scholarly journals Determinants of Oxygen Therapy in Childhood Pneumonia in a Resource-Constrained Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bankole Peter Kuti ◽  
Samuel Ademola Adegoke ◽  
Benard E. Ebruke ◽  
Stephen Howie ◽  
Oyeku Akibu Oyelami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Childhood Pneumonia ◽  
Oxygen Administration ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Head Nodding ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
The World

Childhood pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among underfives particularly in the resource-constraint part of the world. A high proportion of these deaths are due to lack of oxygen, thereby making oxygen administration a life-saving adjunctive when indicated. However, many primary health centres that manage most of the cases often lack the adequate manpower and facilities to decide which patient should be on oxygen therapy. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors that predict hypoxaemia at presentation in children with severe pneumonia. Four hundred and twenty children aged from 2 to 59 months (40% infants) with severe pneumonia admitted to a health centre in rural Gambia were assessed at presentation. Eighty-one of them (19.30%) had hypoxaemia (oxygen saturation < 90%). Children aged 2–11 months, with grunting respiration, cyanosis, and head nodding, and those with cardiomegaly on chest radiograph were at higher risk of hypoxaemia (P<0.05). Grunting respiration (OR=5.210, 95% CI 2.287–7.482) and cyanosis (OR=83.200, 95% CI 5.248–355.111) were independent predictors of hypoxaemia in childhood pneumonia. We conclude that children that grunt and are centrally cyanosed should be preferentially commenced on oxygen therapy even when there is no facility to confirm hypoxaemia.

scholarly journals Serum Micronutrients as related to Childhood Pneumonia Severity and Outcome in a Nigerian Health Facility

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 953-961
Author(s):  
Bankole Peter Kuti ◽  
Hammed Hassan Adetola ◽  
Oyeku Akibu Oyelami
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Pneumonia Severity ◽  
Childhood Pneumonia ◽  
Nigerian Children ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Low Serum

Introduction: Micronutrients are essential minerals and vitamins needed for optimal health. There are however conflicting reports about the roles of micronutrients in severity and outcomes of childhood pneumonia. This study aims to determine the socio-demographic and serum micronutrients – Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Vitamins (Vit) A, C and E status of Nigerian children with or without pneumonia and relate these to pneumonia severity and outcome. Methodology: Children aged two months to 14 years with severe and non-severe pneumonia were recruited with age and sex-matched controls over 12 month period in a Nigerian tertiary health centre. Relevant history and serum micronutrients were compared in the two groups and related to pneumonia severity and length of hospitalisation (LOH). Results: One hundred and forty-four children (72 for each group) were recruited with median (IQR) age 1.6 (0.6 – 4.0) years and fifty-six (38.8%) had severe pneumonia. Pneumonia incidence was associated with undernutrition, inappropriate immunisation and Zn deficiency (p < 0.05). Hypovitaminosis A [60.8(22.2)µg/dl vs. 89.5(34.7)µg/dl; p < 0.001], low serum Zn [71.6(32.5)µg/dl vs. 92.6(24.6)µg/dl; p=0.019] and indoor air pollution (IAP) were associated with pneumonia severity. However, only IAP (OR = 4.529; 95%CI 1.187–17.284; p=0.027) and Zn deficiency (OR=6.144; 95%CI 1.157–32.617; p=0.033) independently predicted severe pneumonia. No significant correlation between serum micronutrients and LOH. Conclusions: Exposure to IAP and low serum micronutrients particularly Zn and Vit A were associated with pneumonia incidence and severity in Nigerian children. Routine micronutrient supplementation may assist to reduce the burden of childhood pneumonia in developing countries.

scholarly journals Assessment of primary health centres of a district in North Karnataka according to Indian Public Health Standards 2012 guidelines: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4731
Author(s):  
Shrinivas K. Patil ◽  
Shivaswamy M. S.
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Preventive Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Building Area

Background: Primary health centre (PHC) is a basic health unit to provide an integrated curative and preventive health care to the rural population as close to the people as possible, with emphasis on preventive and promotive aspects of health care.Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in Belagavi district of Karnataka in India. Twenty PHCs, two PHCs from each of the 10 talukas of Belagavi district were selected by simple random sampling. The study period was from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2014. Data was collected using a predesigned and structured questionnaire for IPHS facility survey.Results: In this study, only 60% of primary health centres covered the population as per the IPHS norms. All the PHCs were providing the regular outpatient department (OPD) services, referral services, antenatal care, family planning and in-patient services. Bed occupancy rate was less than 40% in 55% of PHCs. Building area in 75% of PHCs were inadequate according to IPHS norms. Residential facility for staff was available only in half of the studied PHCs.Conclusions: IPHS guidelines were not fully being followed at PHC level in the district. Though the requirement of medical officers and pharmacists was fulfilled in almost all the PHCs, deficiency was seen in the appointing of Ayush doctors and staff nurses at PHCs. There is an urgent need of recruiting the deficient staff for efficient functioning of the PHCs.

