scholarly journals Pretreatment Hepatoprotective Effect of the Marine Fungus Derived from Sponge on Hepatic Toxicity Induced by Heavy Metals in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehad M. Abdel-Monem ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem ◽  
El-Sayed H. El-Ashry ◽  
Doaa A. Ghareeb ◽  
Asmaa Nabil-adam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Marine Fungus ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Metal Mixtures ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

The aim of this study was to evaluate the pretreatment hepatoprotective effect of the extract of marine-derived fungusTrichurus spiralisHasselbr (TS) isolated fromHippospongia communissponge on hepatotoxicity. Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n=7). Group I served as −ve control, group II served as the induced group receiving subcutaneously for seven days 0.25 mg heavy metal mixtures, group III received (i.p.) TS extract of dose 40 mg for seven days, and group IV served as the protected group pretreated with TS extract for seven days as a protection dose, and then treated with the heavy metal-mixture. The main pathological changes within the liver after heavy-metal mixtures administrations marked hepatic damage evidenced by foci of lobular necrosis with neutrophilic infiltration, adjacent to dysplastic hepatocytes. ALT and AST measurements show a significant increase in group II by 46.20% and 45.12%, respectively. Total protein, elevated by about 38.9% in induction group compared to the −ve control group, in contrast to albumin, decreased as a consequence of metal administration with significant elevation on bilirubin level. The results prove that TS extract possesses a hepatoprotective property due to its proven antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata Linn) dalam Mencegah Displasia Dorsum Lingue Tikus Galur Sprague Dawley yang Diinduksi 7,12 Dimetilbenz(Α)Antrasena

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Tyas Prihatiningsih ◽  
Tetiana Haniastuti ◽  
Dewi Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Group I ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is one of the largest group of carcinogen in the environment.  An agent that has antigenotoxic and anticarcinogen potency is needed to prevent DNA damage and carcinogenesis. Soursop leaves have a chemopreventive action. This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of ethanolic extract of soursop leaves in prevention of dysplasia of upper surface of tongue in rats. This was a true laboratory experimental study with the post test-only control group design, using 24 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into six groups. The upper surfaces of tongues of group I-III were induced by DMBA topically three times a week for 16 weeks; group II and III were induced by DMBA added soursop leaves ethanolic extract of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight daily for 18 weeks; group IV was given soursop leaves ethanolic extract 200 mg/kg body weight; group V was given DMSO 1%; and group VI was untreated. After 18th week, rats were terminated and tongue necropsies in longitudinal anteroposterior direction were conducted. The clinical changes of the upper surfaces of the tongues were observed and the histological changes were observed by using HE staining to confirm signs of dysplasia. The Kruskal Wallis test showed differences between groups, and the Mann-Withney test showed not significantly decrease of mild dysplasia of group II and group III compared to group I (p>0.05). In conclusion, ethanolic extract of soursop leaves was not effective in prevention of dysplasia of the upper surface of rat’s tongue.Keywords: dysplasia; soursop leave extract; dorsal part of tongue; DMBA  Abstrak: Senyawa golongan PAH merupakan salah satu kelompok karsinogen terbesar di lingkungan. Sebagai upaya untuk mencegah kerusakan DNA serta karsinogenesis, diperlukan suatu agen yang berpotensi antigenotoksik sekaligus antikarsinogenik. Daun sirsak terbukti mempunyai aksi kemopreventif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dalam mencegah displasia pada dorsum lingue tikus. Jenis penelitian ialah true experimental laboratory dengan the post test-only control group design yang menggunakan 24 ekor tikus galur Sprague Dawley jantan, dibagi dalam enam kelompok. Dorsum lingue tikus kelompok I - III diinduksi DMBA secara topikal tiga kali seminggu selama 16 minggu; kelompok II dan III selain diinduksi DMBA, juga diberi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak 100 dan 200 mg/kg berat badan setiap hari selama 18 minggu; kelompok IV diberi ekstrak etanol 200 mg/kg BB; kelompok V diberi DMSO 1%; dan kelompok VI tidak diberi perlakuan. Terminasi dan nekropsi lidah tikus longitudinal anteroposterior dilaksanakan setelah minggu ke 18. Perubahan pada dorsum lingue diamati secara klinis dan perubahan histologik dilihat dengan pewarnaan HE untuk mengonfirmasi tanda displasia. Uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan antar kelompok, sedangkan uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan penurunan tidak bermakna displasia ringan pada kelompok II dan III dibanding kelompok I. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak etanol daun sirsak tidak efektif dalam mencegah displasia epitel dorsum lingue tikus.Kata kunci: displasia; ekstrak daun sirsak; dorsum lingue; DMBA

