scholarly journals Statistical Analysis ofHie(Cold Sensation) andHiesho(Cold Disorder) in Kampo Clinic

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuhiro Yoshino ◽  
Kotoe Katayama ◽  
Kaori Munakata ◽  
Yuko Horiba ◽  
Rui Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Part ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hot Flushes ◽  
Cold Sensation ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Analogue Scales ◽  
Body Heat

A cold sensation (hie) is common in Japanese women and is an important treatment target in Kampo medicine. Physicians diagnose patients as havinghiesho(cold disorder) whenhiedisturbs their daily activity. However, differences betweenhieandhieshoin men and women are not well described.Hiecan be of three types depending on body part where patients feelhie. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients withhieandhieshoby analyzing data from new patients seen at the Kampo Clinic at Keio University Hospital between 2008 and 2013. We collected information about patients’ subjective symptoms and their severity using visual analogue scales. Of 4,016 new patients, 2,344 complained abouthieand 524 of those were diagnosed withhiesho.Hiewas most common in legs/feet and combined with hands or lower back, rather than the whole body. Almost 30% of patients withhiefelt upper body heat symptoms like hot flushes. Cold sensation was stronger inhieshothannon-hieshopatients. Patients withhiehad more complaints. Men withhieshohad the same distribution ofhieand had symptoms similar to women. The results of our study may increase awareness ofhieshoand help doctors treathieand other symptoms.

scholarly journals Joint Pedestrian and Body Part Detection via Semantic Relationship Learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Gu ◽  
Chuanxin Lan ◽  
Wenbai Chen ◽  
Hu Han
Keyword(s):  
Pedestrian Detection ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Semantic Relationship ◽  
The Public ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Person Search

While remarkable progress has been made to pedestrian detection in recent years, robust pedestrian detection in the wild e.g., under surveillance scenarios with occlusions, remains a challenging problem. In this paper, we present a novel approach for joint pedestrian and body part detection via semantic relationship learning under unconstrained scenarios. Specifically, we propose a Body Part Indexed Feature (BPIF) representation to encode the semantic relationship between individual body parts (i.e., head, head-shoulder, upper body, and whole body) and highlight per body part features, providing robustness against partial occlusions to the whole body. We also propose an Adaptive Joint Non-Maximum Suppression (AJ-NMS) to replace the original NMS algorithm widely used in object detection, leading to higher precision and recall for detecting overlapped pedestrians. Experimental results on the public-domain CUHK-SYSU Person Search Dataset show that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods for joint pedestrian and body part detection in the wild.

scholarly journals Thermal behavior alleviates thermal discomfort during steady-state exercise without affecting whole body heat loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole T. Vargas ◽  
Christopher L. Chapman ◽  
Blair D. Johnson ◽  
Rob Gathercole ◽  
Matthew N. Cramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mean Skin Temperature ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Body Heat

We tested the hypothesis that thermal behavior resulting in reductions in mean skin temperature alleviates thermal discomfort and mitigates the rise in core temperature during light-intensity exercise. In a 27 ± 0°C, 48 ± 6% relative humidity environment, 12 healthy subjects (6 men, 6 women) completed 60 min of recumbent cycling. In both trials, subjects wore a water-perfused suit top continually perfusing 34 ± 0°C water. In the behavior trial, subjects maintained their upper body thermally comfortable by pressing a button to perfuse cool water (2.2 ± 0.5°C) through the top for 2 min per button press. Metabolic heat production (control: 404 ± 52 W, behavior: 397 ± 65 W; P = 0.44) was similar between trials. Mean skin temperature was reduced in the behavior trial (by −2.1 ± 1.8°C, P < 0.01) because of voluntary reductions in water-perfused top temperature ( P < 0.01). Whole body ( P = 0.02) and local sweat rates were lower in the behavior trial ( P ≤ 0.05). Absolute core temperature was similar ( P ≥ 0.30); however, the change in core temperature was greater in the behavior trial after 40 min of exercise ( P ≤ 0.03). Partitional calorimetry did not reveal any differences in cumulative heat storage (control: 554 ± 229, behavior: 544 ± 283 kJ; P = 0.90). Thermal behavior alleviated whole body thermal discomfort during exercise (by −1.17 ± 0.40 arbitrary units, P < 0.01). Despite lower evaporative cooling in the behavior trial, similar heat loss was achieved by voluntarily employing convective cooling. Therefore, thermal behavior resulting in large reductions in skin temperature is effective at alleviating thermal discomfort during exercise without affecting whole body heat loss. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of thermal behavior in maintaining thermal comfort during exercise by allowing subjects to voluntarily cool their torso and upper limbs with 2°C water throughout a light-intensity exercise protocol. We show that voluntary cooling of the upper body alleviates thermal discomfort while maintaining heat balance through convective rather than evaporative means of heat loss.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in highway sanitary workers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Happiness Anulika Aweto ◽  
Oluwatoyosi Babatunde Owoeye ◽  
Korede Sunday Adegbite
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Gradual Onset ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Prevalence

