scholarly journals Acute Liver Failure Associated with Levetiracetam and Lacosamide Combination Treatment for Unspecified Epileptic Disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylse Gutiérrez-Grobe ◽  
Jose Antonio Bahena-Gonzalez ◽  
Magali Herrera-Gomar ◽  
Pedro Mendoza-Diaz ◽  
Sandra García-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Epileptic Disorder ◽  
Secondary Generalization

Background and Aim. Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug. It is approved as an adjunctive treatment of partial onset seizures with or without secondary generalization. It is considered safe with less than 1% of patients with transient elevations of liver enzymes.Methods. We report a case of acute liver failure secondary to Levetiracetam in combination with Lacosamide documented with a liver biopsy.Results. Liver biopsy demonstrated acute liver injury with a predominant submassive necrosis pattern and features of a drug-induced hepatitis.Conclusions. This is the first published case of acute liver failure due to antiepileptic therapy with Levetiracetam in combination with Lacosamide.

scholarly journals Correction: Cytokine profiles in acute liver injury—Results from the US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0212394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert L. Bonkovsky ◽  
Huiman X. Barnhart ◽  
David M. Foureau ◽  
Nury Steuerwald ◽  
William M. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Cytokine Profiles ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Cytokine profiles in acute liver injury—Results from the US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0206389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert L. Bonkovsky ◽  
Huiman X. Barnhart ◽  
David M. Foureau ◽  
Nury Steuerwald ◽  
William M. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Cytokine Profiles ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Potential Effects of Dietary Isoflavones on Drug-Induced Liver Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Liangliang Yao ◽  
Muhammad Farrukh Nisar ◽  
Tingdong Yan ◽  
Chunpeng (Craig) Wan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Farnesoid X Receptor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Stat3 Phosphorylation

Numerous prescribed drugs and herbal and dietary supplements have been reported to cause drug-induced acute liver injury, which is a frequent cause of acute liver failure (ALF). It is a tremendous challenge with ever-increasing drug application in the medication system for huge populations. Drug-induced acute liver injury can lead to diverse pathologies similar to acute and chronic hepatitis, acute liver failure, biliary obstruction, fatty liver disease, and so on. Recently, extensive work demonstrated that isoflavones play an essential and protecting role in drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The isoflavones mediated hepatoprotection by modulating specific genes linked with control of cellular redox homeostasis and inflammatory responses. Isoflavones upregulate oxidative stress-responsive nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2), downregulate inflammatory nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways, and modulate a balance between cell survival and death. Moreover, isoflavones actively inhibit the expression of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) enzyme during drug metabolism. Moreover, isoflavones are also linked with farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation and signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in hepatoprotection DILI. In vivo and in vitro studies clearly stated that isoflavones bear strong antioxidant potential and promising agents for hepatotoxicity prevention and stressed their potential role as therapeutic supplements in DILI. The current review will elaborate on isoflavones’ preventive and therapeutic potential concisely and highlight various molecular targets to exert a protective effect on DILI.

Use of N-Acetylcysteine for Clozapine-Induced Acute Liver Injury: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002110340
Author(s):  
Jenny Shah ◽  
Justin Muir ◽  
David Furfaro ◽  
Jeremy R. Beitler ◽  
Amy L. Dzierba
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychotic Features

Purpose: To report a case of clozapine-induced hepatotoxicity managed with intravenous (IV) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and summarize the available literature. Summary: A 46-year-old woman with history of bipolar disorder with psychotic features presented to the intensive care unit with asterixis and elevations in liver enzymes. The patient had been initiated on risperidone, clozapine, and lithium approximately 1 month prior to admission. After ruling out other possible non-drug etiologies, clozapine was suspected as the likeliest cause of the acute liver injury. Her acute liver injury was managed with the discontinuation of all antipsychotics, administration of IV NAC, and other standard of care supportive measures. Conclusion: Although clozapine has been associated with hepatitis and acute liver failure, there are no reports of NAC used in the management of clozapine-induced hepatotoxicity. NAC was used in our patient after considering the potential benefit and limited adverse effects. The role of NAC in non–acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure remains promising, but more research is warranted.

