scholarly journals Effects of Unburned Lime on Soil pH and Base Cations in Acidic Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanase Nduwumuremyi ◽  
Vicky Ruganzu ◽  
Jayne Njeri Mugwe ◽  
Athanase Cyamweshi Rusanganwa
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Materials Used

Sustainable agriculture is threatened by the widespread soil acidity in many arable lands of Rwanda. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of unburned limes and their effects on soil acidity and base cations in acidic soils of high land of Buberuka. The lime materials used were agricultural burned lime and three unburned lime materials, Karongi, Musanze, and Rusizi. The test crop was Irish Potato. All lime materials were analyzed for Calcium Carbonate Equivalent (CCE) and Fineness. A field trial in Randomized Complete Block Design was established in 2011 at Rwerere research station. The treatments comprised of the four lime materials applied at four levels: 0, 1.4, 2.8, and 4.3 t ha−1 of CCE. Soil cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+) were determined by extraction method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer for Ca and Mg and flame photometer for K and Na. The Al3+ was determined using potassium chloride extraction method. Experimental soil baseline showed that the soil was very strongly acidic (2.8 cmol kg−1 Al3+). The unburned limes were significantly (P<0.001) different in terms of CCE and fineness. A higher CCE was recorded in agricultural burned and Rusizi unburned limes (86.36% and 85.46%, resp.). In terms of fineness, agricultural burned and Musanze unburned lime were higher (70.57 and 63.03%, resp.). Soil acidity significantly affected from 4.8 to 5.6 pH and exchangeable Al reduced from 2.8 cmol kg−1 to 0.16 cmol kg−1 of Al3+. Similarly all cations affected by unburned limes application, significantly (P<0.001) Ca saturation increased from 27.44 to 71.81%, Mg saturation from 11.18 to 36.87% and significantly (P<0.001) Al saturation reduced from 58.45 to 3.89%. The increase of Mg saturation was observed only with Karongi unburned lime application. This study recommends therefore, the use of 2.8 t ha−1 of CaCO3 of Rusizi or Musanze unburned lime as alternative to the agricultural burned lime for improving soil acidity and base cations in acidic soils.

scholarly journals Physical Bean Quality of Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica) Cultivated at High and Medium Altitude

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
Dwi Nugroho ◽  
Panjisakti Basunanda ◽  
Suryadi Mw
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
Cup Quality

Reducing productivity, outbreak of insects and diseases, and decreasingin physical and cup quality are major problems for Arabica coffee cultivation inmedium altitude. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of altitude onphysical quality in eight genotypes of Arabica coffee. This research was conductedat two locations i.e. Andungsari Research Station-Bondowoso (1250 m asl. ashigh altitude) and Kalibendo Estate-Banyuwangi (700 m asl. as medium altitude).Randomized complete block design was used with three replications. Collecteddata consisted of outturn, weight of 100 beans, shape bean normality, apparentswelling, bulk density before and after roasting. Combined analysis on the physicalquality traits of green bean showed genotype x altitude interactions on weight of100 beans, percentage of normal beans and percentage of empty bean. Altitudesignificantly influenced coffee outturn. Decreasing in altitude from 1.250 m asl.to 700 m asl. caused declining in the outturn as much 32.9%. BP 700A, K 29, K34, K 79, and K 99 were genotypes that stable to produce normal bean and emptybeans at high and medium altidute, while K 8, K 130, and SIG were genotypeswith high normal beans at high altitude but not stable. Genotype x altitude interactiondid not occur for physical quality of other variables of outturn, bulk densitybefore and after roasting, apparent swelling, percentage of round beans,percentage of elephant beans, and percentage of triage beans. Altitude showedsignificant effect on all of physical quality of bean variables.

scholarly journals EFFECT ORGANIC NUTRIENT HUMIC AND COMPOUND CHEMICAL FERTILIZER IN LEAVES CONTENT FROM ELEMENTS AND TOTAL YIELD CUCUMBER

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL-AZZAWI & AL-IBADI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Total Production ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels

