scholarly journals Estrogen Inhibits Colon Polyp Formation by Reducing Angiogenesis in a Carcinogen-Induced Rat Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Yang ◽  
Li-juan Xiong ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Colon Polyp ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colon Polyps ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Polyp Formation ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Objective.To study the effects of estrogen on colon polyp formation, proliferation, and angiogenesis on a rat model of colon cancer induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH).Methods.Thirty-six female ovariectomized (OVX) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: (I) control group (administrated with vehicles weekly), (II) DMH group (administrated with DMH weekly), and (III) DMH + E2group (administrated with DMH and 17β-estradiol weekly). The incidence, volumes, and multiplicity of colon polyps in each group were evaluated. The microvessel density (MVD), the expressions of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), and the expressions of HIF-1αand VEGF in polyps were detected in each group.Results.Estrogen reduced the multiplicity, volumes, and the PCNA expressions of DMH-induced colon polyps. The MVD in DMH + E2group was significantly lower than that in DMH group. Estrogen treatment decreased the HIF-1αand VEGF expressions at both mRNA and protein level.Conclusion.Estrogen replacement was protective for ovariectomized rats from DMH-induced carcinogenesis, and one of the mechanisms for this was due to estrogen’s inhibitive effects on blood vessel formation by downregulating VEGF and HIF-1αexpressions.

scholarly journals Retinoic Acid Reduces Glomerular Injury in a Rat Model of Glomerular Damage

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1479-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÜRGEN WAGNER ◽  
CLAUDIUS DECHOW ◽  
CHRISTIAN MORATH ◽  
INGO LEHRKE ◽  
KERSTIN AMANN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glomerular Injury ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Vehicle Treated Group ◽  
Glomerular Damage

Abstract.In the reaction of kidneys to injury, cytokine-driven proliferation plays an important role and precedes the development of glomerulosclerosis. There is great interest in agents that may interfere with such proliferation. Therefore, a rat model of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (induced by anti-Thy1.1) was studied, and the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (all-trans-RA) and isotretinoin, powerful antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory substances, on glomerular damage and cell proliferation were examined. Vehicle-injected control rats were compared with rats treated with daily subcutaneous injections of 10 mg/kg body wt all-trans-RA or 40 mg/kg body wt isotretinoin (n= 9 to 11 per group), using either a pretreatment (days -2 through 8) or posttreatment (days +3 through +8) protocol,i.e., starting before or after the induction of anti-Thy1.1 nephritis, respectively. All-trans-RA prevented the BP increase evoked by anti-Thy1.1 (anti-Thy1.1/vehicle, 112.2 ± 4.8 mmHg; anti-Thy1.1/RA, 87.5 ± 2.5 mmHg;P< 0.001). Treatment with all-trans-RA or isotretinoin produced a 70% decrease in the urinary albumin excretion rate (P< 0.02). Periodic acid-Schiff staining of saline-perfused kidneys (day 8) revealed significantly fewer glomerular cells in RA-treated nephritic rats (anti-Thy1.1/vehicle, 97 ± 3.1 cells/glomerulus; anti-Thy1.1/RA, 80 ± 4.4;P< 0.02; control/vehicle, 69 ± 1.2). No difference was observed between all-trans-RA and isotretinoin treatment. The capillary occlusion scores were significantly lower for the anti-Thy1.1/RA-treated group (1.9 ± 0.1) than for the anti-Thy1.1/vehicle-treated group (2.9 ± 0.5,P< 0.001). In the anti-Thy1.1/vehicle-treated group, 11.9 ± 1.1 glomerular cells were proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive; however, in the anti-Thy1.1/RA-treated group, only 5.3 ± 0.8 cells were proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive (P< 0.002; control, 2.2 ± 0.2). Glomerular mitoses were reduced by 67% in the anti-Thy1.1/RA-treated group, compared with the anti-Thy1.1/control group (P< 0.002). Glomerular staining for platelet-derived growth factor B-chain was significantly reduced in anti-Thy1.1-treated nephritic rats in the presence of isotretinoin or all-trans-RA, compared with the vehicle-treated group (P< 0.001). It is concluded that all-trans-RA limits glomerular proliferation, glomerular lesions, and albuminuria in an established model of renal damage. The findings point to retinoids as potential novel modulators of glomerular injury.