scholarly journals Primary Health Care for Aboriginal Australian Women in Remote Communities after a Pregnancy with Hyperglycaemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wood ◽  
Diana MacKay ◽  
Dana Fitzsimmons ◽  
Ruth Derkenne ◽  
Renae Kirkham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Hyperglycaemia in pregnancy contributes to adverse outcomes for women and their children. The postpartum period is an opportune time to support women to reduce cardiometabolic and diabetes risk in subsequent pregnancies. Aims: To identify strengths and gaps in current care for Aboriginal women after a pregnancy complicated by hyperglycaemia. Methods: A retrospective review of the 12 month postpartum care provided by primary health centres in remote Australia in 2013–2014 identified 195 women who experienced hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (gestational diabetes (GDM) (n = 147), type 2 diabetes (T2D) (n = 39), and unclear diabetes status (n = 9)). Results: Only 80 women (54%) with GDM had postpartum glycaemic checks. Of these, 32 women were diagnosed with prediabetes (n = 24) or diabetes (n = 8). Compared to women with GDM, women with T2D were more likely to have their weight measured (75% vs. 52%, p <0.01), and smoking status documented as “discussed” (65% vs. 34%, p < 0.01). Most women (97%) accessed the health centre at least once in the 12 month postpartum period but, during these visits, only 52% of women had service provision, either structured or opportunistic, related to diabetes. Conclusion: High rates of dysglycaemia among women screened for T2D after GDM in the 12 month postpartum period highlight the need for increased screening and early intervention to prevent the development of T2D and its complications. Whilst a clear strength was high postpartum attendance, many women did not attend health services for diabetes screening or management.

scholarly journals A qualitative study of primary care physicians’ perceptions and experiences on iron-folic acid consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Ankur Joshi ◽  
Surya Bali ◽  
Saket Kale ◽  
Sharad Tiwari ◽  
Viswanath Arutagi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Central India ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
Iron Folic Acid

Background: A primary health centre (PHC) physician, because of his physician-provider interaction at community level and legitimate capacity to deliver and monitor health services, serves as an ideal candidate to understand the specific health/ health program related issues. Methods: This community based qualitative study was conducted in selected clusters of state of Madhya Pradesh (central India) identified through multileveled stratification. The physicians serving in primary health centres from the selected clusters were in depth interviewed through topic guides based upon conceptual construct. The data obtained through in-depth interviews was utilized for thematic framework and linkage association. Results: Two major interrelated themes emerged from the convergence of the user related and system related subthemes. The first major theme is “distorted perceptions reinforced by unpleasant encounters” which is constructed from the convergence of user concerns. The theme “system resistance and resource constraints” is assembled from convergence of system issues. Conclusions: On a policy perspective, all the attempts should be made to break the misconception around IFA supplementation and to augment the feeling of ownership in the community. 

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Covid 19 in Third Trimester Pregnancy at Mayong II Jepara Community Health Centre Central Java 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Nasriyah Nasriyah ◽  
Islami Islami ◽  
Nor Asiyah
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The World

Covid-19 is a virus that spreads very quickly in the world community, including Indonesia. Incidence of Covid-19 is very high and the transmission is very fast so that it has become a pandemic in the world. Corona virus is characterized by several symptoms, such as fever, cough and shortness of breath. In severe conditions, this viral infection can cause acute respiratory failure, severe pneumonia (lung infection), pulmonary edema, failure of body organs, and even death. The incidence of Covid-19 infection in pregnancy is increasing, therefore pregnant women are extra careful in maintaining their pregnancy. This study aims to determine the prevalence of third trimester in pregnant women who confirmed by Covid-19 at the Mayong II Jepara Community Health Center. The research method used a descriptive study with a population of all pregnant women who were examined at the Mayong II Jepara Community Health Center in 2020. The research subjects were 80 respondent third trimester pregnant women during September-December 2020 by Polymerase Chain Reaction. The results showed that 80 respondents who carried out the PCR Swab, there were 7 respondents  an average age of 20-28 years who were confirmed as Covid-19. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary for pregnant women to continued to carry out health protocols. Pregnant women who are confirmed Covid-19 are expected to carry out self isolation and if severe symptoms arise, they should contact medical physician. As a medical physician, they were to monitor pregnant women who have confirmed Covid-19 and giving treatment quickly  in the event of complications related to pregnancy.