This experiment was carried out at the Scientific Research Station of the College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad (Al-Jadiriyah), Spring and Autumn seasons 2015, using to Cucumber hybrid Gazeer, to study effect of adding organic material the vegetative growth of Cucumber. The experiment was conducted as factorial experiment (4x3) with in randomized complete Block design, with three replicates, First factor includes four levels of chemical fertilizer (0, 100%, 50% and 25%) of the recommended doses of fertilizers, The second factor was three levels of organic nutrient humic (0, 5kg ha-1 and 10kg ha-1). The results showed superiority of the treatment of  interaction C1H2 (NPK 100%+10 kg.ha-1 nutrient organic) in leaves content (2.63 and 2.70)%, Phosphorus (0.49 and 0.53)%, Potassium (3.69 and 3.50)%, Magnesium (0.81 and 0.77)%, Iron (192.84 and 187.71) mg kg-1 and Zinc (51.97 and 52.67) mg kg-1, also the same treatment was superiority in total production (42.51 and 30.50) tons for two seasons, spring and autumn respectively.

scholarly journals SERAPAN HARA, PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SAWI PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.) YANG DIBUDIDAYAKAN SECARA ORGANIK DENGAN APLIKASI VERMIKOMPOS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nisma Ula Shoumi Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Materials Used

The quality of vermicompost is determined by the kinds of media materials used, the degree ofmaturity, the worm species used and the manufacturing process. In this study using plantpakkoy pakkoy (Brassica rapa L.). The purpose of this study was to determine the optimumdose of three kinds of vermicompost for N, P and K nutrient uptake and growth response andyield of mustard pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). The research was conducted at Agricultural Land inLandungsari Village, Dau District of Malang Regency with height ± 544 m asl. This research is afield experiment using factorial randomized block design (RAK) with control. Factor 1: VariousVermicompost Materials Factor 2: Application Dose. The resulting data were analyzed variance(ANOVA) with 5% BNJ and 5% Dunnet. Regression analysis was performed to find the optimumdose of vermicompost. The results showed that the growth and production of mustard plantpakcoy using vermicompost showed higher yield compared to control. In the treatment of V2D2(coconut husk + cow dung + leaf litter + rice straw + leftover vegetables with dose of 10 ton ha-1).

scholarly journals Rising levels of soil acidity in Meghalaya: Evidences and Imperatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
MANOJ KUMAR ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Eigen Values ◽  
Garo Hills

In order to examine the current status of soil acidity in Meghalaya, representative soil samples (n= 497) were collected (during 2015-2016) from across the state and analyzed for soil acidity and associated parameters. Averaged across the samples, pH of the soils was found to be very strongly acidic (4.94). Nearly 20 % of the soils had pH below 4.50, 59% below pH 5.0 and 80% below pH 5.50. Only 3.4% of the samples recorded pH more than 6.0. East Khasi Hills District had the maximum percentage (95.1%) of strongly acidic soils (pH ≤ 5.50) while Garo Hills had the least (50.2%). All other districts recorded more than 85% of the strongly acidic soils. Average exchangeable acidity, exchangeable Al and effective CEC were found to be 1.60, 1.27 and 3.86 meq/100g soil, respectively. Mean base saturation was recorded below 60%. Aluminium saturation (percentage of effective CEC being occupied by exch. Al) ranged from 1.5 to 79.7% with its mean value being as high as 33%. Principal component analysis provided three PCs with Eigen values >1 and together they explained 83.2 % of the variance in total dataset. The soil acidity in Meghalaya is on rise, with 80.2% of its soils being strongly acidic (pH ≤ 5.50) in contrast to the previous reports of 53% soils being strongly acidic. This calls for widespread adoption of soil acidity ameliorative measures in agriculture of Meghalaya, Northeast India.

Effect of foaming agent, foam stabilizer and whipping time on drying process of tomato paste under different drying equipment

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 1740004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesoji Matthew Olaniyan ◽  
John Adeyemi Adeoti ◽  
Musiliu Olusola Sunmonu
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Foam Stabilizer ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Tomato Powder