scholarly journals Tc-99m GSA scintigraphy within the first 3 days after admission as an early predictor of outcome in severe acute liver injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Suzuki ◽  
Keisuke Kakisaka ◽  
Takuro Sato ◽  
Ryouichi Mikami ◽  
Hiroaki Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Poor Outcome

AbstractPatients with severe acute liver injury (SLI) usually recover spontaneously. However, some SLI patients progress to acute liver failure with varying degrees of hepatic encephalopathy. Acute liver failure is associated with high mortality and can be substantially reduced by liver transplantation. Therefore, distinguishing SLI patients who might progress to acute liver failure and are at a risk of death is important when evaluating patients needing liver transplantation. The present study aimed to determine whether technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid galactosyl human serum albumin (Tc-99m GSA) scintigraphy can predict the prognosis of patients with SLI. This prospective observational study included 69 SLI patients. The accuracy of Tc-99m GSA for predicting death or liver transplantation for 6 months was assessed. Between the two groups of patients stratified based on the cut-off values from the receiver operating characteristic curves, 6-month transplant-free survival was compared. Sixteen (23.2%) patients died or underwent liver transplantation from admission (poor outcome). The hepatic accumulation index was calculated by dividing the radioactivity of the liver region of interest by that of the liver-plus-heart region of interest at 15 min (i.e., LHL15). The LHL15 in the 16 patients (0.686) was significantly lower than that in survivors (0.836; P < 0.0001). The optimal LHL15 cut-off for distinguishing poor outcome and survival was 0.737 with a sensitivity of 81.3%, specificity of 88.7%, and area under the curve of 0.907 (95% CI, 0.832–0.981). When patients were divided into two groups based on the LHL15 cut-off value, the 6-month transplant-free survival was significantly lower in patients with an LHL15 level ≤ 0.737. Tc-99m GSA scintigraphy may help predict the prognosis of patients with SLI.

Hepatoprotective effects of ginsenoside Rk3 in acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice by activation of autophagy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Qu ◽  
Rongzhan Fu ◽  
xiaoxuan Ma ◽  
Daidi Fan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury (AIALI) is one of the most common causes of acute liver failure. Owing to the limitations of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is the only antidote currently...

scholarly journals A Patient with Nafcillin-Associated Drug-Induced Liver Failure

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Rao ◽  
Isaiah Schuster ◽  
Talal Seoud ◽  
Kevin Zarrabi ◽  
Nirvani Goolsarran
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury

Nafcillin-induced acute liver injury is a rare and potentially fatal complication that has been known since the 1960s but inadequately studied. At this time, the only proven treatment is early discontinuation of the drug. Because of the high prevalence of nafcillin class antibiotic use in the United States, it is important for clinicians to have a high clinical suspicion for this diagnosis. We present a case of liver failure attributable to nafcillin use in a 68-year-old male with a history methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus and L3/L4 osteomyelitis. After starting long-term antibiotic therapy, he presented with painless jaundice which necessitated discontinuation of the drug. At the time of presentation, the patient’s lab work exhibited a bilirubin/direct bilirubin of 9.4/8.2 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase of 311 IU/L, and aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase of 109/127 IU/L. The patient was switched to i.v. vancomycin given the concern for drug-induced liver injury. Imaging did not show obstruction of the hepatobiliary or pancreaticobiliary trees. Serology was unremarkable for viral etiology, autoimmune processes, Wilson disease, and hemochromatosis. A liver biopsy showed findings consistent with drug-induced liver injury. The patient’s liver function tests peaked at day 7 of admission and trended towards normal levels with cessation of nafcillin therapy. The patient was discharged with a diagnosis of nafcillin-induced acute liver injury. Our case highlights the importance of early recognition of the diagnosis and careful monitoring of liver function when nafcillin is employed in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Role of procoagulant microparticles in mediating complications and outcome of acute liver injury/acute liver failure

Hepatology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Todd Stravitz ◽  
Regina Bowling ◽  
Robert L. Bradford ◽  
Nigel S. Key ◽  
Sam Glover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Injury
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