scholarly journals Aqueous Extract ofAnnona macroprophyllata: A Potentialα-Glucosidase Inhibitor

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Brindis ◽  
M. E. González-Trujano ◽  
M. González-Andrade ◽  
E. Aguirre-Hernández ◽  
R. Villalobos-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Postprandial Glycemia ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Annona genus contains plants used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes. In the present study, an aqueous extract prepared fromAnnona macroprophyllata(Annonaceae, also known asA. diversifolia) leaves was evaluated on both the activity of yeastα-glucosidase (anin vitroassay) and sucrose tolerance in Wistar rats. The results have shown that the aqueous extract fromA. macroprophyllatainhibits the yeastα-glucosidase with an IC50 = 1.18 mg/mL, in a competitive manner with aKi= 0.97 mg/mL, a similar value to that of acarbose (Ki= 0.79 mg/mL). The inhibitory activity ofA. macroprophyllatawas reinforced by its antihyperglycemic effect, at doses of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg in rats. Chromatographic analysis identified the flavonoids rutin and isoquercitrin in the most polar fractions ofA. macroprophyllatacrude extract, suggesting that these flavonoids are part of the active constituents in the plant. Our results support the use ofA. macroprophyllatain Mexican folk medicine to control postprandial glycemia in people with diabetes mellitus, involving active constituents of flavonoid nature.

scholarly journals TRIGONELLA FOENUM : A REVIEW OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Suryawati Suryawati ◽  
Safrida Safrida ◽  
Firdausa Sarah ◽  
Azizah Vonna ◽  
Vera Dewi Mulia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Treatment of diabetes mellitus is intended to reduce the risk of blindness, kidney failure, neuropathy and heart disease that can develop due to the chronic increase in the blood glucose level. The selected hypoglycemic agents should be effective, safe and readily available. The widely used agents work by interrupting enzymes responsible for glucose regulation. Those enzymes are α-amilase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, aldose reductase and angiotensin converting enzyme. A medicinal plant, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) has been used as an antidiabetic folk medicine. This review provides information related to in vitro studies showing antihyperglycemic activity of fenugreek along with an in vivo study in animals. In addition, potential phytochemicals that have been isolated from this plant are described and play a role in the searching for the most potent agents for diabetes mellitus therapy.

scholarly journals Preliminary in vitro study of anti-oxidant activity and anti-diabetic potential of plant extracts from 4 herbal substances not traditionally used for treatment of diabetes mellitus

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-762
Author(s):  
Dora Trifonova ◽  
Anna Gavrilova ◽  
Galina Dyakova ◽  
Genadi Gavrilov ◽  
Maya Yotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Sambucus Ebulus ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

The focus of the presented study is the in vitro anti-oxidant activity and anti-diabetic potential of water extracts from the following four herbal substances, not traditionally used for treatment of diabetes mellitus – leaves of Sambucus ebulus L. and Prunus mahaleb L., and flowering stems of Cichorium intybus L. and Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. The water extracts are obtained through ultrasonication. The extract of S. kitaibelii stands out due to its highest values in all studied indicators – total phenolic content, scavenging potential (DPPH, ABTS) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity which was six times higher than acarbose. The extract of C. intybus also showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared to acarbose. The flowering stems of both species are promising sources of biologically active substances for blood sugar control in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Safety of Aqueous Extract of Calea ternifolia Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ma G. E. González-Yáñez ◽  
Catalina Rivas-Morales ◽  
María A. Oranday-Cárdenas ◽  
María J. Verde-Star ◽  
María A. Núñez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Hepatic Toxicity ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

There is a trend to use medicinal plants for primary medical care or as dietary supplements; however, the safety of many of these plants has not been studied. The objective of this work was to determine the toxic effect of the aqueous extract of Calea ternifolia (C. zacatechichi), known popularly as “dream herb” in vivo and in vitro in order to validate its safety. In vivo, the extract had moderate toxicity on A. salina. In vitro, the extract induced eryptosis of 73% at a concentration of 100 μg·mL−1 and it inhibited CYP3A by 99% at a concentration of 375 μg/mL. After administering 8.5 mg/kg of C. ternifolia to rats, we found a reduction in platelets and leukocytes and an increase in urea and the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Histological analysis showed spongiform changes in the proximal tubules of renal tissue and a lymphoid infiltrate in liver tissue. This plant is used in the treatment of diabetes, and it is commercialized as a dietary supplement in several countries. Our results show renal and hepatic toxicity; therefore, more profound research on the toxicity of this plant is needed.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Properties and Digestive Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of the Aqueous Extract from Leafy Stems of Cissus polyantha

