scholarly journals Physical Investigations on ZnO:Ni Layers Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M. Rajendraprasad Reddy ◽  
V. Supriya ◽  
M. Sugiyama ◽  
K. T. Ramakrishna Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Defect States ◽  
Ni Doping ◽  
X Ray

Nickel-doped ZnO (ZnO:Ni) layers have been deposited on glass substrates by a spray pyrolysis method using zinc acetate and nickel sulphate as precursors. The layers were grown at different substrate temperatures, Ts, that vary in the range 250–350°C. During deposition, the precursor concentration and Ni-doping content were maintained constant at 0.1 M and 10%, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that all the layers were polycrystalline in nature with the (002) plane as the preferred orientation and exhibited hexagonal wurtzite structure. A sharp increment in the intensity of predominant peak with the substrate temperature was observed consistently that indicated an improvement in the crystallinity of the layers. The Raman studies confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO and indicated defect states. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the characteristic peaks of the elements involved in the films and their ionic states. The optical transmittance of the films was higher than 80% and the evaluated energy band gap decreased from 3.17 eV to 3.13 eV with the increase of substrate temperature.

scholarly journals Structural and electrical properties of barium titanate (BaTiO3) thin films obtained by spray pyrolysis method

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Kumbhar ◽  
M.A. Mahadik ◽  
P.K. Chougule ◽  
V.S. Mohite ◽  
Y.M. Hunge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Barium Titanate ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Ferroelectric Hysteresis

AbstractBarium titanate (BaTiO3) thin films have been prepared using the spray pyrolysis method. The films were deposited onto a glass substrate at varying substrate temperature ranging from 250 to 350 °C with the interval of 50 °C. The structural, morphological, electrical and dielectric properties of the deposited films have been studied. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the films with a cubic crystal structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed a good agreement of the thin films stoichiometry with BaTiO3. A presence of Ba, Ti and O in the BaTiO3 thin films was observed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the heterogeneous distribution of cubical grains all over the substrate. The grain size decreased with an increase in substrate temperature. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss showed the dispersion behaviour as a function of frequency, measured in the frequency range of 20 Hz to 1 MHz. The AC conductivity (σac) measurement showed the linear nature of obtained films, which confirms conduction mechanism due to small polarons. Impedance spectroscopy has been used to study the electrical behaviour of BaTiO3 ferroelectric thin films. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop has been recorded at room temperature.

Spray Pyrolysis Growth of Cd0.92Mn0.04Fe0.04O Thin Films: Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Microstructural, Morphological and Optical Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
M. Rajini ◽  
M. Karunakaran ◽  
L. Bruno Chandrasekar ◽  
K. Kasirajan ◽  
E. Manikandan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Host Lattice ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Defect States

Cd0.92Mn0.04Fe0.04O thin films at different substrate temperatures were prepared by spray pyrolysis method using perfume atomizer. The effects of substrate temperature on micro-structural, morphological and optical properties are explored in detail. X-ray diffraction data revealed the presence of single phase cubic structure with purity. XRD analysis also confirmed the incorporation of Mn and Fe ions at Cd site into the host lattice structure. The morphology of samples was examined using SEM. The optical spectra showed the increase in the optical energy band gap and increase in transmittance with substrate temperature. Photoluminescence spectra showed emission peaks due to different defect states. The enhanced micro-structural, morphological and optical properties of Cd0.92Mn0.04Fe0.04O thin film pave the path for its potential application in the optoelectronic devices.

scholarly journals Effects of Deposition Time on the Morphology, Structure, and Optical Properties of PbS Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Abdallah ◽  
A. Ismail ◽  
H. Kashoua ◽  
W. Zetoun
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

