scholarly journals Peroxidase(s) in Environment Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Bansal ◽  
Shamsher S. Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Radical Mechanism ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Free Radical Mechanism ◽  
Halogenated Phenols ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Industrial discharges of untreated effluents into water bodies and emissions into air have deteriorated the quality of water and air, respectively. The huge amount of pollutants derived from industrial activities represents a threat for the environment and ecologic equilibrium. Phenols and halogenated phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDC), pesticides, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), industrial dyes, and other xenobiotics are among the most important pollutants. Peroxidases are enzymes that are able to transform a variety of compounds following a free radical mechanism, thereby yielding oxidized or polymerized products. The peroxidase transformation of these pollutants is accompanied by a reduction in their toxicity, due to loss of biological activity, reduction in the bioavailability, or the removal from aqueous phase, especially when the pollutant is found in water. The review describes the sources of peroxidases, the reactions catalyzed by them, and their applications in the management of pollutants in the environment.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil profiles (0–100 cm) from the industrial district of a large open-pit coal mine, China

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (45) ◽  
pp. 28029-28037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Liu ◽  
Zhongke Bai ◽  
Qinfei Yu ◽  
Yingui Cao ◽  
Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Industrial District ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
P Mining

Mining and industrial activities are the primary sources of soil pollution in the open-pit coal mine.

scholarly journals Effects of Neutralization, Decoloration, and Deodorization on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during Laboratory-Scale Oil Refining Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiang Ma ◽  
Longkai Shi ◽  
Yulan Liu ◽  
Qiyu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Deodorized Oils

The influence of technological operations during oil refining process on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in neutralized, bleached, and deodorized oils was investigated on the basis of laboratory-scale study. Under the best experimental conditions, benzo[a]pyrene decreased by 85.1%, 99.7%, and 40.8% in neutralized, bleached, and deodorized oils, respectively. Total of 16 analytes decreased by 55.7%, 87.5%, and 47.7%, respectively. Bleaching with activated charcoal was the most efficient procedure to reduce PAHs in crude oil. Neutralization had a modest influence on sixteen analytes; however, deodorization was only responsible for a slight decrease in the light PAHs and heavy PAHs contents. Data obtained in this study suggest that the use of activated carbon during oil refining process is highly recommended; moreover, these results provide a useful guidance for oil refining plant to reduce security risk and ensure the quality of the vegetable oil products.

scholarly journals Copaiba oleoresin: evaluation of the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Gomes da Silva ◽  
Nicoletta Cortesi ◽  
Paola Fusari
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Traditional Remedy ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
Petroleum Derivatives ◽  
Industry Sectors

The copaiba oleoresin extracted by perforating the tree-trunk found in the Amazonian forest has been used by the native indigenous communities to treat several diseases and also as fuel for lighting and for the motorboats plying the region's rivers. Currently, the oleoresin is mostly employed as a traditional remedy, mainly for the treatment of tonsillitis and as an anti-inflammatory and healing agent in oil and capsule forms, and is also used in several industry sectors. Due to its use in oral form, especially as a traditional remedy, an analysis of the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as contaminants in the oleoresin was performed. PAHs are substances formed by two or more benzoic rings and found in the atmosphere as a residue from incomplete combustion of petroleum derivatives and industrial activities. These substances are found everywhere on land and water, and as a consequence can also be found in vegetables and foodstuffs in general. The use of products contaminated with these substances can compromise human and animal life. This study was performed on oleoresin from different areas or regions in the Amazon, using the HPLC methodology with fluorescence detection. The samples analyzed revealed different concentrations of these compounds.

scholarly journals The Environmental Assessment of an Estuarine Transitional Environment, Southern Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Michele Arienzo ◽  
Francesco Bolinesi ◽  
Giuseppe Aiello ◽  
Diana Barra ◽  
Carlo Donadio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Transitional Environment ◽  
Anthropic Influence ◽  
Sandy Sediments

