scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Enhancing Stone/Stent Contrasting and Stone Visualization in Urolithiasis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed H. Ibrahim ◽  
William E. Haley ◽  
Maria A. Jepperson ◽  
David D. Thiel ◽  
Michael J. Wehle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Residual Stone ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinically Significant

The use of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) for evaluating urinary calculi has been appreciated due to the modality’s capability of differentiating between uric acid (UA) and non-UA stones, which are color coded based on a postprocessing algorithm. No other imaging modality or laboratory test is able to identify the stone composition without first attaining the stone material. Knowledge of the stone composition is clinically significant since UA calculi may be treated medically whereas non-UA calculi may require surgical removal. Regardless of the stone type, ureteral stents are often placed to prevent or treat obstruction. Recent work has demonstrated that commonly used stents are also colored based on their dual energy characteristics and may thereby either improve or obscure the identification of adjacent calculi. Herein, we report the case of a 65-year-old man who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy of a large staghorn stone with subsequent significant residual stone fragments noted on a follow-up scan. By using three-dimensional DECT and taking advantage of color contrasting, the stone composition, burden, shape, and boundary were clearly depicted apart from the adjacent stent, resulting in successful medical treatment and obviating the need for further surgical intervention.

scholarly journals The Clinical Impact of Accurate Cystine Calculi Characterization Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
William E. Haley ◽  
El-Sayed H. Ibrahim ◽  
Mingliang Qu ◽  
Joseph G. Cernigliaro ◽  
David S. Goldfarb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Uric Acid Stones ◽  
Cystine Stones ◽  
Composition Standard

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has recently been suggested as the imaging modality of choice for kidney stones due to its ability to provide information on stone composition. Standard postprocessing of the dual-energy images accurately identifies uric acid stones, but not other types. Cystine stones can be identified from DECT images when analyzed with advanced postprocessing. This case report describes clinical implications of accurate diagnosis of cystine stones using DECT.

scholarly journals Characterization of Mixed Urinary Stone Compositions with Dual-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Vivo Compared to Infrared Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghu Meng ◽  
Xueying Sun ◽  
Rong Cong ◽  
Liang Qi ◽  
Zengjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Dual Source

Background: Most previous studies have demonstrated the possibility of using dual-source dual-energy computed tomography (DSDECT) to distinguish pure stones with high accuracy. While stones are usually composed of a mixture of substances, very few studies have focused on these stone compositions. Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of DSDECT in predicting the composition of mixed urinary calculi in vivo compared to the postoperative infrared spectroscopy (IRS) for stone analysis. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively included 111 patients with 117 mixed urinary stones, detected by IRS, who underwent DSDECT between June 2018 and March 2020. Patients diagnosed with urolithiasis were examined by DSDECT preoperatively. The final stone composition was detected by IRS in vitro postoperatively. Also, the stone composition predicted by DSDECT was compared to the IRS results, known as the reference standard. Results: According to the results of IRS, 117 mixed urinary calculi, composed of a main constituent and minor admixtures, were divided into four groups: calcium oxalate (CaOx)-hydroxyapatite (HA) (n = 70); HA-CaOx (n = 36); uric acid (UA)-CaOx (n = 8); and cystine (CYS)-HA (n = 3). The accuracy of DSDECT in predicting different components of mixed urinary stones was 68.4%, 64.1%, 97.4%, and 97.5% for the CaOx-HA, HA-CaOx, UA-CaOx, and CYS-HA stones, respectively. The imaging characteristics of different mixed urinary stones, as shown by DSDECT, revealed that the CaOx-HA ratio value was lower than that of HA-CaOx (1.59 ± 0.11 vs. 1.66 ± 0.22; P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the computed tomography (CT) values of CaOx-HA under 150 kV were higher than those of HA-CaOx (915.41 ± 226.84 vs .799.56 ± 252.01; P < 0.05). Conclusion: Although DSDECT has a relatively low accuracy for predicting the components of CaOx-HA and HA-CaOx in vivo, its combination with the measured ratio and CT values may help differentiate these stones.

scholarly journals Dual-Energy Computed Tomography untuk Menentukan Komposisi Batu Urin

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
Pramiadi Pramiadi ◽  
Bambang Purwanto Utomo ◽  
Nurhuda Hendra Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Pitfalls

Urolithiasis is a common disease with a reported prevalence between 4% and 20% in the worldwide. Determination of urinary calculi composition is a key factor in preoperative evaluation, treatment, and recurrence prevention. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is available methods for determining urinary stone composition were only available after stone extraction, and thereby unable to aid in optimized stone management prior to intervention. DECT utilizes the attenuation difference produced by two different x-ray energy spectra to quantify urinary calculi composition while still providing the information attained with a conventional CT. Knowledge of DECT imaging pitfalls and stone mimics is important, as the added benefit of dual-energy analysis is the determination of stone composition, which in turn affects all aspects of stone management. This article describes DECT principles, scanner types and acquisition protocols for the evaluation of urinary calculi as they relate to imaging pitfalls (inconsistent characterization of small stones, small DECT field of view, and mischaracterization from surrounding material) and stone mimics (drainage devices) that may adversely impact clinical decisions.

Determination of Renal Stone Composition in Phantom and Patients Using Single-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen M. Kulkarni ◽  
Brian H. Eisner ◽  
Daniella F. Pinho ◽  
Mukta C. Joshi ◽  
Avinash R. Kambadakone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography

Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Characterization of Urinary Calculi: Basic Principles, Applications and Concerns

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mansouri ◽  
Shima Aran ◽  
Ajay Singh ◽  
Avinash R. Kambadakone ◽  
Dushyant V. Sahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography
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