scholarly journals Camelina Oil Supplementation Improves Bone Parameters in Ovariectomized Rats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Iwona Puzio ◽  
Dorota Graboś ◽  
Marek Bieńko ◽  
Radosław P. Radzki ◽  
Aneta Nowakiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Camelina Oil ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Ovx Rats

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of administration of Camelina sativa oil (CO) as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on bone parameters in ovariectomized rats (OVX). Overall, 40 10-week-old healthy female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups with 10 animals in each. Rats in the control group (SHO) were subjected to a sham operation, whereas experimental rats (OVX) were ovariectomized. After a 7-day recovery period, the SHO the rats received orally 1 mL of physiological saline for the next 6 weeks. The OVX rats received orally 1 mL of physiological saline (OVX-PhS), 5 g/kg BW (OVX-CO5), or 9 g/kg BW (OVX-CO9) of camelina oil. The use of camelina oil had a significant effect on body weight, lean mass, and fat mass. The camelina oil administration suppressed the decrease in the values of some densitometric, tomographic, and mechanical parameters of femur caused by estrogen deficiency. The CO treatment increased significantly the serum level of osteocalcin and decreased the serum level of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen in the OVX rats. In conclusion, camelina oil exerts a positive osteotropic effect by inhibiting ovariectomy-induced adverse changes in bones. Camelina oil supplementation can be used as an efficient method for improving bone health in a disturbed state. However, further research must be carried out on other animal species supplemented with the oil.

scholarly journals Valsartan Reduces Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Ovariectomized Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-371
Author(s):  
Hong Ding ◽  
Ning-ying Li ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Pan-pan Zhang ◽  
Jing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Sham Control ◽  
Ovx Rats

Abstract Objective To investigate the effects of valsartan on left ventricular mass, function, and oxidative stress in ovariectomized spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods Twelve-week-old female SHRs were randomly divided into ovariectomy (OVX) control (n = 12), OVX + valsartan (n = 12), sham control (Sham, n = 13), and Sham + valsartan (n = 14) groups. Valsartan (30 mg/kg/day) or double-distilled water was given by oral gavage. After 12 weeks of valsartan or water treatment, left ventricular wall thickness and function, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were assessed. Results There was a significant interaction between ovariectomy and valsartan on interventricular end-diastolic septum thickness (IVSTd), end-systolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSTs), left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness (LVPWTd), and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (P &lt; 0.05). Valsartan treatment in OVX rats decreased IVSTd, IVSTs, LVPWTd, and LVPWTs compared to OVX control (P &lt; 0.05). Compared with Sham + control group, LVESP and ±dP/dt of LV were decreased while LVEDP was increased in OVX + control group (all P &lt; 0.05). After valsartan treatment, LVESP and ±dP/dt of LV were increased and LVEDP was decreased in ovariectomized rats (all P &lt; 0.05). Ovariectomy decreased GSH and SOD levels and increased 8-OHdG levels, which were reversed by valsartan treatment (all P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion Valsartan treatment decreases oxidative stress, reduces LV hypertrophy, and improves cardiac function in overiectomized SHR.

scholarly journals Effects of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)-δ Agonist GW501516 on Bone and Muscle in Ovariectomized Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 2178-2189 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Mosti ◽  
A. K. Stunes ◽  
M. Ericsson ◽  
H. Pullisaar ◽  
J. E. Reseland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Muscle Morphology ◽  
Ovx Rats

Estrogen deficiency promotes bone loss and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have 3 subtypes (α, δ, and γ). PPARγ agonists induce bone loss, whereas PPARα agonists increase bone mass. Although PPARδ agonists are known to influence skeletal muscle metabolism, the skeletal effects are unsettled. This study investigated the musculoskeletal effects of the PPARδ agonist GW501516 in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats, 12 weeks of age, were allocated to a sham-operated group and 3 OVX groups; high-dose GW501516 (OVX-GW5), low-dose GW501516 (OVX-GW1), and a control group (OVX-CTR), respectively (n = 12 per group). Animals received GW501516 or vehicle (methylcellulose) daily for 4 months by gavage. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry at the femur, spine, and whole body. Bone microarchitecture at the proximal tibia was assessed by microcomputed tomography, and dynamic histomorphometry was performed. Quadriceps muscle morphology and the relative expression of mitochondrial proteins were analyzed. Bone metabolism markers and metabolic markers were measured in plasma. After 4 months, the OVX-GW5 group displayed lower femoral BMD than OVX-CTR. Trabecular separation was higher in the GW-treated groups, compared with OVX-CTR. The OVX-GW5 group also exhibited lower cortical area fraction and a higher structure model index than OVX-CTR. These effects coincided with impaired bone formation in both GW groups. The OVX-GW5 group displayed elevated triglyceride levels and reduced adiponectin levels, whereas no effects on muscle morphology or mitochondrial gene expression appeared. In summary, the PPARδ agonist GW501516 negatively affected bone properties in OVX rats, whereas no effects were detected in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Effect of the aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Lemos Silva ◽  
Gustavo Barreto de Melo ◽  
Valdinaldo Aragão de Melo ◽  
Ângelo Roberto Antoniolli ◽  
Paulo Roberto Teixeira Michellone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Hepatic Regeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sida Cordifolia ◽  
Proliferating Cell

