scholarly journals Exploitation of Bacterial Activities in Mineral Industry and Environmental Preservation: An Overview

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. S. Seifelnassr ◽  
Abdel-Zaher M. Abouzeid
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Gold Ores ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Minerals Processing ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Made In

Since the identification and characterization of iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria in the 1940s, a rapid progress is being made in minerals engineering based on biological activities. Microorganisms can play a beneficial role in all facets of minerals processing, from mining to waste disposal and management. Some of the applications, such as biologically assisted leaching of copper sulfide ores, uranium ores, and biooxidation of refractory sulfide gold ores, are now established on the scale of commercial processes. A variety of other bioleaching opportunities exist for nickel, cobalt, cadmium, and zinc sulfide leaching. Recently, other uses of microorganisms are potentially possible. These include the bioleaching of nonsulfide ores, bioflotation, and bioflocculation of minerals, and bioremediation of toxic chemicals discharged from mineral engineering operations. These activities acquire considerable opportunities for further research and development in these areas. This paper is an attempt to provide a critical summary on the most important efforts in the area of bacterial activities in the mineral and mining industry.

scholarly journals Marine Alkaloids with Anti-Inflammatory Activity: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássio R. M. Souza ◽  
Wallace P. Bezerra ◽  
Janeusa T. Souto
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Marine Alkaloids ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Alkaloids are nitrogenous compounds with various biological activities. Alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activity are commonly found in terrestrial plants, but there are few records of the identification and characterization of the activity of these compounds in marine organisms such as fungi, bacteria, sponges, ascidians, and cnidarians. Seaweed are a source of several already elucidated bioactive compounds, but few studies have described and characterized the activity of seaweed alkaloids with anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, we have gathered the current knowledge about marine alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activity and suggest future perspectives for the study and bioprospecting of these compounds.

Estudo de Caso: Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais no Horto Florestal – Tote Garcia em Cuiabá – Mato Grosso

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Tafnys Hadassa da Cunha Ferreira ◽  
Léo Adriano Chig ◽  
Emerson Giuliano Palacio Favaro ◽  
José Maria de Andrade ◽  
Suize Silva Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Natural Resource Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maintenance Plan ◽  
Identification And Characterization

O Estudo de Impacto Ambiental busca maneiras e estabelece normas para o uso sustentável da utilização de recursos naturais. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os principais impactos ambientais no interior de uma unidade de conservação, visando indicar métodos que minimizem esses impactos. Foi realizada a identificação e caracterização dos impactos com dados qualitativos baseados na frequência, duração, extensão, reversibilidade, origem, sentido e grau que os impactos se manifesta sobre o meio dispostos em uma matriz de Leopold. Na avaliação se verificaram ações antrópicas que impactam, negativamente, o meio ambiente, como por exemplo: alargamento das trilhas, erosão, pisoteamento e supressão da vegetação, ausência de placas indicativas e acessibilidade, animais domésticos, resíduos sólidos e sedimentação ao longo do rio Coxipó. Um novo plano de manejo e de manutenção se faz necessário ao considerar que o objetivo da Unidade de Conservação é a preservação ambiental, existe muitos pontos a serem melhorados, como a reestruturação física, administrativa e planejamento.Palavras-chave: Áreas Protegidas. Reflorestamento. Preservação Ambiental.AbstractThe Environmental Impact Study seeks ways and standards for the sustainable use of natural resource use. This study aimed was to evaluate the main environmental impacts within a protected area, in order to indicate methods that minimize these impacts. The identification and characterization of impacts with qualitative data were performed based on the frequency, duration, extent, reversible origin, direction and extent that the impact on the environment manifests arranged in a Leopold matrix. In the evaluation human actions were verified that negatively impact the environment, such as: enlargement of the trails, erosion, trampling and removal of vegetation, lack of signposts and accessibility, domestic animals, solid waste and sedimentation along the Coxipó river. A new management and maintenance plan is necessary to consider that the purpose of the conservation area is environmental preservation, there are many points to be improved, such as physicaland administrative restructuring and planning.Keywords: Protected Areas. Reforestation. Environmental Conservation.