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effect of foaming agent (egg white (EW)), foam stabilizer (carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC)) and whipping time on drying rate and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentus) paste dried under air oven, microwave oven and mechanical dryer. A 43 factorial experiment in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to study the effect of four levels each of foaming agent (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%EW), foam stabilizer (0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60%CMC) and whipping time (3, 5, 7 and 9[Formula: see text]min) on the drying rate and the quality of foam-mat dried tomato powder in the three drying equipment. Each trial was performed in triplicates making a total number of 576 samples that were individually tested and measured. 25[Formula: see text]g sample of the paste was dried to a moisture content of 7.60% (wb) for 8[Formula: see text]h in mechanical dryer and oven dryer at temperatures of 55[Formula: see text]C and 50[Formula: see text]C, respectively, and 10[Formula: see text]min in microwave oven at 540[Formula: see text]W. Data obtained from the experiments were statistically analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) while the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test was used to compare the means. Results showed that the drying rate increased with increase in foaming agent, foam stabilizer and whipping with minimum values of 9.21[Formula: see text]g/h obtained in mechanical dryer, 9.31[Formula: see text]g/h in air oven and 8.05[Formula: see text]g/h in microwave oven. Increase in foaming agent, foam stabilizer and whipping time did not cause any adverse effect on vitamin C, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber contents of the samples. Samples reached a stable moisture content of 7.60% (wb) in less than 8[Formula: see text]h in mechanical dryer and air and less than 10[Formula: see text]min in microwave oven. The results of the study showed that EW, CMC and whipping time influenced the drying rate and quality of foam-mat dried tomato powder.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PREPARASI DAN BLANCHING TERHADAP MUTU REBUNG IKAN TERFERMENTASI (LEMEA) [The Effect of Preparation and Blanching to Quality of Fermented Bamboo Shoots and Fish (Lemea)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sapta Zuidar ◽  
Samsul Rizal ◽  
Jessica Puteri Octavia Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Bamboo Shoots ◽  
Four Levels

Quality is one of the important factors in producing lemea - a fermented bamboo shoots and fish. Objectives of this research were to find out effects of preparation and their interaction to produce the best quality of lamea. This research used randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was preparations (P) consisting of four levels, namely preparation by smoothing and stirring (P1), preparation by cutting and stirring (P2), preparation by smoothing and coating (P3), and preparation by cutting and coating (P4). The second factor was blanching (B) consisting of two levels, namely without blanching (B0) and blanching (B1). In order to determine its quality, lemea was observed for its content of lactic acid bacteria, total volatile nitrogen, moisture content, and protein content as well as its sensory characteristics (color, aroma, texture, and overall acceptability scores). Collected data were analysed for its variances and the results showed that preparation and blanching treatments significantly affected lemea’s total volatile nitrogen and sensory characteristics.  The best lemea quality was obtained from combination treatment of blanching with chopped and stirred preparation (B1P2). The lemea had lactic acid bacteria of 10.1160 log cfu/g, total volatile nitrogen of 43.14 mg/100g, moisture content of 87.99% (b/v), color score of 4.34 (yellowish white), aroma score of 3.78 (rot), texture score of 4.53 (soft) and overall acceptance score of 3.90 (likes).

scholarly journals Toleransi Berbagai Varietas Tebu terhadap Penggenangan pada Fase Bibit Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi dan Anatomi

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sholeh Avivi ◽  
Anang Syamsunihar ◽  
Sigit Soeparjono ◽  
Dan Muhammad Chozin
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Waterlogging Treatment

<p><em></em><em>Identification of Indonesia sugarcane varieties tolerant to waterlogging has not been done extensively. Information on varieties tolerant to waterlogging is required for seedling establishment in waterlogged areas. The purpose of this research was to identify the sugarcane varieties responses to several duration levels of waterlogging at seedling stage. The planting materials used were collection of Sugar Factory Semboro including VMC 76-16, BL, PS 862, PS 864, and PS 881. This research was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was 5 varieties; the second factor was waterlogging treatment with four levels, i.e. without waterlogging, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of waterlogging in the bucket. The results showed different level of tolerance to water logging among the varities. PS 881 and VMC 76-16 varieties were the most tolerant to waterlogging supported by its ability to maintain plant height, root volume, root and shoot dry weight after been waterlogged for 6 weeks. These varieties were also able to establish aerenchyme tissue and increased the stomatal density. PS 862 was the least tolerant variety to waterlogging. <br /><br />Keywords: aerenchyme, morphology, stomatal density, waterlogging, water stress</em></p>

scholarly journals Growth, Yield and Oil quality of Mustard in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Intercropping System under Different Row Ratio in Northern Transition Zone of Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramarao Ramarao ◽  
H. T. Chandranath ◽  
H. B. Babalad ◽  
Yashoda Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2017 at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, to study different row ratio of chickpea and mustard on growth, yield and quality of mustard. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with two sole crops of chickpea and mustard including eight different row ratio of chickpea + mustard (2:1, 3:1,3:3, 4:2, 4:4, 5:1, 6:2 and 8:2). Results indicates that, sole mustard recorded higher growth parameters viz. plant height, leaf area, number of branches primary and secondary per plant, dry matter and higher seed, straw yield and harvest index. Among intercropping, higher growth attributes were found in 5:1 row ratio. Significantly higher seed (1128 kg ha-1), straw yield (2294 kg ha-1) and harvest index (27.62 %) was found in 4:4 ratio, followed by 3:3 row ratio. Higher oil content (35.16 %) and oil yield (606 kg ha-1) was recorded in sole mustard.