PURPOSE: The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of human diseases has increased worldwide. Many of them are used by oral administration and, after absorption, may affect many organs. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the effects of the aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia leaves, popularly known in Brazil as "malva-branca", on liver regeneration. METHODS: Twenty rats were divided into four groups: control, Sida100, Sida200 and Sida400 groups. All animals were submitted to oral administration of distilled water, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia, respectively. Immediately after this, they underwent 67% partial hepatectomy. Twenty four hours later, their livers were removed. Hepatic regeneration was assessed by immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) using the PC-10 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: Sida100 and Sida200 groups disclosed higher liver regeneration indices than control group (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: The aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia stimulates liver regeneration after 67% partial hepatectomy in rats.

scholarly journals Anti-Proliferative Effects of HBX-5 on Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Ram Jin ◽  
Hyo-Jung Kim ◽  
Sang-Kyun Park ◽  
Myoung-Seok Kim ◽  
Kwang-Ho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Androgenic Hormone ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an age-dependent disorder with a prevalence percentage of 60% in the 60s, has been found to involve an androgenic hormone imbalance that causes confusion between cell apoptosis and proliferation. Because general medications for BPH treatment have undesirable side effects, the development of effective alternative medicines has been considered. HBX-5 is a newly developed formula with the aim of improving BPH, and is composed of nine medicinal herbs. BPH was induced in the rats by intramuscular injection of testosterone propionate after castration. Rats were divided into six groups, and the efficacy of HBX-5 on testosterone-induced BPH in rats was estimated. In addition, RWPE-1 and WPMY-1 cells were used to demonstrate the effect of HBX-5 on BPH in vitro model. Compared with the control group, HBX-5 administration group suppressed BPH manifestations, such as excessive development of prostate, and increase of serum dihydrotestosterone and 5α-reductase concentrations. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that HBX-5 significantly decreased the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). In addition, results of RWPE-1 and WPMY-1 cells showed that HBX-5 inhibited the over-expression of AR and PSA in DHT-induced prostate hyperplastic microenvironments.

scholarly journals Estrogenic effects of silymarin in ovariectomized rats 

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kummer ◽  
J. Mašková ◽  
J. Čanderle ◽  
Z. Zralý ◽  
J. Neča ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Negative Controls

The objective of this study was to test whether silymarin induces changes indicative of estrogenic effects in gonadal organs of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Silymarin was administered in two experimental groups of OVX rats (n&nbsp;= 7 + 7) for 30 days at the doses of 25 or 50 mg per animal per day. OVX rats (n&nbsp;= 7) receiving 5&nbsp;&micro;g of 17b-estradiol (E2) for the last three days before killing and untreated OVX rats (n&nbsp;= 7) were used as the positive and the negative controls, respectively. Uterine and blood samples were collected immediately after killing. Compared with the negative controls, total and normalized uterine weights were significantly higher in the two experimental groups (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.01 and&nbsp;P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05, respectively). Uterotrophic effects of silymarin were also evident from increased heights of the luminal epithelium (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.01) and the endometrium (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.05). The response was dose-independent within the tested range. The strongest uterine response was observed in the OVX rats treated with E2. A highly significant decrease in mean density of estrogen receptor (ERa) immunostaining in the luminal and the glandular endometrial epithelia (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.01) and a stronger ERa immunostaining in stromal cells were observed in the two experimental and the positive control groups. The activities of alkaline and acid phosphatases were significantly increased in the luminal (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.05) and the glandular (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.01) epithelia only in the rats treated with E2. Both silymarin and E2&nbsp;induced an increase in thyroid hormone concentrations in blood serum. The rises of free T3&nbsp;and T4&nbsp;were significant (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.05) in the group receiving 50 mg of silymarin per day. Hepatic oxidative metabolism of steroids was assumed to be another target of the action of silymarin. The mitochondrial cytochrome&nbsp;P450-dependent testosterone hydroxylase activity and the cytochrome&nbsp;P4501A-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity were significantly increased (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.05) in the group receiving 50&nbsp;mg of silymarin per day and in the E2-treated control group, respectively. However, the modulations of the CYP enzymes played only a minor role in the overall estrogenic effect of silymarin. Histological and functional alterations in the OVX rats treated orally with silymarin for 30 days were consistent with those seen in E2-treated rats and were indicative of estrogenic effects of silymarin.

