scholarly journals Bioactive Surface Modification of Hydroxyapatite

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko Abe ◽  
Yohei Okazaki ◽  
Kyou Hiasa ◽  
Keisuke Yasuda ◽  
Keisuke Nogami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Etching Process ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Initial Adhesion ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Modified Surfaces ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

The purpose of this study was to establish an acid-etching procedure for altering the Ca/P ratio of the nanostructured surface of hydroxyapatite (HAP) by using surface chemical and morphological analyses (XPS, XRD, SEM, surface roughness, and wettability) and to evaluate thein vitroresponse of osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1 cells) to the modified surfaces. This study utilized HAP and HAP treated with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, or 60% phosphoric acid solution for 10 minutes at 25°C, followed by rinsing 3 times with ultrapure water. The 30% phosphoric acid etching process that provided a Ca/P ratio of 1.50, without destruction of the grain boundary of HAP, was selected as a surface-modification procedure. Additionally, HAP treated by the 30% phosphoric acid etching process was stored under dry conditions at 25°C for 12 hours, and the Ca/P ratio approximated to 1.00 accidentally. The initial adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation (alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and relative mRNA level for ALP) of MC3T3-E1 cells on the modified surfaces were significantly promoted (P<0.05and 0.01). These findings show that the 30% phosphoric acid etching process for the nanostructured HAP surface can alter the Ca/P ratio effectively and may accelerate the initial adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Flexural, Diametral Tensile, and Shear Bond Strength of Composite Repairs

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. E250-E260 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Imbery ◽  
T Gray ◽  
F DeLatour ◽  
C Boxx ◽  
AM Best ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Bonding Agent ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

SUMMARY Objective Repairing composite restorations may be a more conservative treatment than replacing the entire restoration. The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the best repair method by measuring flexural, diametral tensile, and shear bond strength of repaired composites in which the surfaces were treated with chemical primers (Add & Bond or Silane Bond Enhancer), a bonding agent (Optibond Solo Plus [OBSP]), or mechanical retention with a bonding agent. Methods Filtek Supreme Ultra shade B1B was placed in special molds to fabricate specimens that served to test the flexural, diametral tensile, or shear strength of the inherent resin substrate. The same molds were modified to make specimens for testing repair strength of the resin. Repairs were made immediately or after aging in deionized water at 37°C for seven days. All repair sites were finished with coarse Sof-Lex discs to simulate finishing new restorations or partially removing aged restorations. Repair surfaces were treated with one of the following: 1) phosphoric-acid etching and OBSP; 2) Add & Bond; 3) phosphoric-acid etching, Silane Bond Enhancer, and OBSP; or 4) quarter round bur, phosphoric-acid etching, and OBSP. Specimens were placed back in the original molds to fabricate specimens for diametral tensile or flexural testing or in an Ultradent jig to make specimens for shear bond testing. Composite resin in shade B5B was polymerized against the treated surfaces to make repairs. Two negative control groups for the three testing methods consisted of specimens in which repairs were made immediately or after aging without any surface treatments. Controls and experimental repairs were aged (water 37°C, 24 hours) before flexural, diametral tensile, or shear testing in an Instron Universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Results Experimental flexural repair strengths ranged from 26.4% to 88.6% of the inherent substrate strength. Diametral tensile repair strengths ranged from 40% to 80% of the inherent substrate strength, and shear bond strength repairs ranged from 56% to 102%. Geometric means were statistically analyzed with two-way analysis of variance on their log-transformed values. Significant differences were determined using Tukey honestly significant difference (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions Depending on the mechanical property being tested, surface treatments produced different results. OBSP produced more consistent results than chemical primers.

scholarly journals Improving the Bond Strength of Radiographically Tagged Caries Lesions In Vitro

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3702
Author(s):  
Sophia Toelle ◽  
Agnes Holtkamp ◽  
Uwe Blunck ◽  
Sebastian Paris ◽  
Falk Schwendicke
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching ◽  
Tagging Effects

