scholarly journals Expression of Melatonin Synthesizing Enzymes inHelicobacter pyloriInfected Gastric Mucosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezary Chojnacki ◽  
Tomasz Popławski ◽  
Janusz Blasiak ◽  
Jan Chojnacki ◽  
Russel J. Reiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pyloricolonization of gastric mucosa causes pain of unknown etiology in about 15–20% of infected subjects. The aim of the present work was to determine the level of expression of enzymes involved in the synthesis of melatonin in gastric mucosa of asymptomatic and symptomaticH. pyloriinfected patients. To diagnoseH. pyloriinfection, histological analysis and the urea breath test (UBT C13) were performed. The levels of mRNA expression of arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) and acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) were estimated in gastric mucosa with RT-PCR. The level of AA-NAT expression and AMST was decreased inH. pyloriinfected patients and was increased afterH. pylorieradication. We conclude that decreased expression of melatonin synthesizing enzymes, AA-NAT and ASMT, in patients with symptomaticH. pyloriinfection returns to normal level afterH. pylorieradication.

A comparative study of the 14C-Urea Breath Test and histology for the detection of Helicobacter pylori in terms of cost effectiveness and patient acceptability

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Fawzia Ismail Peer
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Biopsy Specimen ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Patient Acceptability ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
H Pylori

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Carbon-14 Urea Breath Test e4C-UBT) and histology for the detection of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) in terms of cost-effectiveness and patient perceptions. It was hypothesized that the 14C_UBTwas more cost-effective and more easily tolerated than a histological analysis of a biopsy specimen obtained on endoscopy for H pylori detection

scholarly journals Correlation between Quantitative 13C-Urea Breath Test and Helicobacter pylori Treatment Success in a Population-Based Cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doron Boltin ◽  
Zohar Levi ◽  
Tsachi Tsadok Perets ◽  
Hemda Schmilovitz-Weiss ◽  
Rachel Gingold-Belfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
13C Urea Breath Test ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Treatment ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
First Time

Background. There are continual efforts to identify factors which influence the success of first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The 13C-urea breath test result (C13-UBT) utilizes H. pylori urease activity and is a highly accurate diagnostic assay. We aimed to determine whether the magnitude of C13-UBT result is related to treatment success. Methods. Adult patients who underwent a first-time 13C-urea breath test between January 2010 and January 2016 were included. In order to isolate a naïve test-and-treat population who were unlikely to have undergone an initial endoscopy-based H. pylori test, we excluded patients > 45 years and those with a previous C13-UBT. Data were extracted from the Clalit Health Services laboratory database. Results. A total of 94,590 subjects (36.1% male, age 28.5 ± 6.0 years) who underwent a first-time C13-UBT during the study period were included. C13-UBT was positive in 48,509 (51.3%) subjects. A confirmatory posttreatment C13-UBT was performed in 18,375 (37.8%), and eradication was successful in 12,018 (65.4%). The mean C13-UBT recording was 20.6 ± 16.2 DOB in subjects with successful eradication and 19.5 ± 13.1 DOB in subjects with treatment failure (OR, 1.01; 95% CI 1.00-1.01, p<0.01). Among patients in the upper quintile of C13-UBT measurement, eradication was achieved in 67.6%, compared to 62.6% in the lower quintile (OR, 1.22; 95% CI 1.11-1.35, p<0.01). Subjects in the top 1 percentile (C13-UBT ≥ 70 DOB) achieved eradication in 75.0%, compared to 65.3% among subjects with C13-UBT < 70 DOB (OR, 1.59; 95% CI 1.05-2.41, p<0.01). Conclusions. The superiority in H. pylori eradication observed in subjects with a higher C13-UBT DOB is small but significant. Further studies should examine the physiological and microbiological basis for this finding.

scholarly journals Vertical Helicobacter pylori transmission from Mongolian gerbil mothers to pups

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Oshio ◽  
Takako Osaki ◽  
Tomoko Hanawa ◽  
Hideo Yonezawa ◽  
Cynthia Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mongolian Gerbil ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Mother's Milk ◽  
Mother’S Milk ◽  
H Pylori

