scholarly journals PLAC1 Expression Decreases in Chorionic Villi in Response to Labor

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahdira M. Rodriguez-Prado ◽  
Xiaoyuan Kong ◽  
Michael E. Fant
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Microvillus Membrane ◽  
Peripartum Period

PLAC1 (Placenta-Specific 1) is a recently described, trophoblast-expressed gene essential for normal placental development. The protein localizes to the microvillus membrane surface of the syncytiotrophoblast in direct proximity to the maternal compartment. Although its role has not been defined, increased circulating levels of human PLAC1 mRNA in maternal blood are associated with preeclampsia. Furthermore, PLAC1-null mice exhibit decreased viability in the peripartum period suggesting a role in pregnancy maintenance late in gestation. We examined PLAC1 gene expression in the human placenta during normal pregnancy and pregnancies associated with maternal diabetes and preeclampsia using quantitative, real time PCR (q-RT-PCR). Although there was no apparent difference in PLAC1 gene expression among human pregnancies complicated by diabetes or preeclampsia, an unexpected effect of labor was noted at term. PLAC1 expression in placentae delivered vaginally following induced or spontaneous labor was significantly reduced compared to placentae not exposed to labor making it one of only a few placental genes influenced by labor. The significance of this finding is unknown. Viewed in the context of its importance in placental development, however, these findings are consistent with a role for PLAC1 in the maintenance of the maternal-fetal interface.

scholarly journals Temporal placental genome wide expression profiles reflect three phases of utero-placental blood flow during early to mid human gestation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Breen ◽  
Dale McAninch ◽  
Tanja Jankovic-Karasoulos ◽  
Dylan McCullough ◽  
Melanie D Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Extravillous Cytotrophoblasts ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Drive Gene ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDuring early human placental development, extravillous cytotrophoblasts (EVT) invade the uterine vasculature to sequester a maternal blood supply. The impact of this on placental gene expression has not been established for normal pregnancy. Using RNA sequencing, we profiled placental chorionic villous tissues from 96 pregnancies at 6-23 weeks of gestation. We identified 1,048 genes that were differentially expressed between 6-10 weeks’ and 11-23 weeks’ of gestation. These are predominantly genes that are enriched in transcription factor signalling, inflammatory response and cell adhesion. Using a co-expression network and gene set enrichment analyses, we reveal three distinct phases of gene expression coincident with phases of maternal blood flow to the placenta that impact immune function and are likely driven by oxygen tension, potentially in a sex-specific manner. These data represent a comprehensive transcriptional profile of early placental development and point to significant environmental, genetic and regulatory triggers that drive gene expression.

scholarly journals СONSECUTIVE INTEGRATION OF AVAILABLE MICROARRAY DATA FOR ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN PLACENTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
O. Lykhenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Differential Gene

The purpose of the study was to provide the pipeline for processing of publicly available unprocessed data on gene expression via integration and differential gene expression analysis. Data collection from open gene expression databases, normalization and integration into a single expression matrix in accordance with metadata and determination of differentially expressed genes were fulfilled. To demonstrate all stages of data processing and integrative analysis, there were used the data from gene expression in the human placenta from the first and second trimesters of normal pregnancy. The source code for the integrative analysis was written in the R programming language and publicly available as a repository on GitHub. Four clusters of functionally enriched differentially expressed genes were identified for the human placenta in the interval between the first and second trimester of pregnancy. Immune processes, developmental processes, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, signaling and the processes associated with zinc ions varied in the considered interval between the first and second trimester of placental development. The proposed sequence of actions for integrative analysis could be applied to any data obtained by microarray technology.

