scholarly journals Deliberations on the External Morphology and Modification of the Labial Segments in the Nepomorpha (Heteroptera: Insecta) with Notes on the Phylogenetic Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Brożek
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
The Third ◽  
Apical Plate ◽  
Distal Edge ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present study provides new data concerning the external morphology of the labial segments of 46 species from nine Nepomorpha families using the scanning electron microscope. The labial segments are described in detail and images of their structures are presented for the systematic groups. Subsequent segments of the labium (I, II, III, and IV) are shaped similarly in all investigated taxa but carry individual characters in some (sub-)families. Five morphologically distinct forms of the apical plate and five intercalary sclerites have been identified. Additionally, three types of the articulation on the dorsal side between the third and second segments are interpreted as the new characters. The presence of the midventral condyle on the distal edge of the first segment and the third segment has been reanalyzed. New position of the midventral condyle on the proximal edge of the fourth labial segment has been distinguished in several groups. The new set of characters has been estimated from the plesiomorphic taxa of the Nepoidea (Nepidae and Belostomatidae) and subsequently through the more advanced taxa in the relation to the outgroup (Gerromorpha). The evaluation of these characters has revealed twenty-seven new apomorphies for the labium in the Nepomorpha.

The External Morphology of the Eggs of Culex (Culex) saltanensis (Diptera: Culicidae) Under Scanning Electron Microscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Santos-Mallet ◽  
T D Balthazar ◽  
A A Oliveira ◽  
W A Marques ◽  
A Q Bastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Metal Supports ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The aim of the present study was to describe the morphology of the eggs of Culex (Culex) saltanensis Dyar that occurs in the Neotropical region. Eggs of the Cx. (Cux.) saltanensis were collected at the Mata Atlântica FIOCRUZ campus, fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, prepared for mounting on metal supports, observed under a scanning electron microscope, and described morphologically. The eggs had a coniform shape with a length of approximately 0.5 mm (505–510 µm) and a width in the median portion of 117 µm (113–123 µm). Upper portion is lined with tubers of irregular shape and varying sizes (0.64–1.31 µm), located on a cross-linked matrix forming bands observed under optical microscopy. The micropyle is encased in a necklace of approximately 6.6-µm plates arranged in a flower-like shape. Comparing Cx. (Cux.) saltanensis eggs with several species of different genera, important divergent characteristics can be observed. However, this study points to the need for new descriptions of eggs of species belonging to the same subgenus in order to analyze if there will be differences between them. Culex (Cux.) saltanensis eggs have particular characteristics not observed in eggs of other Culicidae genera.

Composition of the genus Loricella (Mollusca: Polyplacophora: Loricidae) and the description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4981 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-300
Author(s):  
BORIS SIRENKO
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Related Genus ◽  
Mouth Region ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

The genus chiton Loricella is revised. It comprises nine species. Two of these species, L. neoguinensis n. sp. and L. solomonensis n. sp., are described as new. Based on the analysis of morphological features studied using a scanning electron microscope, a revised diagnosis of the genus is provided. The characters diagnostic for this that distinguish it from the related genus Squamophora are as follows: a tubular hollow inside the dorsal scales, bristles on the dorsal side of the girdle, a wide ventral mouth region, a narrow mantle fold covered with simple longitudinally ribbed scales, smooth ventral scales, pits arranged in longitudinal rows in the central area of the tegmentum, and a bicuspid head of the major lateral teeth of the radula. 

Studies onTernidens deminutusRailliet & Henry, 1909 (Nematoda) I. External morphology

1973 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Goldsmid ◽  
N. F. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transmitted Light ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Transmitted Light Microscopy ◽  
Dimensional Picture ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present paper describes the size range ofTernidens deminutusfrom human and baboon hosts in Rhodesia and discusses the possible reasons for the differences noted.Using transmitted light and the scanning electron microscope, the external morphology ofT. deminutushas been re-studied and compared to investigations by other authors using transmitted light microscopy alone.The paper also illustrates the value of the scanning electron microscope in morphological studies in helminthology, especially when used in conjunction with the light microscope, to give an excellent three-dimensional picture of the species under investigation.It is intended to follow this work with further studies on the anatomy, histology, ultrastructure and histochemistry ofTernidens deminutus.

scholarly journals Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of the Ependymal Lining of the Third Ventricle

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Bruni
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Functional Involvement ◽  
Scanning Electron

SUMMARYIn its simplest form, the ependyma of the third ventricle consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. Although these typical mural cells constitute the greater part of the lining of the ventricle, a specialized variety of ependymal cell (the tanycyte) can also be distinguished within circumscribed areas of the ventricular wall. Although such cells are found scattered throughout the dorsoventral extent of the third ventricle, they are particularly numerous along the ventrolateral walls and floor. The regional variation in the surface morphology of the ventricle walls as evident with the scanning electron microscope is consistent with this pattern of tanycyte distribution. Ultrastructural studies have established that the tanycyte is a fundamentally distinct cell with a long basal process extending into the subjacent neuropil and frequently directed toward a capillary wall. This unique morphology conforms closely to its three-dimensional appearance as demonstrated with the scanning electron microscope. The significance of ependymal tanycytes particularly of the third ventricle derives largely from the connections they establish between the ventricular lumen and vasculature of the median eminence. This intriguing structural relationship has led to the suggestion that ependymal cells and cerebrospinal fluid of the third ventricle may be involved in the regulation of adenohypophysial activity. Evidence indicating the functional involvement of specialized ependymal cells in the neuroendocrine control of pituitary activity is reviewed.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Antennal Sense Organs in Prosapia bicincta (Say) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Ping Liang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Trichoid Sensilla ◽  
Campaniform Sensillum ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