To identify the time frame and route of mother-to-child Helicobacter pylori infection, a Mongolian gerbil model was used. Four-week-old female Mongolian gerbils were infected with H. pylori, and then mated with uninfected males 2 months after infection. The offspring were sacrificed weekly after birth, and then serum, mother's milk from the stomach and gastric tissues were obtained from pups. Anti-H. pylori antibody titres were measured in sera and maternal milk using an ELISA. The stomach was cut in two in the sagittal plane, and then H. pylori colonization in mucosa was confirmed by culture and real-time RT-PCR in one specimen and by immunochemical staining in the other. Faeces and oral swabs were obtained from infected mothers, and H. pylori 16S rRNA was measured using real-time RT-PCR. H. pylori was not identified in cultures from the gastric mucosa of pups delivered by infected mothers, but H. pylori 16S rRNA was detected from 4 weeks after birth, suggesting that Mongolian gerbil pups become infected via maternal H. pylori transmission from 4 weeks of age. The anti-H. pylori antibody titre in sera of pups from infected mothers was maximum at 3 weeks of age and then rapidly decreased from 4 weeks of age. High antibody titres in mother's milk were detected during the suckling period, and GlcNAcα was detectable at 2–4 weeks of age, but disappeared as the offspring aged. Thus H. pylori seems to infect Mongolian gerbil pups from 4 weeks of age, in parallel with decreasing GlcNAcα expression in the gastric mucosa. These results suggested that H. pylori infection of Mongolian gerbil pups occurs via faecal–oral transmission from an infected mother.

Helicobacter pylori causes gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with congenital bleeding disorders

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (04) ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Sofie Rehnberg ◽  
Marju Hein ◽  
Olga Hegedus ◽  
Per Lindmarker ◽  
Per Hellström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
One Year

Summary Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The eradication of H. pylori is of special interest in patients with congenital bleeding disorders, for whom treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage with factor concentrates is costly. The prevalence of H. pylori varies between different populations and identification of high-risk subgroups may allow for more targeted screening and eradication of the infection. We performed a 5-year retrospective study of gastrointestinal bleeding, combined with screening and treatment for H. pylori and a long-term prospective follow-up in 168 Swedish and 23 Estonian patients with hemophilia or von Willebrand disease. The prevalence of seropositivity was lower in Sweden than in Estonia (28 versus 48%, p = 0.03), lower in native Swedes than in non-Nordic immigrants to Sweden (20 versus 76%, p = 0.0001) and lower in patients less than 40 years of age than older patients (16 versus 38%, p = 0.002). The incidence of gastrointestinal hemorrhages among the 35 Swedish patients with active H. pylori infection, confirmed by a urea breath test, was 6.0 per 100 patient-years before eradication therapy versus 1.7 during the prospective followup. A negative urea breath test one month after therapy always remained negative after one year. Screening, followed by treatment of all infected patients, yielded a reduction of direct costs over a 5-year period of 130 US-$ per screened patient. We conclude that screening and eradication therapy for infection with H. pylori in patients with congenital bleeding disorders is an effective and economic strategy.

scholarly journals Serology Is More Sensitive Than Urea Breath Test or Stool Antigen for the Initial Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Gastritis When Compared With Histopathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
Dustin E Bosch ◽  
Niklas Krumm ◽  
Mark H Wener ◽  
Matthew M Yeh ◽  
Camtu D Truong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Diagnostic Error ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Noninvasive Test ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
And Performance ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Objectives To assess the concordance and performance characteristics of Helicobacter pylori laboratory tests compared with histopathology and to propose algorithms for the diagnosis of H pylori that minimize diagnostic error. Methods H pylori diagnostics were reviewed from a 12-year period within a health system (2,560 cases). Analyses were performed to adjust diagnostic performance based on treatment and consensus histopathologic diagnoses among pathologists. Markers of access to care, including test cancellation frequency and turnaround time, were assessed. Costs and performance of candidate noninvasive testing algorithms were modeled as a function of disease prevalence. Results Serum H pylori IgG demonstrated a higher sensitivity (0.94) than urea breath and stool antigen tests (0.64 and 0.61, respectively). Evidence of an advantage in access to care for serology included a lower cancellation rate. Interobserver variability was higher (κ = 0.34) among pathologists for cases with a discordant laboratory test than concordant cases (κ = 0.56). A model testing algorithm utilizing serology for first-time diagnoses minimizes diagnostic error. Conclusions Although H pylori serology has modestly lower specificity than other noninvasive tests, the superior sensitivity and negative predictive value in our population support its use as a noninvasive test to rule out H pylori infection. Reflexive testing with positive serology followed by either stool antigen or urea breath test may optimize diagnostic accuracy in low-prevalence populations.