Background: Highway sanitary workers are exposed to various health hazards in the course of duty. This study investigated the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among highway sanitary workers in Lagos Waste Management Authority (LAWMA), Lagos, Nigeria.Method: Two hundred fifty highway sanitary workers (46 males and 204 females) of LAWMA selected from four Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Nigeria completed a 26-item questionnaire that collected information on WMSDs.Results: The 12-month prevalence of WMSDs among the workers was 24.8%. The most commonly affected body part was the lower back (22.0%). Thirty-seven (59.7%) of the respondents reported gradual onset of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) while 25 (40.3%) reported sudden onset. The mean years of working experience was 3.22 + 0.23 years with 111 (44.4%) of the respondents having worked for 4 years and 7 (2.8%) having worked for 1year. The three major job risk factors identified were: continuing to work when injured (87.2%), working in the same position for long periods (53.6%) and lifting heavy materials (52.4%). Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient analysis showed that there were significant relationships between prevalence of WMSDs and age (r = 0.42, p = 0.001*) and years on the job (r = 0.17, p = 0.01*).Conclusion: There was a low prevalence of WMSDs among highway sanitary workers of LAWMA. The most commonly affected body part was the lower back. Increasing age and years of working experience are significant factors that can contribute to the development of WMSDs among these workers.

scholarly journals Preventive action with a population of excavator drivers exposed to whole-body vibration

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-481
Author(s):  
P. Bossi ◽  
P. Meert
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Exposure Levels

BACKGROUND: Whole-body vibration is a major cause of lower back pain among employees, and the medical and preventive care teams of occupational health departments are often confronted with lower back pain problems among machine operators. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this research are to determine the number of excavator drivers exposed to whole-body vibration levels above 0.5m/s2, identify other exposure factors that may contribute to back pain, and propose corrective measures. METHODS: Vibration measurements were carried out on individual excavator drivers while they were observed carrying out working tasks, after which prevention advice is given. Factors which determine vibration levels are logged on to a database. RESULTS: The multivariate analysis of several determining factors shows vibration exposure levels vary depending on the varied work tasks being carried out. CONCLUSION: This study identifies exposed employees among excavator operators. For each workstation, the determining factors that could explain the high exposures to vibrations are identified. This work shows the important role of tasks on exposure levels. A better adaptation of the tools used to carry out work tasks would allow a decrease in the vibration level of this type of machine.

scholarly journals Heat Stress and Cardiovascular, Hormonal, and Heat Shock Proteins in Humans

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Iguchi ◽  
Andrew E. Littmann ◽  
Shuo-Hsiu Chang ◽  
Lydia A. Wester ◽  
Jane S. Knipper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Whole Body Heat Stress ◽  
Body Heat

Context: Conditions such as osteoarthritis, obesity, and spinal cord injury limit the ability of patients to exercise, preventing them from experiencing many well-documented physiologic stressors. Recent evidence indicates that some of these stressors might derive from exercise-induced body temperature increases. Objective: To determine whether whole-body heat stress without exercise triggers cardiovascular, hormonal, and extra-cellular protein responses of exercise. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-five young, healthy adults (13 men, 12 women; age = 22.1 ± 2.4 years, height = 175.2 ± 11.6 cm, mass = 69.4 ± 14.8 kg, body mass index = 22.6 ± 4.0) volunteered. Intervention(s): Participants sat in a heat stress chamber with heat (73°C) and without heat (26°C) stress for 30 minutes on separate days. We obtained blood samples from a subset of 13 participants (7 men, 6 women) before and after exposure to heat stress. Main Outcome Measure(s): Extracellular heat shock protein (HSP72) and catecholamine plasma concentration, heart rate, blood pressure, and heat perception. Results: After 30 minutes of heat stress, body temperature measured via rectal sensor increased by 0.8°C. Heart rate increased linearly to 131.4 ± 22.4 beats per minute (F6,24 = 186, P &lt; .001) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased by 16 mm Hg (F6,24 = 10.1, P &lt; .001) and 5 mm Hg (F6,24 = 5.4, P &lt; .001), respectively. Norepinephrine (F1,12 = 12.1, P = .004) and prolactin (F1,12 = 30.2, P &lt; .001) increased in the plasma (58% and 285%, respectively) (P &lt; .05). The HSP72 (F1,12 = 44.7, P &lt; .001) level increased with heat stress by 48.7% ± 53.9%. No cardiovascular or blood variables showed changes during the control trials (quiet sitting in the heat chamber with no heat stress), resulting in differences between heat and control trials. Conclusions: We found that whole-body heat stress triggers some of the physiologic responses observed with exercise. Future studies are necessary to investigate whether carefully prescribed heat stress constitutes a method to augment or supplement exercise.