scholarly journals Prospects of diabetes registry and standard care at primary health facilities in Nigeria: experiential note

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Pleasant C. Ndubueze ◽  
Eunice O. Igumbor ◽  
Otovwe Agofure ◽  
Anthonia C. Okwelum ◽  
Prince C. Ozuem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Diabetes Registry ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Diabetes Register ◽  
Primary Health Facilities

Background: As part of the series to advance diabetes register, the aim of this piece of the project was to evaluate the development of a diabetes register at primary healthcare (PHC) level in Delta State Nigeria. This is with a view to determine the PHC capacity for diabetes services.Methods: This clinical observational study was carried out in Novena University health centre in Ukwani Local Government Area and Ogume primary health centre in Ndokwa West Local Government Area, Delta State. A community-based screening was carried out in three communities of Amai, Ezionum and Ogume in July to September 2018, after which a diabetes registers were developed in Novena University health and Ogume primary health centres. Cases of probable diabetes were identified during screening and entered into the diabetes register being developed, which formed the sampled population (n=42). The data were analysed using Microsoft Excel Data Analysis ToolPak 2010.Results: Glucometer, stethoscope and sphygmomanometer were the most available equipment at the two facilities. Medical records of patients were incomplete with 81% missing home addresses and 62% did not have phone numbers. Others records such as date of entry, height, weight and type of diabetes were not recorded. The study also showed 35% prevalence of hypertension in diabetes cases.Conclusions: There is capacity to run diabetes screening and service clinic at the primary healthcare levels, but the limitation was incomplete patient information in the medical records. In development of a diabetes registry at the primary healthcare level, the study recommends comprehensive patients’ documentation during screening and routine medical check-up. 

scholarly journals Patient satisfaction and waiting times in the primary health centres of South Chennai

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1386
Author(s):  
Vishnu Vardhan Yenuganti ◽  
Srinivas Rao D. ◽  
Sasi Kumar P. J. ◽  
Narendranath R.
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Physician Care

Background: Patient satisfaction and the out-patient waiting time denotes the extent to which general health care needs of the patients are met to their requirements. This study assesses the quality of health care delivery in three primary health care centres in south Chennai. The main aim was to assess the levels of patient satisfaction and its relation to various components and the waiting time among the patients visiting the primary health centres in south Chennai.Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in three primary health centres in the rural part of south Chennai. This study is conducted by face to face interview method using a structured questionnaire on 120 random patients visiting the OPDs of these health centres. The questionnaire included timing pattern associated with the patients visit in the health centre. The collected data is analysed using Chi-square test and is conducted to assess the relationship between different categorical variables.Results: Most of the respondents (66.6%) were highly satisfied with the service provided, treatment and physician care, facilities inside the hospital, and the care of paramedical staff. Hospital cleanliness and Physician care were found to be significant in terms of overall satisfaction, and large number of patients visiting the centre was the most quoted reason for long waiting times with a mean of 45.2 minutes.Conclusions: The longer waiting times can be effectively reduced by employing more doctors and paramedical staff wherever it is required. A proper feedback system by assessing the satisfaction and waiting time is needed in any tertiary health centre to improve the health care delivery.

scholarly journals Correlation between the level of knowledge of drug managers and drug management in several primary health centres in Malang regency

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Ayuk Lawuningtyas Hariadini ◽  
Nur Ishmah ◽  
Hananditia Rachma Pramestutie
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Primary Health Centre ◽  
National Formulary ◽  
Drug Management ◽  
Disease Patterns ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: Drug management is one of the primary health centre management activities that aims to ensure the continuity and affordability of pharmaceutical preparations. Aim: This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of drug managers and drug management in several primary health centres of Malang regency. Method: The study was observational analytic using questionnaire instruments to analyse the level of knowledge of drug managers and three checklists to analyse drug management through three indicators of drug management: (1) conformity of stock to the national formulary, (2) conformity of stock to the disease patterns, and (3) the percentage of expired drugs. Result: There was no significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the first (p = 0.842), second (p = 0.236), and the third indicator (p = 0.361). Conclusion: Not all drug lists in the national formulary are required by each primary health centre. The inventory is adjusted to the consumption and epidemiology.

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