scholarly journals Can Written Disclosure Reduce Psychological Distress and Increase Objectively Measured Injury Mobility of Student-Athletes? A Randomized Controlled Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Duncan ◽  
Yori Gidron ◽  
David Lavallee
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Written Disclosure ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Writing Group ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Growth Controls

Injured students-athletes took part in a randomized controlled trial to test whether written disclosure could reduce psychological distress and improve injury mobility. Writing took place alongside prescribed physical rehabilitation and consisted of three 20-minute writing sessions, once a week for three consecutive weeks. Participants in the experimental injury-writing group followed a structured form of written disclosure, called the guided disclosure protocol (GDP). They firstly, wrote about the onset of their injury in a chronological manner, secondly, they explicitly labelled their emotions and described the impact of the injury, finally they wrote about future coping and psychological growth. Controls wrote about nonemotional and noninjury related topics. In addition to self-report measures, a physiotherapist, blind to experimental condition, assessed mobility at the injury site. Although self-report indices remained unchanged, the GDP group evidenced a significant improvement in injury mobility compared to controls.

Impact of eHealth technologies on patient outcomes: a meta-analysis of chronic gastrointestinal illness interventions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A Rohde ◽  
Joshua O Barker ◽  
Seth M Noar
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Ehealth Intervention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Clinic Hospital

Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) illness interventions are increasingly utilizing eHealth technologies, yet little is currently known about the extent of their impact on patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the GI eHealth intervention literature. We used a comprehensive search strategy to locate studies. To be included, studies had to be a randomized controlled trial comparing an eHealth intervention condition against a no-treatment or waitlist control condition. Studies had to report data on at least one of the following patient outcomes: medication adherence, quality of life (QoL), psychological distress, illness-related knowledge, or number of patient visits to the clinic/hospital. Analyses weighted effect sizes (d) by their inverse variance and combined them using random effects meta-analytic procedures. K = 19 studies conducted in eight countries with a cumulative sample size of N = 3,193 were meta-analyzed. Findings indicated that GI eHealth interventions improved patients’ QoL (d = .25, p = .008), psychological distress (d = .24, p = .017), medication adherence (d = .17, p = .014), and illness-related knowledge (d = .19, p = .002). GI eHealth interventions also significantly reduced the number of patient visits to the clinic/hospital (d = .78, p = .005). Our findings suggest that eHealth interventions hold promise in improving patient outcomes for those with GI illnesses. We suggest the next generation of GI interventions continue developing and evaluating the impact of technology using randomized controlled trial designs, and perhaps consider adapting existing efficacious interventions for burgeoning platforms, such as smartphones and tablets.

scholarly journals Effects of Avocado Consumption on Gastrointestinal Microbial Metabolite Concentrations and Taxa Abundances: A Randomized, Controlled Trial (OR23-07-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Thompson ◽  
Caitlyn Edwards ◽  
Ginger Reeser ◽  
Naiman Khan ◽  
Hannah Holscher
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Hass Avocado ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Objectives Avocados are rich in dietary fiber and monounsaturated fatty acids, nutrients that have been independently connected with metabolic health benefits and changes to the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota. However, little is known regarding the impact of avocado consumption on GI microbial community composition and microbially-derived metabolites, particularly among adults with overweight or obesity. Methods Adults (n = 160) between 25–45 years of age with BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 were enrolled in an investigator-blinded, parallel arm, randomized, controlled trial. Participants consumed isocaloric meals with or without fresh Hass avocado once daily for 12-weeks. Compliance was evaluated with daily self-report records. Fecal microbially-derived metabolites, including acetate, propionate, butyrate, isovalerate, valerate, and isobutyrate were quantified using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy on a dry matter basis. Following fecal DNA extraction, microbial analyses were conducted by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequence data were analyzed using DADA2 and QIIME version 2. Per protocol (PP; >80% meal consumption) and intent-to-treat (ITT) approaches were applied and generalized linear mixed models were assessed for treatment, time, and treatment by time interactions in SAS version 9.4. Results The intervention was completed by 88% (n = 140) of participants, average meal compliance among both groups was 90%, and 83% (n = 132) of participants met PP criteria. Microbiota analyses were completed for 156 ITT and 109 PP participants, respectively. ITT time by treatment analyses indicated that compared to control, avocado consumption increased acetate (P < 0.01) and total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA; P = 0.02) concentrations and increased the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium (P = 0.01). PP time by treatment analyses revealed that avocado consumption increased acetate concentrations (P < 0.01), increased the relative abundances of Lachnospira (P = 0.04), and trended to increase Faecalibacterium (P = 0.08). Conclusions Fresh Hass avocado intake increased the relative abundances of microbes capable of fiber fermentation and SCFA production among adults with overweight or obesity, providing valuable evidence for the impact of this nutrient dense food on the GI microbiota. Funding Sources Support for this research was provided by the Hass Avocado Board and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1009249.

