuo Yamamoto ◽  
Akira Fujishita ◽  
Hideki Muto ◽  
Akemi Koshiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
American Society ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations

Abstract Context Regulatory T (Treg) cells and T-helper-17 (Th17) cells may be involved in endometriosis. Information on the pattern of change in the percentages of Treg and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) of women with early and advanced endometriosis is unclear. Objective To investigate the pattern of change in the percentages of Treg and Th17 cells in the PB and PF of women with early and advanced endometriosis. Methods We recruited 31 women with laparoscopically and histologically confirmed, revised American Society of Reproductive Medicine stage I-II endometriosis, 39 women with stage III-IV endometriosis, and 36 control subjects without visible endometriosis. PB and PF samples were collected and T-cell subpopulations analyzed by flow cytometry using specific monoclonal antibodies recognizing CD4+, CD25+, FOXP3+, and IL-17A+ markers. PF concentrations of TGF-β and IL-17 were measured by ELISA. Results The percentages of CD25+FOXP3+ Treg cells within the CD4+ T-cell population were significantly higher in the PF of women with advanced endometriosis than in either early endometriosis or in control subjects (P < 0.05 for both). A persistently lower percentage of CD4+IL-17A+ Th17 cells was found in both PB and PF of women with early and advanced endometriosis. Compared with IL-17 levels, PF levels of TGF-β were significantly higher in women with endometriosis (P = 0.01). Conclusion Our findings reconfirmed the current speculation that endometriosis is related to alteration of Treg and Th17 cells in the pelvis causing survival and implantation of ectopic endometrial lesions.

scholarly journals Notch signaling pathway regulates CD4+CD25+CD127dim/− regulatory T cells and T helper 17 cells function in gastric cancer patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yang ◽  
Ke-Lei Zhao ◽  
Lei Qin ◽  
Dan-Xia Ji ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17

Abstract Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells contribute to cancer progression and prognosis. However, regulatory factors associated with Tregs–Th17 balance were not completely understood. We previously demonstrated an immune-modulatory capacity by Notch signaling inactivation to reverse Tregs–Th17 disequilibrium in chronic hepatitis C. Thus, the aim of current study was to assess the role of Notch signaling in modulation Tregs and Th17 cells function in gastric cancer (GC) patients. A total of 51 GC patients and 18 normal controls (NCs) were enrolled. Notch1 and Notch2 mRNA expressions were semiquantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tregs/Th17 percentages, transcriptional factors, and cytokines production were investigated in response to the stimulation of Notch signaling inhibitor DAPT. Both Notch1 and Notch2 mRNA expressions were elevated in GC tissues and peripheral bloods in GC patients. CD4+CD25+CD127dim/− Tregs and Th17 cells percentage was also elevated in GC patients compared with in NCs. DAPT treatment did not affect frequency of either circulating Tregs or Th17 cells, however, reduced FoxP3/RORγt mRNA expression and interleukin (IL)-35/IL-17 production in purified CD4+ T cells from GC patients. Moreover, blockade of Notch signaling also inhibited the suppressive function of purified CD4+CD25+CD127dim/− Tregs from GC patients, which presented as elevation of cellular proliferation and IL-35 secretion. The current data further provided mechanism underlying Tregs–Th17 balance in GC patients. The link between Notch signaling and Th cells might lead to a new therapeutic target for GC patients.

scholarly journals The Interleukin (IL) 17R/IL-22R Signaling Axis Is Dispensable for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Regardless of Estrogen Status

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (9) ◽  
pp. 1554-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M Peters ◽  
Bianca M Coleman ◽  
Hubertine M E Willems ◽  
Katherine S Barker ◽  
Felix E Y Aggor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Signature ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Interleukin 22 ◽  
Mucosal Tissues ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Estrogen Administration

Abstract Candida albicans, a ubiquitous commensal fungus that colonizes human mucosal tissues and skin, can become pathogenic, clinically manifesting most commonly as oropharyngeal candidiasis and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Studies in mice and humans convincingly show that T-helper 17 (Th17)/interleukin 17 (IL-17)–driven immunity is essential to control oral and dermal candidiasis. However, the role of the IL-17 pathway during VVC remains controversial, with conflicting reports from human data and mouse models. Like others, we observed induction of a strong IL-17–related gene signature in the vagina during estrogen-dependent murine VVC. As estrogen increases susceptibility to vaginal colonization and resulting immunopathology, we asked whether estrogen use in the standard VVC model masks a role for the Th17/IL-17 axis. We demonstrate that mice lacking IL-17RA, Act1, or interleukin 22 showed no evidence for altered VVC susceptibility or immunopathology, regardless of estrogen administration. Hence, these data support the emerging consensus that Th17/IL-17 axis signaling is dispensable for the immunopathogenesis of VVC.

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