scholarly journals Thiosulfinate-Enriched Allium sativum Extract as an Adjunct to Antibiotic Treatment of Sepsis in a Rat Peritonitis Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4760
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Redondo-Calvo ◽  
Omar Montenegro ◽  
David Padilla-Valverde ◽  
Pedro Villarejo ◽  
Víctor Baladrón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Peritonitis Model

Up to now, there are no studies that have shown a decrease in morbidity and mortality in the context of sepsis and septic shock, except for antibiotic therapy and the objective-guided resuscitation strategy. The goal was to evaluate the use of thiosulfinate-enriched Allium sativum extract (TASE) as an adjuvant in the management of sepsis. An experimental in vivo study was carried out with male Sprague Dawley® rats. Animals were randomized in three treatment groups: the control group (I), antibiotic (ceftriaxone) treatment group (II) and ceftriaxone plus TASE treatment group (III). All animals were housed and inoculated with 1 × 1010 CFU/15 mL of intraperitoneal Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Subsequently, they received a daily treatment according to each group for 7 days. Clinical, analytical, microbiological, and histopathological parameters were evaluated. Statistically significant clinical improvement was observed in the ceftriaxone plus TASE vs. ceftriaxone group in weight, ocular secretions, whiskers separation and physical activity level (p ≤ 0.05). When comparing interleukins on the third day of treatment between II and III, we found statistically significant differences in IL-1 levels (p < 0.05). Blood and peritoneal liquid cultures of group I were positive for multisensitive E. coli. Group II and III cultures were negative for E. coli, although an overgrowth of Enterococcus faecalis was found. In conclusion, TASE used as an adjuvant to antibiotic treatment in the management of sepsis could improve response profiles with sepsis attenuation, thus reducing overall mortality after an animal peritonitis model.

scholarly journals The Effect of Myrmecodia pendans Ethanol Extract on Inflamed Pulp: Study on Sprague Dawley Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Janti Sudiono ◽  
Meylisa Hardina
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Inflammation is a body response caused by injury and infection. Pulpitis is a pulp tissue inflammation which is the continuous process of pulp hyperemia by bacteria invasion. Myrmecodia pendans or Sarang semut is known to contain flavonoid compound which has the anti inflammation effect. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Myrmecodia pendans ethanol extract on the healing process of pulp inflammation.Materials and Methods: This experimental study involved pre- and post-in vivo treatment of 27 Sprague Dawley rats in which the inducted pulpitis model was obtained by injecting 0.01 mL Porphyromonas gingivalis into the dental pulp for 48 hours. Subjects were divided randomly into Group I (negative control), Group II (pulpitis treated by Myrmecodia pendans extract ethanol as treatment group), and Group III (pulpitis treated by Ca(OH)2 as positive control group). Group II and III as pulpitis treatment groups were divided into subgroups based on the induction periods of 48 hours (2 days), 168 hours (7 days), and 366 hours (14 days). All specimens were processed into the slides and evaluated microscopically for the healing process.Results: The result of this study showed significant difference (p<0.05) among groups on day 2, 4 and 7. On day 4, the pulpitis treatment group of Myrmecodia pendans extract showed better healing process than Ca(OH)2. On day 7, the pulpitis treatment group of Ca(OH)2 showed better healing process than Myrmecodia pendans extract. On day 14, both of the pulpitis treatment groups showed normal pulp.Conclusion: Myrmecodia pendans ethanol extract is effective for the healing process of inflamed pulp.Keywords: inflamed pulp, Myrmecodia pendans, sarang semut, Ca(OH)2 , healing process

The effects of royal jelly on the oxidant-antioxidant system in rats with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced breast cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Malkoç ◽  
Diler Us Altay ◽  
Ahmet Alver ◽  
Şafak Ersöz ◽  
Tuğba Mazlum Şen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Develop Breast Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