Investigating the Impact of Cognitive Training for Individuals With Bothersome Tinnitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982199474
Author(s):  
Maggie Xing ◽  
Dorina Kallogjeri ◽  
Jay F. Piccirillo
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Index ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Impact

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive training in improving tinnitus bother and to identify predictors of patient response. Study Design Prospective open-label randomized controlled trial. Setting Online. Methods Participants were adults with subjective idiopathic nonpulsatile tinnitus causing significant tinnitus-related distress. The intervention group trained by using auditory-intensive exercises for 20 minutes per day, 5 days per week, for 8 weeks. The active control group trained on the same schedule with non–auditory intensive games. Surveys were completed at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Results A total of 64 participants completed the study. The median age was 63 years (range, 25-69) in the intervention group and 61 years (34-68) in the control group. Mixed model analysis revealed that within-subject change in Tinnitus Functional Index in the intervention group was not different than the control group, with marginal mean differences (95% CI): 0.24 (–11.20 to 10.7) and 2.17 (–8.50 to 12.83) at 8 weeks and 2.33 (–8.6 to 13.3) and 3.36 (–7.91 to 14.6) at 12 weeks, respectively. When the 2 study groups were compared, the control group had higher Tinnitus Functional Index scores than the intervention group by 10.5 points at baseline (95% CI, –0.92 to 29.89), 8.1 at 8 weeks (95% CI, –3.27 to 19.42), and 9.4 at 12 weeks (95% CI, –2.45 to 21.34). Conclusion Auditory-intensive cognitive training was not associated with changes in self-reported tinnitus bother. Given the potential for neuroplasticity to affect tinnitus, we believe that future studies on cognitive training for tinnitus remain relevant.

scholarly journals An internet-based self-help intervention for people with psychological distress due to COVID-19: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Anja Brog ◽  
Julia Katharina Hegy ◽  
Thomas Berger ◽  
Hansjörg Znoj
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Self ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic status and is affecting countries all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic is accompanied by various stressors that require adjustment in everyday life and possibly changes in personal future prospects. While some individuals cope well with these challenges, some develop psychological distress including depressive symptoms, anxiety, or stress. Internet-based self-help interventions have proven to be effective in the treatment of various mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Based on that, we developed an internet-based self-help program for individuals with psychological distress due to the situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. The 3-week self-help program consists of 6 modules comprising texts, videos, figures, and exercises. Participants can request guidance within the self-help program (guidance on demand). The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of the self-help program compared to a waiting control condition. Methods The design is a parallel group randomized controlled trial. Participants are allocated to a 3-week self-help intervention plus care as usual or a 3-week waiting period with only care as usual. There are follow-ups after 6 weeks and 18 weeks. At least 80 participants with COVID-19 pandemic related psychological distress will be recruited. Primary outcome are depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes include anxiety and chronic stress, suicidal experiences and behavior, health-related quality of life, generalized optimism and pessimism, embitterment, optimistic self-beliefs, emotion regulation skills, loneliness, resilience, and the satisfaction with and usability of the self-help program. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first studies investigating the efficacy of an internet-based self-help program for psychological distress due to the situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the results of this study may give further insight into the use of internet-based self-help programs in pandemic-related psychological distress. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04380909. Retrospectively registered on 8 May 2020.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document