Chronic Pruritus Associated with Helicobacter Pylori

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Roshini Kandyil ◽  
Nadia S. Satya ◽  
Robert A. Swerlick
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Complete Relief ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Temporary Relief ◽  
Chronic Pruritus ◽  
H Pylori

Background: Helicobacter pylori is an established cause of gastritis and has been implicated in extradigestive diseases. Objective: To investigate the role of H. pylori in patients with unexplained refractory pruritus. Methods: Ten patients with severe pruritus unresponsive to conventional therapy were evaluated for active H. pylori infection by H. pylori serology followed by either esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or urea breath test. Of the 10 patients, 8 were found to have active infection. All 10 received anti- H. pylori antibiotic therapy and were reevaluated for relief of pruritus. Results: Of 8 patients with active H. pylori infection, 87.5% (7/8) had some type of pruritus relief after triple therapy. Of these, 62.5% (5/8) had complete relief and 25% (2/8) had temporary relief of pruritus. The remaining 12.5% (1/8) did not respond. Two control patients without active H. pylori infection had no relief of pruritus with therapy. Conclusions: We have identified a population of patients with refractory pruritus and active H. pylori infection whose pruritus resolved after eradication of H. pylori.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF UREA BREATH TEST FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH DYSPEPSIA IN COMPARISON TO HISTOPATHOLOGY

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser HONAR ◽  
Alireza MINAZADEH ◽  
Nader SHAKIBAZAD ◽  
Mahmood HAGHIGHAT ◽  
Forough SAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Background - Helicobacter pylori infection is the gram negative bacillus with the close association with chronic antral gastritis. Objective - In this study, we evaluate the accuracy of urea breath test (UBT) with carbon isotope 13 in comparison with histopathology of gastric antrum for detection of H. pylori infection in children with dyspepsia. Methods - This cross-sectional study was performed at specialized laboratory of Shiraz Gastroenterohepatology Research Center and Nemazee Hospital, Iran, during a 12-months period. This study investigated the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of UBT in comparison with biopsy-based tests. We included a consecutive selection of 60 children who fulfilled Rome III criteria for dyspepsia. All children were referred for performing UBT with carbon isotope 13 (C13) as well as endoscopy. Biopsies were taken from antrum of stomach and duodenum. The pathologic diagnosis was considered as the standard test. Results - The mean age of the participants was 10.1±2.6 (range 7-17 years). From our total 60 patients, 28 (46.7%) had positive UBT results and 32 (53.3%) had negative UBT results. Pathologic report of 16 (57.1%) out of 28 patients who had positive UBT were positive for H. pylori and 12 (42.9%) ones were negative. Sensitivity and specificity of C13-UBT for detection of H. pylori infection were 76.2% and 69.2% respectively. Conclusion - Sensitivity and specificity of C13-UBT for detection of H. pylori infection were 76.2% and 69.2% respectively. Another multicenter study from our country is recommended.

scholarly journals Comparison of Helicobacter Pylori Genotypes Obtained from the Oropharynx and Stomach of the Same Individuals – A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Lukeš ◽  
E. Pavlík ◽  
B. Potužníková ◽  
J. Plzák ◽  
E. Nártová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Realtime Pcr ◽  
Oropharyngeal Infection ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylorihas been recently detected in the oral cavity and oropharynx. However, the role it plays in oral and oropharyngeal pathogenesis remains unclear. The virulence ofH. pyloristrains can be distinguished according to the virulence factors genes carried. Our research has been focused on realtime PCR analysis ofcagAandvacAgenes ofH. pyloristrains in tonsils and tonsillar squamous cell cancer and their comparison withH. pyloristrains obtained from the gastric mucosa of the same patients. Urea breath test (UBT) test was used to detect a gastricH. pyloriinfection in 20 patients with previously provenH. pyloriin the oropharynx. Genotyping ofH. pyloriin gastric biopsies was performed in patients with positive gastric infection. Out of 20 patients positive for oropharyngealH. pylori, 8 were positive for concurrent gastricH. pyloriinfection. In 6 of them gastric biopsies were obtained. Comparison of oropharyngeal and stomachH. pylorigenotypes showed important differences. Four of 6 patients had differentH. pyloristrains in the oropharynx and stomach. The differences were found incagAgene as well as invacAgene. The finding of oral presence ofH. pyloriwithout concurrent stomach infection was confirmed using UBT. The results show that more than oneH. pyloristrain can be present in oropharynx and stomach in the same patient. The oropharyngeal infection seems to be independent to the gastric infection.

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