scholarly journals Gastroprotective Effects of Lion’s Mane MushroomHericium erinaceus(Bull.:Fr.) Pers. (Aphyllophoromycetideae) Extract against Ethanol-Induced Ulcer in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Yang Wong ◽  
Mahmood Ameen Abdulla ◽  
Jegadeesh Raman ◽  
Chia-Wei Phan ◽  
Umah Rani Kuppusamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Gastric Wall ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Bax Protein ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

Hericium erinaceusis a famous tonic in oriental medicine. The gastroprotective effects of aqueous extract ofH. erinaceusagainst ethanol-induced ulcers inSprague Dawleyrats were investigated. The possible involvements of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were also investigated. Acute toxicity study was performed. The effects of aqueous extract ofH. erinaceuson the ulcer areas, ulcer inhibition, gastric wall mucus, gross and histological gastric lesions, antioxidant levels, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were evaluated in ethanol-induced ulcerin vivo. In acute toxicity study, a high dose of 5 g/kg did not manifest any toxicological signs in rats. The extract promoted ulcer protection as ascertained by a significant reduction of the ulcer area. Furthermore, it exhibited a significant protection activity against gastric mucosal injury by preventing the depletion of antioxidant enzymes. The level of MDA was also limited in rat stomach tissues when compared with the ulcer control group. Immunohistochemistry showed upregulation of HSP70 protein and downregulation of BAX protein in rats pretreated with the extract. The aqueous extract ofH. erinaceusprotected gastric mucosa in ourin vivomodel. It is speculated that the bioactive compounds present in the extract may play a major role in gastroprotective activity.

In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Withania coagulans extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejas Patel ◽  
B.N. Suhagia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Withania Coagulans ◽  
Study Results

Background: Diabetes mellitus is major issue to public health as its prevalence is rising day by day. Synthetic agents available for the diabetic treatment are expensive or produce undesirable side effect on chronic use and some of them are not suitable during pregnancy. Herbal medicines accepted widely due to side effects and low cost. Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate the activity of Withania coagulans extract using In-vitro and In-vivo model. Methods: Different three types of Withania coagulans extract were prepared using aqueous (W1), Alcohol (W2) and hydro-alcoholic (50:50) mixture (W3). In-vitro Anti-diabetic activity of the all three extracts evaluated using RINm5F Pancreatic beta cells.Further, n-vivo anti-diabetic evaluation performed by administering 50 mg/kg (p.o) aqueous extract for 7 days in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice. Body weight of the animals was also determined to perform acute toxicity study. Results: The results of in –vitro cell based study indicated that among all three extract, aqueous extract (W1) of Withania coagulans showed potential increase in inulin release. The EC50 of the W1 (249.6 µg/L) which is compared with standard (Glibenclamide) EC50. From the results of In-vitro study, W1 subjected for acute toxicity study and the acute toxicity study results indicated LD50 of 50mg/kg. Diabetic rats treated with W1 extract at oral dose of 50 mg/kg for 7 days showed 34.17% reduction in blood glucose in comparison to untreated diabetic (STZ-induced) rats. Blood glucose levels of Standard treated (Glibenclamide) and control untreated. Conclusion: In conclusion, results of pancreatic beta cell based study showed increase in insulin release by administration of extract. Further aqueous extract (W1) was potentially reduced blood glucose level in STZ induced diabetic mice.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity Study of Standardized Mitragyna speciosa Korth Aqueous Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Saleh Ahmad Kamal ◽  
Ahmad Rohi Ghazali ◽  
Noral ‘Ashikin Yahya ◽  
Mohd Isa Wasiman ◽  
Zakiah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals In vivo antiplasmodial potential of aqueous seed extract of Ricinus communis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Peace ME. Ubulom ◽  
Ette O. Ettebong ◽  
Edidiong J. Udofia ◽  
Rachel S Inyang Etuk
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

Introduction: Ricinus communis is used by the people of Niger-Delta region of Nigeria, for the treatment of various ailments, especially malaria. This study evaluated the antiplasmodial potentials of the aqueous seed extract of R. communis, using Plasmodium berghei berghei. Methods: Acute toxicity study was carried out to determine the median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract. Antiplasmodial effect of the extract was assessed in suppressive, repository/ prophylactic and curative models, using Swiss albino mice (15-29 g). Mice were infected intraperitoneally with 0.2 mL of parasitized blood. Extract doses administered were 54.77, 109.54 and 164.32 mg/kg/d of the seed extract and each dose had 6 replicates. Artesunate (5 mg/kg/d) and pyrimethamine (1.2 mg/kg/d) were used as standard drugs, while distilled water (10 mL/kg/d) served as control. Results: Acute toxicity study produced LD50 of 547.72 mg/kg. The extract demonstrated a dosedependent reduction in parasitaemia in all tests. At the end of 4-day test, suppressive effect of 20.80, 49.00, 75.00 and 88.40% were obtained for doses 54.77, 109.54 and 164.32 mg/kg/d of the seed extract and artesunate, respectively. In the repository test pyrimethamine was more potent (72.26%) than the seed extract (9.47%–51.42%). The extract also exhibited appreciable curative effect. The activity of the seed extract was significant when compared with the control (P < 0.05). Mice treated with the seed extract and drugs survived for longer duration than the control group. Conclusion: The aqueous seed extract of R. communis has antiplasmodial potential and its active principle should be elucidated and further investigated to help in the ongoing fight against malaria.

