scholarly journals Mycobacterial Etiology of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Association with HIV Infection and Multidrug Resistance in Northern Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gambo Aliyu ◽  
Samer S. El-Kamary ◽  
Alash'le Abimiku ◽  
Nicholas Ezati ◽  
Iwakun Mosunmola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Mycobacterium Africanum

Objective. Data on pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complexin Nigeria are limited. We investigated species ofMTB complexin TB cases from northern Nigeria.Methods. New TB suspects were enrolled, screened for HIV and their sputum samples were cultured after routine microscopy. Genotypes MTBC and MTBDRpluswere used to characterize theMTB complexspecies and their resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin.Results. Of the 1,603 patients enrolled, 375 (23%) hadMTB complexinfection: 354 (94.4%) hadMycobacterium tuberculosis; 20 (5.3%) hadMycobacterium africanum; and one hadMycobacterium bovis(0.3%). Cases were more likely to be male (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI : 1.42–2.46;P≤0.001), young (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI : 1.56–2.65;P≤0.001) and have HIV (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI : 1.06–1.92;P=0.032). In 23 patients (6.1%), the mycobacterium was resistant to at least one drug, and these cases were more likely to have HIV and prior TB treatment (AOR = 3.62, 95% CI : 1.51–8.84;P=0.004; AOR : 4.43; 95% CI : 1.71–11.45P=0.002resp.), compared to cases without any resistance.Conclusion.Mycobacterium tuberculosisremained the predominant specie in TB in this setting followed byMycobacterium africanumwhileMycobacterium boviswas rare. The association of TB drug resistance with HIV has implications for TB treatment.

scholarly journals Genomic Variations in Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Collected from Patients with Different Localization of Infection

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Chernyaeva ◽  
Mikhail Rotkevich ◽  
Ksenia Krasheninnikova ◽  
Alla Lapidus ◽  
Dmitrii E. Polev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a highly studied pathogen due to public health importance. Despite this, problems like early drug resistance, diagnostics and treatment success prediction are still not fully resolved. Here, we analyze the incidence of point mutations widely used for drug resistance detection in laboratory practice and conduct comparative analysis of whole-genome sequence (WGS) for clinical M. tuberculosis strains collected from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (XPTB) localization. A total of 72 pulmonary and 73 extrapulmonary microbiologically characterized M. tuberculosis isolates were collected from patients from 2007 to 2014 in Russia. Genomic DNA was used for WGS and obtained data allowed identifying major mutations known to be associated with drug resistance to first-line and second-line antituberculous drugs. In some cases previously described mutations were not identified. Using genome-based phylogenetic analysis we identified M. tuberculosis substrains associated with distinctions in the occurrence in PTB vs. XPTB cases. Phylogenetic analyses did reveal M. tuberculosis genetic substrains associated with TB localization. XPTB was associated with Beijing sublineages Central Asia (Beijing CAO), Central Asia Clade A (Beijing A) and 4.8 groups, while PTB localization was associated with group LAM (4.3). Further, the XPTB strain in some cases showed elevated drug resistance patterns relative to PTB isolates. HIV was significantly associated with the development of XPTB in the Beijing B0/W148 group and among unclustered Beijing isolates.

scholarly journals Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance gene-1 polymorphisms in Northern Nigeria: implications for the continued use of artemether-lumefantrine in the region

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Auwal Adamu ◽  
Mahmoud Suleiman Jada ◽  
Hauwa Mohammed Sani Haruna ◽  
Bassa Obed Yakubu ◽  
Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Multidrug Resistance Gene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cycle Sequencing ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

Abstract Background The analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in drug-resistance associated genes is a commonly used strategy for the surveillance of anti-malarial drug resistance in populations of parasites. The present study was designed and performed to provide genetic epidemiological data of the prevalence of N86Y-Y184F-D1246Y SNPs in Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) in the malaria hotspot of Northern Nigeria. Methods Plasmodium falciparum-positive blood samples on Whatman-3MM filter papers were collected from 750 symptomatic patients from four states (Kano, Kaduna, Yobe and Adamawa) in Northern Nigeria, and genotyped via BigDye (v3.1) terminator cycle sequencing for the presence of three SNPs in pfmdr1. SNPs in pfmdr1 were used to construct NYD, NYY, NFY, NFD, YYY, YYD, YFD and YFY haplotypes, and all data were analysed using Pearson Chi square and Fisher’s exact (FE) tests. Results The prevalence of the pfmdr1 86Y allele was highest in Kaduna (12.50%, 2 = 10.50, P = 0.02), whilst the 184F allele was highest in Kano (73.10%, 2 = 13.20, P = 0.00), and the pfmdr1 1246Y allele was highest in Yobe (5.26%, 2 = 9.20, P = 0.03). The NFD haplotype had the highest prevalence of 69.81% in Kano (2 = 36.10, P = 0.00), followed by NYD with a prevalence of 49.00% in Adamawa, then YFD with prevalence of 11.46% in Kaduna. The YYY haplotype was not observed in any of the studied states. Conclusion The present study suggests that strains of P. falciparum with reduced sensitivity to the lumefantrine component of AL exist in Northern Nigeria and predominate in the North-West region.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document