Overview of uraemic toxins

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griet Glorieux ◽  
Nathalie Neirynck ◽  
Anneleen Pletinck ◽  
Eva Schepers ◽  
Raymond Vanholder
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Organ Dysfunctions ◽  
Important Progress ◽  
Made In

The uraemic syndrome is a complex mixture of organ dysfunctions attributed to the retention of a multitude of compounds that under normal conditions are excreted by healthy kidneys. Although important progress has been made in the identification and characterization of uraemic retention solutes and in the revealing of their pathophysiological effects, this knowledge remains far from complete. Data are discussed on general characteristics of specific uraemic retention solutes, on in vitro and in vivo biological effects and on available observational and interventional studies with respect to their removal and related patient outcome are discussed.

Identificación y caracterización de bacterias acidolácticas aisladas de chorizos tradicionales elaborados en Castilla y León / Identification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional chorizo made in Castilla-León

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Santos ◽  
C. González-Fernández ◽  
I. Jaime ◽  
J. Rovira
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Curvatus ◽  
Lactobacillus Sake ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Minced Meat ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Made In

A total of 516 strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from chorizo made in Castilla-León (Spain) were characterized. Strains were isolated at three different stages: minced meat, half ripened chorizo and ripened chorizo. According to the Schillinger and Lücke classification, 355 strains (68.8%) were Lactobacillus sake, 85 strains (16.5%) were Lactobacillus curvatus, 32 strains (6.2%) belonged to the genus Pediococcus, and 44 strains which were not included in the previous species were grouped as Lactobacillus sp. Strains of L. sake and L. curvatus could be separated into four groups each, on the basis of fermentation of maltose and lactose. Group S1 (maltose-, lactose-négative L. sake) predominated (39.5%). Many strains of this group fermented the following carbohydrates: glucose, ribose, galactose, sucrose, melibiose and trehalose.

scholarly journals Identification of Cassava Varieties in Ex-Situ Collections and Global Farmer’s Fields: An Update from 1990 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Augusto Becerra Lopez-Lavalle ◽  
Adriana Bohorquez-Chaux ◽  
Xiaofei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Made In

The identification of cassava cultivars is important for understanding the crop’s production system, enabling crop improvement practitioners to design and deliver tailored solutions with which farmers can secure high yields and sustainable production. Across the lowland tropics today, a large number improved varieties and landraces of cassava are under cultivation, making it inefficient for breeders and geneticists to set improvement goals for the crop. The identification and characterization of cassava genotypes is currently based on either morphological characters or molecular features. The major aim of cultivar identification is to catalog the crop’s genetic diversity, but a consensus approach has still not been established. Of the two approaches to the identification of variety, morphological characters seem to account for most of the genetic variability reported in cassava. However, these characters must be treated with caution, as phenotypic changes can be due to environmental and climatic conditions as well as to the segregation of new highly heterozygous populations, thus, making the accurate identification of varieties difficult. The use of molecular markers has allowed researchers to establish accurate relationships between genotypes, and to measure and track their heterozygous status. Since the early 1990’s, molecular geneticists working with cassava have been developing and deploying DNA-based tools for the identification and characterization of landraces or improved varieties. Hence, in the last five years, economists and social scientists have adopted DNA-based variety identification to measure the adoption rates of varieties, and to support the legal protection of breeder’s rights. Despite the advances made in the deployment of molecular markers for cassava, multiple platform adoption, as well as their costs and variable throughput, has limited their use by practitioners of crop improvement of cassava. The post-genomic era has produced a large number of genome and transcriptome sequencing tools, and has increased our capacity to develop and deploy genome-based tools to account for the crop’s genetic variability by accurately measuring and tracking allele diversity. These technologies allow the creation of haplotype catalogs that can be widely shared across the cassava crop improvement community. Low-density genome-wide SNP markers might be the solution for the wide adoption of molecular tools for the identification of cultivars or varieties of cassava. In this review we survey the efforts made in the past 30 years to establish the tools for cultivar identification of cassava in farmer’s fields and gene banks. We also emphasize the need for a global picture of the genetic diversity of this crop, at its center of origin in South America.

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