Effects of resistance training and estrogen replacement on adipose tissue inflammation in ovariectomized rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Cury Rodrigues ◽  
Fabiano Candido Ferreira ◽  
Natália Santanielo Silva-Magosso ◽  
Marina Rodrigues Barbosa ◽  
Markus Vinicius Campos Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

Estrogen deficiency is directly related to central obesity and low-grade inflammation. Hormonal replacement and exercise training are both able to decrease fat accumulation and inflammation in postmenopausal women. However, the efficiency of resistance training (RT) and estrogen replacement (ER) in minimizing adiposity and inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of ovariectomized (OVX) rats has not yet been elucidated. In this study, Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into the following 6 groups: sham-operated sedentary (Sham-Sed), OVX-Sed, Sham-RT, OVX-RT, OVX-Sed-ER, and OVX-RT-ER groups. ER was performed by implanting silastic capsules containing 17β-estradiol. For RT, the animals were required to climb a 1.1-m vertical ladder with conical flasks containing weights attached to their tails for 12 weeks. Histological analyses were used to evaluate morphological changes. Gene expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and protein concentrations were determined using Multiplex/Luminex assays. Ovariectomy increased the body mass (BM), adipocyte area, and inflammation in the VAT, the latter of which was indicated by reduced interleukin-10 (48%) and increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentration (∼3%). RT efficiently decreased BM, adipocyte area, and inflammation in the OVX groups. The combination of RT and ER decreased BM (19%) and the TNF-α concentration (18%) and increased the gene and protein expression levels of adiponectin (173% and 18%). These results indicate that RT and the combination of RT and ER are efficient strategies for reducing the BM and improving the inflammatory status of OVX rats.

scholarly journals Estrogen Inhibits Colon Polyp Formation in a Benzo(a)Pyrene‐Induced Colon Cancer Rat Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Harris ◽  
James Amos‐Landgraf ◽  
Anthony E. Archibong ◽  
Samuel E. Adunyah ◽  
Aramandla Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Colon Polyp ◽  
Polyp Formation

scholarly journals Red wine polyphenols modulate bone loss in the ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 1541
Author(s):  
C. PASSALI ◽  
A. PATSAKI ◽  
P. LELOVAS ◽  
N. ALIGIANNIS ◽  
M. MAKROPOULOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Trabecular Bone Loss ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Red Wine Polyphenols (RWPs) extract on bone mineral density (BMD) in the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. Thirty-five 10-month-old Wistar rats were separated into controls (CTRL), OVX and OVX plus RWPs in their drinking water (dose, 50 mg/kg body weight per day), starting immediately after OVX for 6 months. Βody and uterine weight, BMD of the tibia at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-OVX, and 3-pointing bending of the femur, were examined. Statistical comparison of the total tibia BMD within groups during the study period showed a significant reduction in the OVX and OVX+RWPs groups both from baseline to 3 and 6 months and from 3 to 6 months, whereas in the CTRL group, there was no significant change. For the proximal tibial metaphysis, comparison of BMD percentage changes from baseline to 3 months and 6 months and from 3 to 6 months revealed highly statistical differences between OVX and OVX+RWPs groups (P = 0.000). OVX induced a significant reduction of biomechanical parameters as expected; the 3-point bending test showed that the maximum force before fracture, energy absorption and fracture stress significantly increased in the OVX group treated with RWPs compared with the nontreated OVX rats (P = 0.048, P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). Dietary intake of RWPs for 6 months significantly prevented trabecular bone loss and improved bone strength in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized rats.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document