AbstractObjectives:To determine the effect of royal jelly (RJ) on the oxidant-antioxidant balance in rats with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) induced breast cancer and to compare this with the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel.Material and methods:Fifty-six female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups. Except control group (n=8, Group I) others received MNU (50 mg/kg, a single dose, i.p.) to develop breast cancer: Group II (n=8) untreated, Group III (n=7) treated with paclitaxel (15 mg/kg/week, 3 times, i.p.), Group IV (n=7) with RJ (by oral gavage, 100 mg/kg/day, for 30 days), and Group V (n=7), with paclitaxel+RJ. At the end of 30 days, histopathological and biochemical parameters were evaluated in breast tissues.Results:Levels of protein carbonyl (PC) and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were higher in Group V than in Group II while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were lower in groups IV and V compared to Group II (p<0.05). Levels of catalase (CAT) in Group V and glutathione (GSH) in Group III were higher than Group II (p<0.05). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels did not significantly different. Decreasing effect of RJ on CA15-3 levels was relevant to histopathological results.Conclusion:Although RJ (with or without paclitaxel) had increasing effect of antioxidant status it was insufficient to reduce oxidative stress in breast cancer.

Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
D.G. German ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

scholarly journals Anticarcinogenic effect of probiotic fermented milk and chlorophyllin on aflatoxin-B1-induced liver carcinogenesis in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 1006-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kumar ◽  
V. Verma ◽  
R. Nagpal ◽  
A. Kumar ◽  
P. V. Behare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Aflatoxin B

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of probiotic fermented milk (FM) containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, alone as well as in combination with chlorophyllin (CHL) as an antioxidant agent in male Wistar rats administered aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1). AFB1 was injected intraperitoneally at the rate of 450 μg/kg body weight per animal twice a week for 6 weeks, maintaining an equal time interval between the two consecutive AFB1 administrations. A total of 125 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to five groups, each group having twenty-five animals. Group I was offered FM containing L. rhamnosus GG and L. casei strain Shirota. Group II was administered AFB1 and served as the control group; group III was administered FM-AFB1, in which besides administering AFB1, FM was also offered. Group IV was offered CHL and AFB1, and group V was offered both FM and CHL along with AFB1. The rats were euthanised at the 15th and 25th week of the experiment and examined for the biochemical and hepatopathological profile. A significant reduction in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was observed in the FM–CHL–AFB1 group compared with the AFB1 control group. FM alone or in combination with CHL was found to show a significant (P < 0·05) hepatoprotective effect by lowering the levels of TBARS and by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase, indicating that probiotic FM alone or in combination with CHL possesses a potent protective effect against AFB1-induced hepatic damage.

scholarly journals Irisin levels in relation to metabolic and liver functions in Egyptian patients with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma H. Rizk ◽  
Samah A. Elshweikh ◽  
Amira Y. Abd El-Naby
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Group Ii

Irisin is a new myokine that is suspected to influence metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, there is a great controversy with respect to its level in cases of MetS and its correlation with different metabolic parameters. The present study assesses irisin levels in MetS patients and studies its relationship to metabolic and liver functions to evaluate the possible role of the liver in regulation of this level. Sixty subjects were included in this experiment, who were divided into 3 groups: group I (normal control), group II (MetS patients with normal liver enzymes), and group III (MetS with elevated liver enzymes and fatty liver disease). Serum irisin levels showed significant increases in groups II and III compared with group I, and significant increases in group III compared with group II. Also, irisin levels were positively correlated with body mass index, serum triglycerides, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and liver enzymes. We concluded that serum irisin levels increased in patients with MetS, especially those with elevated liver enzymes, and had a positive correlation with parameters of lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis with the possibility of hepatic clearance to irisin.

Comparison of the parameters of retinal sensitivity after vitrectomy due to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

2021 ◽  
pp. 349-354
Author(s):  
R.R. Fayzrakhmanov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Sukhanova ◽  
O.A. Pavlovsky ◽  
E.D. Bosov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Light Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Gas Tamponade ◽  
Group I ◽  
Silicone Oil Tamponade ◽  
Group Ii