scholarly journals Improving Carrot Yield and Quality through the Use of Bio-slurry Manure

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Jeptoo ◽  
Joseph N Aguyoh ◽  
Mwanarusi Saidi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
And Performance

<p>Continuous cultivation of farms has led to decline in soil fertility due to constant removal of nutrients leading to reduction of carrot (Daucus carota L.)<strong> </strong>yields. A field study was carried out at Egerton University, Horticulture Research and Teaching field in two seasons (October 2010 to January 2011 and February to May 2011) with the aim of investigating the effects of decomposed cattle bio-slurry manure on carrot growth and performance. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Treatments comprised four levels (0, 2.6, 5.2 and 7.8 t/ha) of decomposed bio-slurry manure. Growth, yield and quality parameters were recorded and used to discern the treatment effects. Application of bio-slurry manure generally improved growth, yield and quality of carrots. Application of 7.8 t/ha of bio-slurry increased yields by 8.8% in season 1 and 23.5% in season 2 compared to the control. Leaf numbers, plant height, dry weights of shoot and roots and root volume were also generally higher for the 7.8 t/ha treatment compared to other treatments. Total Soluble Solids of roots from plant treated with 7.8 t/ha were higher by 12.7% in season 1 and 13.2% in season 2 compared to the control. The study recommends 7.8 t/ha of bio-slurry manure for enhanced yield and quality of carrot.</p>

scholarly journals Effets du travail du sol et de la fertilisation organo-minérale sur les rendements du mil en zone soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-510
Author(s):  
Siébou Pale ◽  
Albert Barro ◽  
Mahamoudou Koumbem ◽  
Aïda Sere ◽  
Hamidou Traore
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Sahelian Zone

Le mil est la deuxième importante céréale cultivée au Burkina Faso après le sorgho. Ces dernières années, les rendements sont en baisse du fait de la pauvreté des sols et des aléas climatiques. Cette étude réalisée en 2018 et 2019 à la Station de Recherches de Saria avait pour objectif d’identifier des technologies de gestion de l’eau et de la fertilisation qui optimisent les rendements du mil. Le dispositif expérimental était un bloc complétement randomisé avec une disposition des traitements en split-plot et trois répétitions où les parcelles principales correspondaient à quatre niveaux de travail du sol et les parcelles secondaires à huit niveaux de fertilisation minérale avec ou sans compost. Les résultats ont montré que l’utilisation du compost plus les engrais minéraux ont permis des gains de 338 à 502 kg ha-1 pour le grain et de 657 à 947 kg ha-1 pour la paille. Le labour a engendré des gains de 266 à 635 kg ha-1 pour le grain et de 381 à 601 kg ha-1 pour la paille. Ces résultats permettent de recommander le labour avec une fertilisation organique et minérale pour optimiser les rendements du mil dans la zone soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso.Mots clés : Labour, zaï manuel, billonnage cloisonné, compost, Station de Recherches de Saria   Effects of tillage and organo-mineral fertilization on yields of pearl millet in the Soudano-sahelian zone of Burkina FasoABSTRACTPearl millet is the second important cereal crop cultivated in Burkina Faso after sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. In recent years, farmers failed to achieve good yields because of low productivity resulting from soil poverty and climatic risks. This study was carried out at Saria Research Station in 2018 and 2019 and aimed at finding the best combination of water management techniques and fertilizers to optimize pearl millet yields. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements of treatments and three replications. The main plot was tillage method with four levels and the sub-plot was fertilization with eight levels consisting of mineral fertilizers with or without compost. Results showed that the addition of compost to mineral fertilizers resulted in yield increases from 338 to 502 kg ha-1 for grain and 657 to 947 kg ha-1 for stover. The use of plough increased grain yield from 266 to 635 kg ha-1 and stover from 381 to 601 kg ha-1. These results indicate that the use of compost plus mineral fertilizers and plough that optimize pearl millet yields can be recommended for pearl millet production in the Sudano-sahelian zone of Burkina Faso.© 2021 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Plough, manual zaï, tied-ridging, compost, Saria Research Station.

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