After selective carious tissue removal, residual carious lesions remain radiographically detectable. Radiopaque tagging resolves the resulting diagnostic uncertainty but impedes bond strengths of adhesives to tagged dentin. We developed a protocol mitigating these detrimental effects. A 30%/50%/70% SnCl2 solution was dissolved in distilled water or a 30%/50%/90% ethanol solution (E30/60/90) and applied to artificially induced dentin lesions. Tagging effects were radiographically evaluated using transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (n = 6/group). Groups with sufficient tagging effects at the lowest SnCl2 concentrations were used to evaluate how tagging affected the microtensile bond strength of a universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal) to sound and carious dentin (n = 10/group). Two different protocols for removing tagging material were tested: 15 s phosphoric acid etching and 5 s rotating brush application. Scanning/backscattered electron microscopy (SEM/BSE) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to assess surfaces after tagging and removal. The most promising removal protocol was revalidated microradiographically. Tagging significantly increased the radiopacity, with consistent effects for 30% SnCl2 dissolved in water or E30. Microscopically, tagged surfaces showed a thick carpet of SnCl2, and tagging reduced bond strengths significantly on carious dentin but not on sound dentin (p < 0.01). On carious dentin, removal of tagging material using acid etching and rotating brush was microscopically confirmed. Acid etching also mitigated any bond strength reduction (median: 21.3 MPa; interquartile range: 10.8 MPa) compared with nontagged dentin (median: 17.4 MPa; interquartile range: 20.6 MPa). This was not the case for brushing (median: 13.2 MPa; interquartile range: 13.9 MPa). Acid etching minimally reduced the radiographic tagging effect (p = 0.055). Phosphoric acid etching reduces the detrimental bond-strength effects of tagging without significantly decreasing radiographic tagging effects when using a universal adhesive.

scholarly journals The Effect of Dental Enamel Pre-Etching for Self-Etching Adhesives According to their Primer pH: An In Vitro Bond Strength, Etching Pattern and Adhesive Failure Evaluation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I. Nicolas-Silvente ◽  
Ana I. Nicolas-Silvente ◽  
Fernando Chiva-Garcia ◽  
Arturo Sanchez-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Adhesive Failure ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Etching Pattern ◽  
Strong Acidity ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

Dental enamel pre-etching before the application of a self-etching adhesive (SEA) has different effects depending on the pH of the adhesive acidic monomer, being not always beneficial. This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS), etching pattern, and fracture type of different acidity SEAs, with and without previous phosphoric acid etching. One-hundred-sixty bovine incisors were subjected to SBS testing with the following adhesive systems: Adper-Prompt-L-Pop (APLP) (strong acidity), Futurabond NR (FB), AdheSE One F (AD) (intermediary acidity) and Clearfil SE (CSE) (mild acidity), with and without previous phosphoric acid etching. Results were evaluated applying both ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Besides, forty bovine incisors were used to assess etching patterns using scanning-electron-microscopy (SEM). Adhesive failure was evaluated, classifying bond failure as one of five types. SBS averages were (MPa): without pre-etching: APLP (20.61±11.84), CSE (17.29±10.16), FB (11.44±6.99), AD (7.88±4.85) and with pre-etching: APLP (16.17±9.68), CSE (25.96±11.75), FB (20.12±9.39), AD (14,28±9.42). Different enamel etching patterns were observed depending on each SEA’s pH and whether the surface was pre-etched. Most fracture failures were adhesive type. Less than 10 % were cohesive type. SBS improves when mild and intermediary strength SEAs are pre-etched. However, it decreases when strong SEAs are pre-etched.

scholarly journals Four chemical methods of porcelain conditioning and their influence over bond strength and surface integrity

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo Fragomeni Stella ◽  
Andrea Becker Oliveira ◽  
Lincoln Issamu Nojima ◽  
Mariana Marquezan
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Surface Conditioning ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