scholarly journals Acute toxicity study of Aspidopterys obcordata aqueous extract in Sprague-Dawley rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yihang ◽  
Li Guang ◽  
Song Meifang ◽  
Li Xuelan ◽  
Zhan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals AN ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERFERON αA (LBD-007) IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (SupplementII) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung-Chin KIM ◽  
Boo-Hyon KANG ◽  
Chang-Su HA ◽  
Sang-Seop HAN ◽  
Jung-Koo ROH
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Human Interferon ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Sub-acute toxicity study on the aqueous extract of Albizia zygia stem bark

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen O. Okpo ◽  
Clare O. Igwealor ◽  
Gerald I. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

scholarly journals Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study ofEuphorbia hirtaL. Methanol Extract in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan Yuet Ping ◽  
Ibrahim Darah ◽  
Yeng Chen ◽  
Subramaniam Sreeramanan ◽  
Sreenivasan Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

DespiteEuphorbia hirtaL. ethnomedicinal benefits, very few studies have described the potential toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thein vivotoxicity of methanolic extracts ofE. hirta. The acute and subchronic oral toxicity ofE. hirtawas evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats. The extract at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg did not produce treatment related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the animals tested during the 14-day observation period. Therefore, the LD 50 of this plant was estimated to be more than 5000 mg/kg. In the repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study, the administration of 50 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg/day ofE. hirtaextract per body weight revealed no significant difference (P>0.05) in food and water consumptions, body weight change, haematological and biochemical parameters, relative organ weights, and gross findings compared to the control group. Macropathology and histopathology examinations of all organs including the liver did not reveal morphological alteration. Analyses of these results with the information of signs, behaviour, and health monitoring could lead to the conclusion that the long-term oral administration ofE. hirtaextract for 90 days does not cause sub-chronic toxicity.

scholarly journals Doxorubicin-induced myocardial failure in rats with malignant neoplasm: Protective role of fullerenol C60(OH)24

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Injac ◽  
Aleksandar Djordjevic ◽  
Borut Strukelj
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Damage

The therapeutic utility of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin is limited due to its cardiotoxicity. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of fullerenol C60(OH)24 in preventing single, high-dose doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats with malignant neoplasm. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that fullerenol C60(OH)24, has strong antioxidative potential. Experiment was performed on adult female Sprague Dawley rats with chemically induced mammary carcinomas. All 32 rats (2-5 groups) received i.p. applications of 1-methyl-l-nitrosourea (MNU; 50 mg/kg body weight) on the 50th and 113th day of age. Animals were randomly divided into five groups as follows: (1) Untreated control group - rats received saline only; (2) Cancer control group - rats received MNU and saline; (3) Dox group - rats received MNU and Dox 8 mg/kg; (4) Full/Dox group -rats received MNU and Full 100 mg/kg 30 min before Dox 8 mg/kg; (5) Full group - rats received MNU and Full 100 mg/kg. Tumor incidence was 4.94 +- 0.576 per rat. The animals were sacrificed 2 days after the application of doxorubicin and/or fullerenol, and the serum activities of CK, LDH and ?-HBDH, as well as the levels of MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH-Px, SOD, CAT, GR and TAS in the heart, were determined. The results obtained from the enzymatic activity in the serum show that the administration of a single dose of 8 mg/kg in all treated groups induces statistically significant damage. There are significant changes in the enzymes of LDH and CK (p < 0.05), after an i.p. administration of doxorubicin/fullerenol and fullerenol. Comparing all groups with untreated control group, point to the conclusion that in the case of a lower oc-HBDH/LDH ratio, results in more serious the liver parenchymal damage. The results revealed that doxorubicin induced oxidative damage and that the fullerenol antioxidative influence caused significant changes in MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH-Px, SOD, CAT, GR and TAS level in the heart (p < 0.05). Ultra structural analysis of heart tissues from rats treated with doxorubicin and indicated that the hearts of the rats were protected from doxorubicin-induced subcellular damage. Doxorubicin/fullerenol rats did not appear to show significant cardiac damage although occasional focal loss of cristae in the mitochondria was observed. Therefore, it is suggested that fullerenol might be a potential cardioprotector in doxorubicin-treated individuals.

scholarly journals Aqueous Extract of Perilla frutescens var. acuta Relaxes the Ciliary Smooth Muscle by Increasing NO/cGMP Content In Vitro and In Vivo

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyong Kim ◽  
Huwon Kang ◽  
Hakjoon Choi ◽  
Ara Jo ◽  
Dooi-Ri Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Ciliary Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Eye Fatigue ◽  
Freeze Dried

The leaves of Perilla frutescens var. acuta (PFA) are commonly used as a traditional medicine in Korea, Japan, and China. We previously showed that PFA attenuates eye fatigue by improving visual accommodation through a clinical study. However, detailed mechanisms and chemical compounds have not been studied. In this study, we analyzed the active compounds in an aqueous extract of PFA involved in ciliary muscle relaxation in vitro and in vivo. NMR and MS analyses showed that the PFA extract contained mainly luteolin-7-O-diglucuronide and apigenin-7-O-diglucuronide. The composition after freeze-drying and spray-drying was similar. Freeze-dried PFA (50 µg/mL, 100 µg/mL, and 200 µg/mL) increased nitric oxide and cGMP levels in ciliary muscle cells isolated from the eyes of rats. [Ca2+]i decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Sprague-Dawley rats treated with freeze-dried PFA (200 mg/kg, orally) showed significantly increased cGMP levels compared with the control group and irradiated with white light. Our results suggest that PFA extract has the potential to reduce eye fatigue by relaxing ciliary muscles.

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