Multi-Objective Optimization of Human Gait With a Discomfort Function

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jung Kwon ◽  
Hyun-Joon Chung ◽  
Yujiang Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Joint Torque ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Backward Walking ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Neutral Angle

The objective of this study was to develop a discomfort function for including a high DOF upper body model during walking. A multi-objective optimization (MOO) method was formulated by minimizing dynamic effort and the discomfort function simultaneously. The discomfort function is defined as the sum of the squares of deviation of joint angles from their neutral angle positions. The dynamic effort is the sum of the joint torque squared. To investigate the efficacy of the proposed MOO method, backward walking simulation was conducted. By minimizing both dynamic effort and the discomfort function, a 3D whole body model with a high DOF upper body for walking was demonstrated successfully.

scholarly journals Machine Learning Approach for Fatigue Estimation in Sit-to-Stand Exercise

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5006
Author(s):  
Andrés Aguirre ◽  
Maria J. Pinto ◽  
Carlos A. Cifuentes ◽  
Oscar Perdomo ◽  
Camilo A. R. Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Fatigue Estimation

Physical exercise (PE) has become an essential tool for different rehabilitation programs. High-intensity exercises (HIEs) have been demonstrated to provide better results in general health conditions, compared with low and moderate-intensity exercises. In this context, monitoring of a patients’ condition is essential to avoid extreme fatigue conditions, which may cause physical and physiological complications. Different methods have been proposed for fatigue estimation, such as: monitoring the subject’s physiological parameters and subjective scales. However, there is still a need for practical procedures that provide an objective estimation, especially for HIEs. In this work, considering that the sit-to-stand (STS) exercise is one of the most implemented in physical rehabilitation, a computational model for estimating fatigue during this exercise is proposed. A study with 60 healthy volunteers was carried out to obtain a data set to develop and evaluate the proposed model. According to the literature, this model estimates three fatigue conditions (low, moderate, and high) by monitoring 32 STS kinematic features and the heart rate from a set of ambulatory sensors (Kinect and Zephyr sensors). Results show that a random forest model composed of 60 sub-classifiers presented an accuracy of 82.5% in the classification task. Moreover, results suggest that the movement of the upper body part is the most relevant feature for fatigue estimation. Movements of the lower body and the heart rate also contribute to essential information for identifying the fatigue condition. This work presents a promising tool for physical rehabilitation.

Body Image in Anorexia Nervosa

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Garner
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Psychological Disturbance ◽  
Body Image Disturbances

Despite much recent interest in the objective measurement of body image in anorexia nervosa, many questions remain regarding basic mechanisms responsible for the findings as well as their meaning in the disorder. It is unclear if “whole body” measures assess the same underlying phenomena as the “body part” method, and it is unclear if body image disturbances are etiologic or a byproduct of anorexia nervosa. The possible association between self-esteem and body satisfaction and the relationship of the latter variable to actual size estimation supports the hypothesis that size perception may be closely tied to satisfaction with non-physical aspects of self. Finally it must be determined if over estimation is a function of a general psychological disturbance or of a deficit of specific interest in this disorder. Despite these questions, the way in which anorexic patients see themselves as well as the cognitive and affective responses to this perception remains an interesting and potentially fruitful area of study with this disorder.

Value of Whole-Body Washing With Chlorhexidine for the Eradication of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus:A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wendt ◽  
S. Schinke ◽  
M. Württemberger ◽  
K. Oberdorfer ◽  
O. Bock-Hensley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blinded

Background.Whole-body washing with antiseptic solution has been widely used as part of eradication treatment for colonization with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), but evidence for the effectiveness of this measure is limited.Objective.To study the efficacy of whole-body washing with chlorhexidine for the control of MRSA.Design.Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial.Setting.University Hospital of Heidelberg and surrounding nursing homes.Patients.MRSA carriers who were not treated concurrently with antibiotics effective against MRSA were eligible for the study.Intervention.Five days of whole-body washing with either 4% chlorhexidine solution (treatment group) or with a placebo solution. All patients received mupirocin nasal ointment and chlorhexidine mouth rinse. The outcome was evaluated 3, 4, 5, 9, and 30 days after treatment with swab samples taken from several body sites.Results.Of 114 patients enrolled in the study (56 in the treatment group and 58 in the placebo group), 11 did not finish treatment (8 from the treatment group and 3 from the placebo group [P= .02]). At baseline, the groups did not differ with regard to age, sex, underlying condition, site of MRSA colonization, or history of MRSA eradication treatment. Eleven patients were MRSA-free 30 days after treatment (4 from the treatment group and 7 from the placebo group [P= .47]). Only groin-area colonization was significantly better eradicated by the use of chlorhexidine. The best predictor for total eradication was a low number of body sites positive for MRSA. Adverse effects were significantly more frequent in the treatment group than in the placebo group (any symptom, 71% vs 33%) but were reversible in most cases.Conclusion.Whole-body washing can reduce skin colonization, but it appears necessary to extend eradication measures to the gastrointestinal tract, wounds, and/or other colonized body sites if complete eradication is the goal.Trial Registration.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00266448.

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