The external morphology of the sensilla on the antennae of the adult spittlebug, Prosapia bicincta (Say) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae), is described for the first time, using scanning electron microscope observations. The sensilla include one peg-like basiconic sensillum (about 65.05 to 65.90 μ in length and 13.33 to 14.08 μ in width at base), 18 to 23 porous coeloconic sensilla (mostly 7.38 to 8.94 μ in diam), one campaniform sensillum and a cluster of trichoid sensilla (about 45 to 55 (μ long). The first two types of sensilla are located on the expanded flagellar base, while the latter two sensilla are on the pedicel.

External sexual characters of larvae of Spodoptera littorails (Boisduval) and S. exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their use for sexing live larvae

1982 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda C. Haines
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractExternal sexual characters are described for the larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) and S. exempta (Wlk.). The characters on the female consist of two pairs of pits on the ventral surface of the eighth and ninth abdominal segments. These pits are visible under a light microscope and can therefore be used for the accurate sexing of live larvae from the third instar onwards. The first- and second-instar larvae of both species could not be sexed using external characters because of their small size. In the males of both species, there are no obvious external sexual characters until the last instar, and therefore the sexes are most easily separated by the presence or absence of the female characters. Third- to sixth-instar larvae of both species were examined for the presence or absence of the female pits and were then sexed by dissection. The accuracy of sexing using the external characters was 90–98% for S. littoralis and 100% in all cases for S. exempta. The histology of the female pits and their appearance under the scanning electron microscope is described. These pits in the female larvae give rise to the external openings of the adult reproductive system.

Distribution and innervation of sensilla on the mouthparts of the carnivorous stonefly nymph, Paragnetina media (Walker) (Plecoptera: Perlidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Campaniform Sensilla ◽  
Campaniform Sensillum ◽  
Mandibular Teeth ◽  
Paragnetina Media ◽  
Scanning Electron

The external morphology and distribution of various types of sensilla on the mouthparts of the nymphs of Paragnetina media are described, based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Hairs of various types are arranged in distinctive patterns on each mouthpart. Scolopophorous sensilla, each consisting of a pore canal and two bipolar neurons, are present in the mandibular teeth. The elliptical type of campaniform sensilla, multiporous columnar pegs, and nonporous sensilla are concentrated on the segments of the maxillary and labial palps. The tips of the maxillary and labial palps bear a cluster of uniporous multidigitate pegs, a multiporous peg, a circular type campaniform sensillum, and several nonporous sensilla. Nonsocketed uniporous pegs crown the tip of galeae and are also scattered over the surface of the glossae and paraglossae. Possible functions of these sensilla are discussed. A cleaning method is described to visualize details with the scanning electron microscope.

Ultrastructure and derivation of the alveolar brush cell

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-493
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Hijiya
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Type I ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Brush Cell ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the alveolar lining layer of the rat lung, besides the well documented two types of alveolar epithelical cell (Types I and II), the third epithelial cell (alveolar brush cell or Type III cell) has been found by Meyrick. Fine structure of alveolar brush cell and its relationship with Type I and II cells were investigated using a transmission, and especially a scanning electron microscope (TEM, SEM).Materials and Methods.Ninety—five male rats of the Wistar strain were injected intraperitoneally with lOmg/kg/day body weight of Bleomycin sulfate for 31 successive days. Another sixty male rats of the same strain ranged from 1 week to 20 weeks in age were also used. The animals were sacrificed under deep Ketalar anesthesia chronologically after treatment. The preparation of the lung specimens for TEM and SEM was carried out in the same way as described previously. TEM observations were made with an Akashi S500 electron microscope, and SEM observations were made with a Hitachi HFS-2S field emission source scanning electron microscope.

Morphology, arrangement and classification of sensilla on the apical segment of labium in Peiratinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2476 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOLANTA BROŻEK ◽  
DOMINIK CHŁOND
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Apical Segment ◽  
Campaniform Sensilla ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present paper describes sensory structures on the apical segment of the labium in representatives of the subfamily Peiratinae (Heteroptera: Reduviidae), using the scanning electron microscope. The study is based on dry material representing 19 species and 16 genera. Within Peiratinae thirteen morphologically distinct types of sensilla were identified. Among them were four new types of sensilla (porous placodea sensillum [PPLS], multilobate sensillum [MS], domeelongated sensillum [UDES], and pit peg sensillum type 2 [NPPS2]) were found. Mechanosensilla are evenly distributed on the surface of the labium and form a characteristic pattern in various species. The main characters of the third visible (apical) segment of the labium are: presence of different sized sensilla of the chaetica type 1, 2, and 3; trichodea sensilla (TS); campaniform sensilla (CS); and various types of nonporous pit peg sensilla (NPPS1, NPPS2, and NPPS3). Distally on the apical segment of the labium dome-elongated sensilla (UDES) there are a characteristic arrangements, described as (3+3) and (1+2). Chemical sensilla are grouped on the tip of the labium. The position, number, and types of chemical sensilla on this area are very similar in all studied species.

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