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mahamad Abba Talba ◽  
David Miaffo ◽  
Sylviane Laure Poualeu Kamani ◽  
Albert Kamanyi ◽  
Sylvie Léa Wansi
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Cissus polyantha (Vitaceae) is a plant used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. The aims of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the aqueous extract of Cissus polyantha leafy stems. The enzyme inhibitory activity was determined in vitro on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, followed by confirmative study in vivo on normal rats (oral starch and sucrose tolerance tests at doses of 111, 222, and 444 mg/kg). The ferric reducing antioxidant power and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antiradical activity of the extract were examined to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the extract. The total content of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins of the extract were also determined. The results showed an inhibitory effect of the extract on the α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities with IC50 values of 216.14 and 182.40 μg/mL, respectively. The extract at doses of 222 and 444 mg/kg induced a significant decrease in postprandial glycaemia during the starch and sucrose tolerance tests. A remarkable antiradical activity of the extract was obtained although lower than that of the standard product. The aqueous extract of leafy stems of Cissus polyantha has an interesting inhibitory activity on the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, as well as an antioxidant potential, thus validating its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.

scholarly journals Delving into the Antiurolithiatic Potential of Tribulus terrestris Extract Through –In Vivo Efficacy and Preclinical Safety Investigations in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Kaushik ◽  
Simran Tandon ◽  
Rishi Bhardwaj ◽  
Tanzeer Kaur ◽  
Surinder Kumar Singla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Preclinical Safety

Abstract Modern treatment interventions for kidney stones are wrought with side-effects, hence the need for alternative therapies such as plant-based medicines. We have previously documented through in vitro studies that statistically optimized aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae family) possesses antiurolithic and antioxidant potential. This provides strong scientific foundation to conduct in vivo efficacy and preclinical safety studies to corroborate and lend further proof to its ability to prevent and cure kidney stones. The preventive and curative urolithiatic efficacy in experimentally induced nephrolithiatic Wistar rats, along with preclinical toxicity was evaluated following oral administration of statistically optimized aqueous extract of T. terrestris. Treatment showed augmented renal function, restoration of normal renal architecture and increase in body weight. Microscopic analysis of urine revealed excretion of small sized urinary crystals, demonstrating that treatment potentially modulated the morphology of renal stones. Tissue enzymatic estimation affirmed the antioxidant efficacy of treatment with reduced free radical generation. Significant upregulation of p38MAPK at both the gene and protein level was noted in hyperoxaluric group and interestingly treatment reversed it. Acute oral toxicity study established the Median Lethal Dose (LD50) to be greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) by repeated oral toxicity for 28 days at 750 mg/kg b.wt. was noted. This study lends scientific evidence to the safe, preventive and curative potential of statistically optimized aqueous extract of T. terrestris at a dose of 750 mg/kg b.wt. and suggests that the extract shows promise as a therapeutic antiurolithic agent.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Mechanisms of Rosa canina Fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Fattahi ◽  
Fatemeh Niyazi ◽  
Behzad Shahbazi ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Farzaei ◽  
Gholamreza Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Glucose Diffusion ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line ◽  
Natural Agent

Rosa canina fruits have been used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications. The aim of current study was to evaluate the in vitro mechanism of action of R canina in managing diabetes mellitus. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay were performed on pancreatic β-cells, βTC6. The protective activity of the extract on streptozotocin-induced death in βTC6 cells was studied. The effect of R canina on the metabolism of glucose in HepG2, a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, was evaluated. The effect of the extract on glucose diffusion across the dialysis membrane, which is a comfortable model for assessing cellular glucose absorption, was evaluated. The results obtained from current study confirmed that R canina extract can act as a growth factor for pancreatic β-cell line providing a novel mechanism for the observed antidiabetic effect of this natural agent. Further preclinical studies are necessary to evaluate the perfect mechanism of action of R canina in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals UFLC-MS-IT-TOF and Bioassay Guided Isolation of Flavonoids as Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors from Diospyros dumetorum