A multidisciplinary survey was carried out on the quality of water and sediments of the estuary of the Sele river, an important tributary of the Tyrrhenian Sea, to assess anthropogenic pressures and natural variability. Nine sediment sites were monitored and analyzed for granulometry, morphoscopy, benthic foraminifera and ostracod assemblages, heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Surface water was assayed for ionic composition and phytoplankton biomass. Total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in sediments were higher in the inner part of the estuary (IE), up to 12.7 and 0.7% because of anthropic influence. In waters, N-NH4, N-NO3, and Ptot. were high, with loads of Ptot in IE exceeding ~fourfold the limit. Here, it was also observed that the highest primary production was Chl-a, 95.70 µg/L, with cryptophytes, 37.6%, and diatoms, 33.8%, being the main phytoplanktonic groups. The hierarchical analysis split the estuary into two areas, with marked differences in anthropic pollution. Waters were classified as poor–bad level with respect to the content of nutrients. Sedimentological assay reveals littoral erosion and poor supply of river sandy sediments. The erosion environment is confirmed by the presence of meiobenthic recent marine forms intrusion inside the river. All these data reveal the fragility of the estuary and the need of urgent remediation actions.

Seasonal Trend And Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated With Fine Particulate Matters (PM2.5 ) In Isfahan City, Iran Using Diagnostic Ratio and PMF Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Soleimani ◽  
Zohreh Ebrahimi ◽  
Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽  
Hossein Moradi ◽  
Nasibeh Amini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Pmf Model ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract Particulate matters (PMs) and their associated chemical compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important factors to evaluate air pollution and its health impacts particularly in developing countries. Source identification of these compounds can be used for air quality management. The aim of this study was to identify the sources of PM2.5-bound PAHs in Isfahan city, a metropolitan and industrialized area in central Iran. The PM2.5 samples were collected at 50 sites during one year. Source identification and apportionment of PAHs were carried out using diagnostic ratios (DRs) of PAHs and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 ranged from 8 to 291 µg/m3 with an average of 60.2 ± 53.9 µg/m3 whereas the sum of concentrations of the 19 PAH compounds (ƩPAHs) ranged from 0.3 to 61.4 ng/m3 with an average of 4.65 ± 8.54 ng/m3. The PAH compounds showed their highest and lowest concentrations in fall and summer, respectively. Applying DRs, suggested that the source of the PAHs were mainly from fuel combustion. The main sources identified by the PMF model were gasoline combustion (28 %) followed by diesel combustion (22 %), natural gas combustion (17 %), evaporative-uncombusted (13 %), industrial activities (11 %), and unknown sources (9 %). The results revealed that in addition to transportation and industrial activities, combustion of natural gas for heating systems as one of the PAHs source in PM2.5 should be managed in the metropolitan area.

scholarly journals Temperature effects on anharmonic infrared spectra of large compact polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

2019 ◽  
Vol 622 ◽  
pp. A152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Semiempirical Method ◽  
Ab Initio Method ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Vibrational Bands ◽  
Hydrocarbon Molecules ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Aims. Large compact polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules (PAHs) present special interest in the astrochemical community. A key issue in analyses of large PAHs is understanding the effect that temperature and anharmonicity have on different vibrational bands, and thus interpreting the infrared (IR) spectra for molecules under various conditions. Methods. Because of the huge amount of interactions/resonances in large PAHs, no anharmonic IR spectrum can be produced with static/time-independent ab initio method, especially for the molecules with D6h symmetry, e.g., coronene and circumcoronene. In this work, we performed molecular dynamics simulations to generate anharmonic IR spectra of coronene and circumcoronene. Results. The method is validated for small PAHs, i.e., naphthalene and pyrene. We find that the semiempirical method PM3 produces accurate band positions with an error <5 cm−1. Furthermore, we calculate the spectra at multiple temperatures and find a clear trend toward band shifting and broadening.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document