scholarly journals Thyroid Hormones and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Papakostas ◽  
George A. Macheras
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Neuronal Soma ◽  
Insight Into

Peripheral nerve regeneration is a unique process in which cellular rather than tissue response is involved. Depending on the extent and proximity of the lesion and the age and type of the neuronal soma, the cell body may either initiate a reparative response or may die. Microsurgical intervention may alter the prognosis after a peripheral nerve injury but to a certain extent. By altering the biochemical microenvironment of the neuron, we can increase the proportion of neurons that survive the injury and initiate the reparative response. Thyroid hormone critically regulates tissue growth and differentiation and plays a crucial role during organ development. Furthermore, recent research has provided new insight into thyroid hormone cellular action. Thyroid hormone regulates stress response intracellular signaling and targets molecules important for cytoskeletal stability and cell integrity. Changes in thyroid hormone signaling occur in nerve and other tissues, with important physiological consequences. The interest in thyroid hormone in the context of nerve regeneration has recently been revived.

scholarly journals Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Muscle Reinnervation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Neuronal Soma ◽  
Original Target ◽  
Surgical Manipulations

Injured peripheral nerves but not central nerves have the capacity to regenerate and reinnervate their target organs. After the two most severe peripheral nerve injuries of six types, crush and transection injuries, nerve fibers distal to the injury site undergo Wallerian degeneration. The denervated Schwann cells (SCs) proliferate, elongate and line the endoneurial tubes to guide and support regenerating axons. The axons emerge from the stump of the viable nerve attached to the neuronal soma. The SCs downregulate myelin-associated genes and concurrently, upregulate growth-associated genes that include neurotrophic factors as do the injured neurons. However, the gene expression is transient and progressively fails to support axon regeneration within the SC-containing endoneurial tubes. Moreover, despite some preference of regenerating motor and sensory axons to “find” their appropriate pathways, the axons fail to enter their original endoneurial tubes and to reinnervate original target organs, obstacles to functional recovery that confront nerve surgeons. Several surgical manipulations in clinical use, including nerve and tendon transfers, the potential for brief low-frequency electrical stimulation proximal to nerve repair, and local FK506 application to accelerate axon outgrowth, are encouraging as is the continuing research to elucidate the molecular basis of nerve regeneration.

Modern approaches to peripheral nerve regeneration after injury: the prospects of gene and cell therapy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karagyaur ◽  
P. Makarevich ◽  
E. Shevchenko ◽  
D. Stambolsky ◽  
N. Kalinina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Gene And Cell Therapy

Oxidized Galectin-1 is an Essential Factor for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Horie ◽  
Toshihiko Kadoya ◽  
Kazunori Sango ◽  
Mitsuhiro Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Essential Factor

Lumbar Dorsal Root Transection in Adult Mice to Study Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyukmin Kim ◽  
Harun Noristani ◽  
Seung Han ◽  
Young-Jin Son
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Adult Mice
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