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201
Author(s):  
Zhen-Tao Deng ◽  
Tong-Hua Yang ◽  
Xiao-Yan Huang ◽  
Xing-Long Chen ◽  
Jian-Gang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Abscess ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors

Diospyros dumetorum is an important folk medicine for treating pulmonary abscess and inflammation. The leaves of D. dumetorum revealed xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity. With the guidance of UFLC-MS-IT-TOF analyses combined with bioassay in vitro, 15 flavonoids were isolated from the active parts of D. dumetorum. Except for 11 (IC50 > 200μM), all compounds showed obvious XOD inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 32.5 ± 0.7 ~ 145.0 ± 3.3 μM. The preliminary structure-activity relationships study suggested that glycosylation on C-3 was unfavorable for XOD inhibitory activity; hydroxyl groups on ring B were essential for maintaining activity; the activity was closely related with the position of galloylation. This is the first recognition of the XOD inhibitory activity and active constituents of D. dumetorum, and will provide valuable information for this plant as a new resource for treating hyperuricemia and gout.

‘In vivo’ and ‘in vitro’ activity of Larrea divaricata Cav. on EL-4 cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Davicino ◽  
Rosario Alonso ◽  
Claudia Anesini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Thymidine Uptake ◽  
Stimulatory Action ◽  
T Lymphoma ◽  
Larrea Divaricata

Larrea divaricata is a plant widely used in folk medicine in Argentina. It has been demonstrated that an aqueous extract of L. divaricata possesses a biphasic effect on cell proliferation, at low concentrations exerts a stimulatory action and at high concentrations exerts anti-proliferative effects upon the T lymphoma BW 5147; therefore, we propose in this paper to test the effect of the extract ‘in vitro’ and ‘in vivo’ in another T-cell lymphoma named EL-4. It was analyzed ‘in vitro’ cell proliferation by tritiated thymidine uptake and the effect of the extract on tumors induced in mice analyzing tumor progression and survival.The results showed that the aqueous extract induced the proliferation of tumor cells at all the concentrations studied. The results ‘in vivo’ showed that the aqueous extract stimulated significantly the size of tumors and that untreated mice lived longer than those treated. It is important to be very careful when plant extracts are selected for the treatment of several diseases. Consequently, before using a plant extract, specific scientific studies must be undertaken on different models to certificate therapeutic and adverse effects. Moreover, it can be said that L. divaricata has a specific anti-tumor mechanism of action depending on the targets.

scholarly journals Phosphodiesterase-1 Inhibitory Activity of Two Flavonoids Isolated fromPistacia integerrimaJ. L. Stewart Galls

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Ghias Uddin ◽  
Bina S. Siddiqui ◽  
Haroon Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Pistacia integerrimais one of twenty species among the genusPistacia. Long horn-shaped galls that develop on this plant are harvested and used in Ayurveda and Indian traditional medicine to make “karkatshringi”, a herbal medicine used for the treatment of asthma and different disorders of respiratory tract. However, until now, the molecular mechanisms of action of “karkatshringi” and its chemical characterization are partially known. This study deals with the isolation and characterization of the active constituents from the methanolic extract ofP. integerrimagalls and it was also oriented to evaluatein vitroandin silicotheir potential enzymatic inhibitory activity against phosphodiesterase-1 (PDE1), a well-known enzyme involved in airway smooth muscle activity and airway inflammation. Our results showed that the methanolic extract ofP. integerrimagalls and some of its active constituents [naringenin (1) and 3,5,7,4′-tetrahydroxy-flavanone (2)] are ablein vitroto inhibit PDE1 activity (59.20 ± 4.95%, 75.90 ± 5.90%, and 65.25 ± 5.25%, resp.) and demonstratein silicoan interesting interaction with this enzymatic site. Taken together, our results add new knowledge of chemical constituents responsible for the biological activity ofP. integerrimaand contextually legitimate the use of this plant in folk medicine.

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