Comparison of gene expression at the feto–maternal interface between normal and recurrent pregnancy loss patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Hyun Baek ◽  
Bum Chae Choi ◽  
Jin-Hie Lee ◽  
Hee-Kyung Choi ◽  
Sook-Hwan Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
In Pregnancy

—Normal pregnancy requires a series of immunological, metabolic, vascular and endocrine regulating processes. However, the specific genes and proteins involved in these processes are not well defined. Aberration of these processes may lead to problems in pregnancy. One of these problems may be recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Little information is available on the level of expression of genes that may play a role in normal pregnancy. Therefore, this study determined whether different levels of gene expression at the feto-maternal interface could be associated with factors for RPL. The expression patterns of genes isolated from subtractive hybridization analysis performed with chorionic villi from normal and abnormal pregnancies were investigated. Eight genes classified into groups, including immunosuppression-related, embryo attachment-related and angiogenesis-related, were isolated.

scholarly journals X chromosome-dependent disruption of placental regulatory networks in hybrid dwarf hamsters

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D Brekke ◽  
Emily C Moore ◽  
Shane C Campbell-Staton ◽  
Colin M Callahan ◽  
Zachary A Cheviron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
First And Second Generation

AbstractEmbryonic development in mammals is highly sensitive to changes in gene expression within the placenta. The placenta is also highly enriched for genes showing parent-of-origin or imprinted expression, which is predicted to evolve rapidly in response to parental conflict. However, little is known about the evolution of placental gene expression, or if divergence of placental gene expression plays an important role in mammalian speciation. We used crosses between two species of dwarf hamsters (Phodopus sungorus and Phodopus campbelli) to examine the genetic and regulatory underpinnings of severe placental overgrowth in their hybrids. Using quantitative genetic mapping and mitochondrial substitution lines, we show that overgrowth of hybrid placentas was primarily caused by genetic differences on the maternally inherited P. sungorus X chromosome. Mitochondrial interactions did not contribute to abnormal hybrid placental development, and there was only weak correspondence between placental disruption and embryonic growth. Genome-wide analyses of placental transcriptomes from the parental species and first- and second-generation hybrids revealed a central group of co-expressed X-linked and autosomal genes that were highly enriched for maternally biased expression. Expression of this gene network was strongly correlated with placental size and showed widespread misexpression dependent on epistatic interactions with X-linked hybrid incompatibilities. Collectively, our results indicate that the X chromosome is likely to play a prominent role in the evolution of placental gene expression and the accumulation of hybrid developmental barriers between mammalian species.

224: Is there a correlation between chorionic villi morphology, gene expression and pregnancy outcomes?

2015 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. S125
Author(s):  
Shilpa Chetty ◽  
Roberta Hannibal ◽  
Margarida Cardoso Moreira ◽  
Julie Baker ◽  
Mary Norton
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Chorionic Villi

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Chorionic Gonadotropin Gene Expression in Human Placental Development

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMALIA C. KELLY ◽  
ANNA RODGERS ◽  
KE-WEN DONG ◽  
NESTOR X. BARREZUETA ◽  
MARIANN BLUM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Releasing Hormone

scholarly journals Maternal blood and amnionic oxytocin receptor gene expression and serum oxytocin levels in preterm birth: a case control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KUMARI ANUKRITI ◽  
KIRAN GULERIA ◽  
VIPIN TYAGI ◽  
AMITA SUNEJA ◽  
BASU DEV BANERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Gene Expression Studies

BACKGROUND: The oxytocin (OXT)-oxytocin receptor (OXTR) system provides promising candidate gene for studies of genetic contributions to prematurity. OBJECTIVE: Quantification and comparison of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene expression and serum OXT levels in the blood and amnion of women delivering preterm and evaluation of the correlation between OXTR gene expression in blood and amnion with serum OXT levels in them. METHODS: 70 pregnant women in spontaneous labor delivering vaginally preterm i.e < 37 weeks and equal number of matched controls delivering spontaneously at term (37-42 weeks) were recruited. Maternal serum OXT levels taken in active stage of labor (i.e 4 cm cervical dilatation) were quantified by ELISA. Gene expression studies in the maternal blood and amnion were done by using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS: The mean serum OXT level in PTL was 48.56 +- 6.97 pg/ml; significantly higher than in controls (43.00 +- 3.96 pg/ml), p<0.001. OXTR gene expression both in maternal blood (2.5 times) and amnion (3.5 times) were significantly higher in PTL. A significant positive correlation was observed between serum OXT levels and OXTR gene expression in amnion (r = -0.190, p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: The serum OXT levels and OXTR gene expression in amnion surge significantly in active phase of PTL. Thus, amnion probably links OXT-PTGs autocrine paracrine circuit to facilitate PTL. Future studies are needed to devise better OXTR receptor antagonists preferably acting on amnionic OXTRs to prevent PTL. KEYWORDS: Preterm birth, Preterm labor, Oxytocin, Oxytocin receptor, Placenta, Amnion