Purpose. To compare the parameters of a light sensitivity (LS) of the central zone of a retina after vitrectomy due to reghmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with a silicone oil tamponade (SOT) and gas tamponade (GT). Material and methods. The study included 20 eyes after pars plana vitrectomy due to macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) by 25G. All patients were divided in 2 groups depending on the choice of the tamponade. The group I (10 eyes) included cases with the silicone oil tamponade (SOT) (1300 cSt), in the group II (10 eyes) – the gas tamponade (GT) (C2F6). The control group included contralateral eyes without ophthalmic pathology. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examination and fundus- microperimetry (FMP) on the 30th day after removal of the SOT for the group I, or on the 30th day after the C2F6 tamponade for the group II. Results. According to FMP data, the parameter of average light sensitivity (LS) in the group I was significantly reduced, both in comparison with the group II (p=0.007) and the control group (p=0.003). Differentiation by zones in the group I revealed a decrease in each analyzed parameter in comparison with the control group (p<0.05) and a decrease in the 2nd zone (p=0.031) and the 4th zone (p=0.038) in comparison with the group II. In the 1st zone of the group I the formation of a relative scotoma was revealed in 4 cases out of 10 (40%). The parameters of light sensitivity (LS) in comparison with the control in the group II were significantly reduced when analyzed in each zone (p<0.05). A strong positive correlation was found between the Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) and the average LS in the group II (r=0.87). Conclusion. There is a decrease in the functional parameters of the retina with SOT compared with GT in the form of a decrease in the LS parameter in the 10° zone according to FMP data. Key words: retinal detachment, photosensitivity, microperimetry, silicone tamponade.

To Compare Frequency of Sore Throat in Early Postop period in General Anesthesia and Endotracheal Intubation for Abdominal Surgeries who are given Dexamethasone and Normal Saline

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1229
Author(s):  
R. Farooqi ◽  
T. Iqbal ◽  
M. S. Mehmood ◽  
Z. Y. Bhatti ◽  
F. Liaquat
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group Ii

Aim: To Compare frequency of sore throat in early post operative period among patients undergoing general anaesthesia and endotracheal intubation for abdominal surgeries who are given dexamethasone and normal saline. Study Design: Randomized controlled study Setting: Department of Anesthesia/ ICU, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore Duration of study: Six months i.e. 25-09-2009 to 25-03-2010. Methodology: 120 patients undergoing elective general surgery on abdomen were selected. They were divided into two groups. Group I received dexamethasone 8mg (2ml) I/V pre-operatively and group II received 2ml normal saline I/V pre-operatively. Chi square test was used. Visual analogue (VAS) scale was used for recording sore throat. The VAS score ≤4 was considered as no sore throat and VAS scores>4 were considered as the sore throat. Results: Frequency of post-operative sore throat after the first 24 hours following GA and endotracheal intubation was lower in group (I) as compared to the control group (II). Eleven (20%) patients with dexamethasone had post-operative sore throat compared to thirty one (56.3%) patients in control group. (p<0.01). Conclusion: Pre-operative use of dexamethasone was associated with decreased incidence of post-operative sore throat. Keywords: Visual analogue scale (VAS), Post-operative sore throat, general anesthesia

New and safe experimental model of radiation-induced neurovascular histological changes for microsurgical research

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-137
Author(s):  
Sergi Barrera-Ochoa ◽  
Irene Gallardo-Calero ◽  
Andrea Sallent ◽  
Alba López-Fernández ◽  
Ramona Vergés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Neurovascular Bundle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Radiation Induced

The aim is to create a new and safe experimental model of radiation-induced neurovascular histological changes with reduced morbidity and mortality for use with experimental microsurgical techniques. Seventy-two Sprague–Dawley rats (250–300 g) were divided as follows: Group I: control group, 24 rats clinically evaluated during six weeks; Group II: evaluation of acute side-effects (two-week follow-up period), 24 irradiated (20 Gy) rats; and Group III: evaluation of subacute side-effects (six-week follow-up period), 24 irradiated (20 Gy) rats. Variables included clinical assessments, weight, vascular permeability (arterial and venous), mortality and histological studies. No significant differences were observed between groups with respect to the variables studied. Significant differences were observed between groups I vs II–III regarding survival rates and histological changes to arteries, veins and nerves. Rat body weights showed progressive increases in all groups, and the mortality rate of the present model is 10.4% compared with 30–40% in the previous models. In conclusion, the designed model induces selective changes by radiotherapy in the neurovascular bundle without histological changes affecting the surrounding tissues. This model allows therapeutic experimental studies to be conducted, including the viability of microvascular and microneural sutures post radiotherapy in the cervical neurovascular bundle.

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