OBJECTIVE: To assess four different chemical surface conditioning methods for ceramic material before bracket bonding, and their impact on shear bond strength and surface integrity at debonding.METHODS: Four experimental groups (n = 13) were set up according to the ceramic conditioning method: G1 = 37% phosphoric acid etching followed by silane application; G2 = 37% liquid phosphoric acid etching, no rinsing, followed by silane application; G3 = 10% hydrofluoric acid etching alone; and G4 = 10% hydrofluoric acid etching followed by silane application. After surface conditioning, metal brackets were bonded to porcelain by means of the Transbond XP system (3M Unitek). Samples were submitted to shear bond strength tests in a universal testing machine and the surfaces were later assessed with a microscope under 8 X magnification. ANOVA/Tukey tests were performed to establish the difference between groups (α= 5%).RESULTS: The highest shear bond strength values were found in groups G3 and G4 (22.01 ± 2.15 MPa and 22.83 ± 3.32 Mpa, respectively), followed by G1 (16.42 ± 3.61 MPa) and G2 (9.29 ± 1.95 MPa). As regards surface evaluation after bracket debonding, the use of liquid phosphoric acid followed by silane application (G2) produced the least damage to porcelain. When hydrofluoric acid and silane were applied, the risk of ceramic fracture increased.CONCLUSIONS: Acceptable levels of bond strength for clinical use were reached by all methods tested; however, liquid phosphoric acid etching followed by silane application (G2) resulted in the least damage to the ceramic surface.

scholarly journals Enamel bonding of self-etching and phosphoric acid-etching orthodontic adhesives in simulated clinical conditions: Debonding force and enamel surface

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya HORIUCH ◽  
Kazuyuki KANEKO ◽  
Hiroko MORI ◽  
Emi KAWAKAMI ◽  
Takashi TSUKAHARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Orthodontic Adhesives ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

scholarly journals Mid-infrared waveguiding in three-dimensional microstructured optical waveguides fabricated by femtosecond-laser writing and phosphoric acid etching

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinman Lv ◽  
Binbin Hong ◽  
Yang Tan ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Javier Rodríguez Vázquez de Aldana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Laser Writing ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

scholarly journals Microleakage of "Bulk-Fill" Composite Resin for Class II Restorations Pretreated With CO2 Laser in Deciduous Molars: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-309
Author(s):  
Larissa Costa Santos ◽  
Ravana Angelini Sfalcin ◽  
Eugenio José Garcia ◽  
Fátima Antônia Aparecida Zanin ◽  
Aldo Brugnera Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acid Gel

Introduction: Microleakage has been reported to cause dentin hypersensitivity because of the passage of bacteria and their products through the restoration-tooth interface and is one of the main reasons for replacement of restorations. CO2 laser can be used for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate in vitro the microleakage in composite restorations following surface pretreatment with acid etching and CO2 laser. Methods: Twelve human caries-free primary molars were selected. Class II cavities were prepared on occlusal mesial and occlusal distal surfaces. Specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n=6): Group 1 (G1) – 37% phosphoric acid gel etching + Beautiful-Bulk Restorative – Giomer (Shofu Inc); Group 2 (G2) – 37% phosphoric acid gel etching + SDR Bulk-Fill Flow (Dentsply); Group 3 (G3) – CO2 laser irradiation + Beautiful-Bulk Restorative – Giomer (Shofu Inc); Group 4 (G4) – CO2 laser irradiation + SDR Bulk-Fill Flow (Dentsply). Surfaces were restored with bonding agent (Natural Bond DE, DFL). Specimens were cut longitudinally and immersed in 0.5% methylene blue solution for 4 hours. Microleakage scores were assessed under a magnifying glass at x3,5 and qualitatively analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were analyzed using nonparametric Wilcoxon test (P < 0.05). Results: Scores prevailed between 0 and 2, however, no statistically significant difference was found among the groups (P= 0.05). Conclusion: It could be concluded that all composite resins bulk fill did not show significant difference among them regarding microleakage using either CO2 laser or 37% phosphoric acid etching.

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