Inflammation, signaling, DNA repair and stress response gene expression during placental development

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Meller ◽  
D. Abetew ◽  
C. Qiu ◽  
S. Vadachkoria ◽  
D. Luthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Response Gene ◽  
Stress Response Gene

Cell-specific metallothionein gene expression in mouse decidua and placentae

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. De ◽  
M.T. McMaster ◽  
S.K. Dey ◽  
G.K. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Metallothionein Gene ◽  
Visceral Yolk Sac ◽  
Rna In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Low Levels

Oligodeoxyribonucleotide excess solution hybridization, Northern blot and in situ hybridization were used to analyze metallothionein gene expression in mouse decidua and placentae during gestation. Metallothionein (MT) -I and -II mRNA levels were constitutively elevated, 11- and 13-fold, respectively, relative to the adult liver, in the deciduum (D8), and decreased coordinately about 6-fold during the period of development when the deciduum is replaced by the developing placenta (D10-16). Coincident with this decline, levels of MT mRNA increased dramatically in the visceral yolk sac endoderm. In situ hybridization established that MT-I mRNA was present at low levels in the uterine luminal epithelium (D4), but was elevated at the site of embryo implantation exclusively in the primary decidual zone by D5, and then in the secondary decidual zone (D6-8). Although low levels of MT mRNA were detected in total placental RNA, in situ hybridization revealed constitutively high levels in the outer placental spongiotrophoblasts. Analysis of pulse-labeled proteins from decidua and placentae established that these tissues are active in the synthesis of MT. The constitutively high levels of MT mRNA in decidua were only slightly elevated following injection of cadmium (Cd) and/or zinc (Zn), whereas in placentae they increased several-fold. MT mRNA levels were equally high in decidua and experimentally induced deciduomata (D8) which establishes that decidual MT gene expression is not dependent on the presence of the embryo or some embryo-derived factor. Although the functional role of MT during development is speculative, these results establish the concept that, from the time of implantation to late in gestation, the mouse embryo is surrounded by cells, interposed between the maternal and embryonic environments, which actively express the MT genes. This suggests that MT plays an important role in the establishment and maintenance of normal pregnancy.

Caveolin-1 promotes trophoblast cell invasion through the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signalling pathway during early human placental development

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Dai ◽  
Fei Sheng ◽  
Ningxia Sun ◽  
Yixuan Ji ◽  
Qiuying Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Focal Adhesion Kinase ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Human Trophoblast ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Caveolin 1

Normal implantation and placental development depend on the appropriate differentiation and invasion of trophoblast cells. Inadequate trophoblast cell invasion results in pregnancy-related disorders, which endanger both mother and fetus; however, the mechanism of early placental development has not been fully explained. In this study we conducted gene expression profile analysis using mouse placental tissues at different developmental stages (embryonic day (E)7.5, E14.5 and E19.5) using series tests of cluster (STC) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signalling pathway-related gene expression levels were verified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The results showed that caveolin-1 (Cav1) was downregulated in the placenta of unexplained spontaneous abortion subjects compared with that of induced abortion. Furthermore, by modulating CAV1 expression levels, CAV1 was shown to promote human trophoblast cell proliferation, migration and invasion by activating the FAK signalling pathway. These results indicate that CAV1 and the FAK signalling pathway are crucial for early placental development, which sheds new light on our understanding of the mechanisms of human trophoblast cell invasion and early development of the placenta.

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