scholarly journals An Investigation of Vocal Tract Characteristics for Acoustic Discrimination of Pathological Voices

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Won Lee ◽  
Hong-Goo Kang ◽  
Jeung-Yoon Choi ◽  
Young-Ik Son
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Acoustic Discrimination ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

This paper investigates the effectiveness of measures related to vocal tract characteristics in classifying normal and pathological speech. Unlike conventional approaches that mainly focus on features related to the vocal source, vocal tract characteristics are examined to determine if interaction effects between vocal folds and the vocal tract can be used to detect pathological speech. Especially, this paper examines features related to formant frequencies to see if vocal tract characteristics are affected by the nature of the vocal fold-related pathology. To test this hypothesis, stationary fragments of vowel /aa/ produced by 223 normal subjects, 472 vocal fold polyp subjects, and 195 unilateral vocal cord paralysis subjects are analyzed. Based on the acoustic-articulatory relationships, phonation for pathological subjects is found to be associated with measures correlated with a raised tongue body or an advanced tongue root. Vocal tract-related features are also found to be statistically significant from the Kruskal-Wallis test in distinguishing normal and pathological speech. Classification results demonstrate that combining the formant measurements with vocal fold-related features results in improved performance in differentiating vocal pathologies including vocal polyps and unilateral vocal cord paralysis, which suggests that measures related to vocal tract characteristics may provide additional information in diagnosing vocal disorders.

Precise Vocal Cord Medialization Using an Adjustable Laryngeal Implant: A Preliminary Study

1993 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Desrosiers ◽  
Christian Ahmarani ◽  
Maurice Bettez
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Vocal Function ◽  
Medialization Thyroplasty ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Vocal Quality ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

Treatment of symptomatic unilateral vocal cord paralysis is most frequently surgical. Medialization of the vocal cord using Teflon injection has proved effective; however, studies have shown this technique to produce stiffness of the vocal fold with loss of the “mucosal wave” and concomitantly poor vocal function. As well, overcorrection may occur and is not reversible. Isshiki type 1 medialization thyroplasty has been shown to produce a substantial improvement In vocal quality, as well as preserve the mucosal wave. A number of problems encountered during the performance of isshiki type 1 thyroplasty has led us to modify the original technique. We have developed a new implant that allows for precise, easily adjustable control of vocal cord medialization. To evaluate the degree of vocal cord medialization afforded by this implant, larynges of fresh male and female cadavers were used as an experimental model. In both larynges, vocal cord medialization was shown to occur in a predictable fashion for the anterior, middle, and posterior segments, as well as In the functionally Important inter-arytenoid region. We believe the use of this implant in medialization thyroplasty will allow precise, atraumatic medialization of the paralyzed vocal cord. This greater control over positioning and ease of adjustment should contribute to enhanced vocal quality.

Vocal Cord Paralysis in Small Children: Principles in Management

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 618-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey M. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Logical Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

Vocal cord paralysis in children is an uncommon but often disabling problem. It may be congenital or acquired either in the immediate period surrounding birth or as a postpartum event. Because even unilateral vocal cord paralysis can result in severe respiratory distress in the newborn and in small children, recognition of this problem can be critical. A logical approach to diagnosis and management requires not only that the physician be alert to the problem but also that several procedures be established that can be used together or singly to address the problem, as is most appropriate to the individual case. The usefulness of intubation, tracheotomy, surgical lateralization of the vocal folds, and reinnervation in the management of these problems is discussed, and 30 cases of vocal cord paralysis in children under the age of 5 years are presented.

S185 – Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis: The Miami Experience

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P138-P138
Author(s):  
Matthew Whitley ◽  
Roy R Casiano ◽  
Donna Lundy
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
The University ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

Objectives 1) Understand the changing etiologies of unilateral vocal cord paralysis. 2) Learn the frequency of return of vocal cord function after paralysis. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 280 patients treated in the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of Miami for the diagnosis of unilateral vocal cord paralysis from 1999 to 2007. Medical records were reviewed in order to ascertain the etiology of the paralysis and determine on follow-up if there was recovery of function. Results The majority of cases (46%) were of surgical origin, with the leading surgical injury being thyroid surgery. Despite a thorough workup, 28% of cases remained idiopathic in origin. 21 patients (7%) had recovery of vocal fold function, the majority of which had a surgical etiology. Conclusions The most common cause of unilateral vocal cord paralysis, in our experience, is surgery, with thyroid surgery being the leading cause. A large majority of these cases remain idiopathic in nature. A small subset of patients regain function of the paralyzed vocal cord.

Unilateral vocal cord paralysis following endotracheal intubation

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. LaursenM.D ◽  
K. M. Larsen ◽  
J. Mølgaard ◽  
V. Kolze
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

Neonatal Vocal Cord Paralysis Following Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Schumacher ◽  
Irvin J. Weinfeld ◽  
Robert H. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Vocal Cord Palsy ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

Five cases of unilateral vocal cord paralysis/ paresis were diagnosed following extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for newborn respiratory failure. All were right sided and transient in nature. None of the five patients had other findings commonly associated with vocal cord palsy. The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation procedure requires surgical dissection in the carotid sheath on the right side of the neck, an area immediately adjacent to both the vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerve. It is speculated that vocal cord paralysis in these infants was acquired as a result of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation. Although the vocal cord paralysis resolved in all cases, two patients had difficult courses after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Therefore, laryngoscopic examination should be considered for patients after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

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