Lead sulfide thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on both glass and Si (100) substrates. XRD analysis of the PbS film deposited at 25°C showed that the prepared films have a polycrystalline structure with (200) preferential orientation. Larger grains could be obtained by increasing the deposition time. The prepared films were also chemically characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which confirmed the presence of lead and sulfur as PbS. While energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) technique was used to verify the stoichiometry of the prepared films. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the change in the films’ morphology with the deposition time. The effect of the deposition time, on both optical transmittance in the UV-Vis-NIR region and the structure of the film, was studied. The obtained results demonstrated that the optical band gap decreased when the thickness increased.

scholarly journals Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Thin Films Using Nebulizer Spray Pyrolysis Technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mariappan ◽  
V. Ponnuswamy ◽  
P. Jayamurugan ◽  
R. N. Jayaprakash ◽  
R. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Technique ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Nebulizer Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Nebulizer Spray

thin films have been deposited on glass substrates at substrate temperature 400°C through nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the films structure is changed from hexagonal to tetragonal. The high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) studies reveal that the substrate is well covered with a number of grains indicating compact morphology with an average grain size 50–79 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) reveals the average ratio of the atomic percentage. Optical transmittance study shows the presence of direct transition. Band gap energy decreases from 3.33 to 2.87 eV with respect to the rise of Sn content. The electrical resistivity of the thin films was found to be 106 Ω-m.

scholarly journals Efficient Visible Light Photocatalytic Oxidation of NO on F- and N-Codoped SphericalTiO2Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhui Huang ◽  
Wahkit Cheuk ◽  
Yifan Wu ◽  
Frank S. C. Lee ◽  
Wingkei Ho
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray

The fluorine- and nitrogen-codoped TiO2was synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method with titanium tetrafluoride and urea as precursor. The codoped TiO2was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Nitric oxide (NO) photocatalytic oxidation in gas-phase medium was employed as a probe reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic reactivity of the catalysts. The results indicated that spherical codoped TiO2photocatalysts with unique puckered surface were obtained by this method. The codoped catalysts have solely anatase crystalline structure. The optical characterization of the codoped catalysts showed that the codoped samples could be excited by visible light photons in the 400–550 nm and could efficiently oxidize NO under visible light irradiation. The mechanism of special morphology formation of prepared codoped TiO2structure is also discussed.

Praseodymium – A Competent Dopant for Luminescent Downshifting and Photocatalysis in ZnO Thin Films

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nripasree Narayanan ◽  
N.K. Deepak
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Optical Energy Gap ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Forbidden Gap

AbstractHighly transparent and conducting Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films doped with Praseodymium (Pr) were deposited on glass substrates by using the spray pyrolysis method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the polycrystallinity of the deposited films with a hexagonal wurtzite structure, whereas the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis confirmed the incorporation of Pr in the films. The optical energy gap decreased by Pr doping due to the merging of the conduction band with the impurity bands formed within the forbidden gap. The room temperature photoluminescence spectra of the Pr-doped film showed enhancement of visible emission, suggesting efficient luminescent downshifting. The photocatalytic activity of the Pr-doped films is higher than that of undoped films due to the effective suppression of the rapid recombination of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs. The impurity levels formed within the forbidden gap act as efficient luminescent centers and electron traps, which lead to luminescent downshifting and enhanced photocatalytic activity.

Superconducting YBCO Films Prepared by Electrodeposition and Spray Pyrolysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 868 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Phok ◽  
P.D. Spagnol ◽  
T. Chaudhuri ◽  
R.N. Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Deposited Films

AbstractBiaxially textured YBa2Cu307-δ films were fabricated by non-vacuum electrodeposition and spray pyrolysis techniques. Electrodeposited YBCO was prepared on sputtered copper/single-crystal substrates. Electrodeposition was carried out at constant voltage and the deposition was completed in only few minutes. The thickness of the as-deposited films was in the range of 0.6 to 2 μm. The optimized sputtered copper layer thickness was about 200 Å on SrTiO3. In the spray pyrolysis method, the solution is sprayed directly onto SrTiO3 substrates. The substrate temperature is about 100°C. The thickness of the as-deposited films was in the range of 1.2 to 2μm. The electrodeposited and spray-deposited films were annealed at temperatures ranging from 800° to 920°C under various flowing gas mixtures. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that processed electrodeposited and spray-deposited films were biaxially textured, where YBCO grains were well oriented along the c-axis and in the (a,b) plane. Δω, deduced from the rocking curve on the (005) reflection, was as low as 0.46°. Δφ, deduced from the phi-scan on the (103) reflection, was as low as 0.54°. The critical current density for these types of films is about 0.5 MA/cm2at 77 K and 0 T.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of (Al, Fe) Codoped ZnO Films Prepared by Sol–Gel

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
Jiangang Wang ◽  
Wenjing Shen ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Jianhui Li ◽  
Jing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zno Crystal

In this research, Al-doped and (Al, Fe) codoped ZnO films were prepared on glass substrate by the sol–gel method. The surface morphology, structure, and optical property were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Ultraviolet-Visible-Near-infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectroscopy. The film surface morphologies all exhibited granular characteristics. With the Fe doping concentration increasing, the codoped films had smaller grain size and tended to be smoother. XRD analysis revealed that all films had a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The codoping can contribute to more Al and Fe ions entering the ZnO crystal structure, but result in the crystalline degree of the films decreasing. XPS results showed that the Al and Fe irons in the films exist in the form of trivalent. Moreover, the doped films had higher transmission, especially for codoped (Fe:Al = 3) film, but their absorption edge shifted to the short-wavelength direction.

scholarly journals An Insight into Chemistry and Structure of Colloidal 2D-WS2 Nanoflakes: Combined XPS and XRD Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1969
Author(s):  
Riccardo Scarfiello ◽  
Elisabetta Mazzotta ◽  
Davide Altamura ◽  
Concetta Nobile ◽  
Rosanna Mastria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Rational Understanding ◽  
Structural Inspection

The surface and structural characterization techniques of three atom-thick bi-dimensional 2D-WS2 colloidal nanocrystals cross the limit of bulk investigation, offering the possibility of simultaneous phase identification, structural-to-morphological evaluation, and surface chemical description. In the present study, we report a rational understanding based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and structural inspection of two kinds of dimensionally controllable 2D-WS2 colloidal nanoflakes (NFLs) generated with a surfactant assisted non-hydrolytic route. The qualitative and quantitative determination of 1T’ and 2H phases based on W 4f XPS signal components, together with the presence of two kinds of sulfur ions, S22− and S2−, based on S 2p signal and related to the formation of WS2 and WOxSy in a mixed oxygen-sulfur environment, are carefully reported and discussed for both nanocrystals breeds. The XPS results are used as an input for detailed X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis allowing for a clear discrimination of NFLs crystal habit, and an estimation of the exact number of atomic monolayers composing the 2D-WS2 nanocrystalline samples.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silica Particles Using Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Method

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Srecko Stopic ◽  
Felix Wenz ◽  
Tatjana-Volkov Husovic ◽  
Bernd Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Submicron Particles ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray

Silica has sparked strong interest in hydrometallurgy, catalysis, the cement industry, and paper coating. The synthesis of silica particles was performed at 900 °C using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method. Ideally, spherical particles are obtained in one horizontal reactor from an aerosol. The controlled synthesis of submicron particles of silica was reached by changing the concentration of precursor solution. The experimentally obtained particles were compared with theoretically calculated values of silica particles. The characterization was performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). X-ray diffraction, frequently abbreviated as XRD, was used to analyze the structure of obtained materials. The obtained silica by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis had an amorphous structure. In comparison to other methods such as sol–gel, acidic treatment, thermal decomposition, stirred bead milling, and high-pressure carbonation, the advantage of the ultrasonic spray method for preparation of nanosized silica controlled morphology is the simplicity of setting up individual process segments and changing their configuration, one-step continuous synthesis, and the possibility of synthesizing nanoparticles from various precursors.

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